Question 1

Presence of glucose in the urine is evidence of what condition?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Question 2

Match each substance with its primary mode of transport across the kidney epithelium.
-glucose

Accepted Answer

A) transcytosis 
B) active transport 
C) symport with a cation 
D) passive reabsorption/diffusion 
A) transcytosis 
B) active transport 
C) symport with a cation 
D) passive reabsorption/diffusion C

Question 3

In a normal kidney, which of the following conditions would cause an increase in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Accepted Answer

A)  constriction of the afferent arteriole 
B)  a decrease in the hydraulic pressure of the glomerulus 
C)  an increase in the capsular hydraulic pressure 
D)  a decrease in the concentration of plasma proteins in the blood 
E)  a decrease in the net glomerular filtration pressure 
A)  constriction of the afferent arteriole 
B)  a decrease in the hydraulic pressure of the glomerulus 
C)  an increase in the capsular hydraulic pressure 
D)  a decrease in the concentration of plasma proteins in the blood 
E)  a decrease in the net glomerular filtration pressure D

Question 4

The percentage of total plasma volume that filters is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The percentage of total plasma volume that...

Question 5

Urine is carried to the urinary bladder by

Accepted Answer

A)  blood vessels. 
B)  lymphatics. 
C)  the ureters. 
D)  the urethra. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  blood vessels. 
B)  lymphatics. 
C)  the ureters. 
D)  the urethra. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

The portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct is the

Accepted Answer

A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  proximal tubule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  collecting duct. 
E)  minor calyx. 
A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  proximal tubule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  collecting duct. 
E)  minor calyx.

Question 7

Contents in the peritubular capillaries are actively transported into proximal and distal convoluted tubules in a process known as

Accepted Answer

A)  excretion. 
B)  filtration. 
C)  reabsorption. 
D)  secretion. 
A)  excretion. 
B)  filtration. 
C)  reabsorption. 
D)  secretion.

Question 8

Which is NOT a kidney filtration barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular capillary endothelium 
B)  basal lamina 
C)  Bowman's capsule epithelium 
D)  juxtaglomerular apparatus 
A)  glomerular capillary endothelium 
B)  basal lamina 
C)  Bowman's capsule epithelium 
D)  juxtaglomerular apparatus

Question 9

Ruby is 77 years old and can no longer control her urination.What changed in the reflex pathway that used to control her urination?

Accepted Answer

Micturition normally occurs when stretch

Question 10

Fred weighs 100 kg.Assume his total blood volume is 7%, his heart pumps his total blood volume within 90 seconds, and his renal blood flow is 20% of his cardiac output.Calculate the volume of blood that flows through Fred's kidneys each minute.

Accepted Answer

Fred's blood volume = 100 kg × 0.07 = 7

Question 11

Sylvia is suffering from severe edema in her arms and legs.Her physician prescribes a diuretic (a substance that will increase the volume of urine produced).Why might this help to alleviate Sylvia's problem?

Accepted Answer

One simple answer is that a diuretic red

Question 12

Match each substance with its primary mode of transport across the kidney epithelium.
-small plasma proteins

Accepted Answer

A) transcytosis 
B) active transport 
C) symport with a cation 
D) passive reabsorption/diffusion 
A) transcytosis 
B) active transport 
C) symport with a cation 
D) passive reabsorption/diffusion

Question 13

List and describe the three filtration barriers that substances leaving the plasma must pass through before entering the tubule lumen.

Accepted Answer

1.the glomerular capillary end

Question 14

List and summarize the forces that influence filtration across the walls of glomerular capillaries.

Accepted Answer

1.hydrostatic pressure
2.collo

Question 15

The hairpin-shaped segment of the nephron is the

Accepted Answer

A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  proximal tubule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  vasa recta. 
E)  minor calyx. 
A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  proximal tubule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  vasa recta. 
E)  minor calyx.

Question 16

The excretion of glucose in the urine is called ________.

Accepted Answer

glucosuria

Question 17

A man's leg was crushed between a car bumper and a wall.His physicians believe their patient has suffered kidney damage from myoglobin blocking glomerular pores.Tests showed the following results:
 
A.How many mg of creatinine are in the urine specimen? How much creatinine appears in the urine per hour?
B.What is the patient's creatinine clearance in mL/min?
C.What is the patient's GFR?
D.Is this a normal GFR? Did the patient sustain kidney damage?

Accepted Answer

A.1000 mL urine × 30 mg creatinine/mL ur

Question 18

Functions of the kidneys include all but one of the following.Identify the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation of extracellular fluid volume 
B)  maintenance of ion balance in body fluids 
C)  regulation of blood protein levels 
D)  regulation of blood osmolarity 
E)  homeostatic regulation of blood pH 
A)  regulation of extracellular fluid volume 
B)  maintenance of ion balance in body fluids 
C)  regulation of blood protein levels 
D)  regulation of blood osmolarity 
E)  homeostatic regulation of blood pH

Question 19

The amount of plasma that filters into the nephrons is approximately ________ of the total volume.

Accepted Answer

A)  4/5 
B)  1/5 
C)  3/4 
D)  1/2 
E)  90% 
A)  4/5 
B)  1/5 
C)  3/4 
D)  1/2 
E)  90%

Question 20

The typical pattern for molecules absorbed by Na⁺-dependent transport involves this: an apical ________ and a basolateral ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated diffusion carrier, osmotic gradient 
B)  symport protein, facilitated diffusion carrier 
C)  symport protein, osmotic gradient 
D)  osmotic gradient, symport protein 
E)  facilitated diffusion carrier, symport protein 
A)  facilitated diffusion carrier, osmotic gradient 
B)  symport protein, facilitated diffusion carrier 
C)  symport protein, osmotic gradient 
D)  osmotic gradient, symport protein 
E)  facilitated diffusion carrier, symport protein

Exam 19: The Kidneys

Presence of glucose in the urine is evidence of what condition?

Match each substance with its primary mode of transport across the kidney epithelium. -glucose

In a normal kidney, which of the following conditions would cause an increase in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

The percentage of total plasma volume that filters is called the ________.

Urine is carried to the urinary bladder by

The portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct is the

Contents in the peritubular capillaries are actively transported into proximal and distal convoluted tubules in a process known as

Which is NOT a kidney filtration barrier?

Ruby is 77 years old and can no longer control her urination.What changed in the reflex pathway that used to control her urination?

Fred weighs 100 kg.Assume his total blood volume is 7%, his heart pumps his total blood volume within 90 seconds, and his renal blood flow is 20% of his cardiac output.Calculate the volume of blood that flows through Fred's kidneys each minute.

Sylvia is suffering from severe edema in her arms and legs.Her physician prescribes a diuretic (a substance that will increase the volume of urine produced).Why might this help to alleviate Sylvia's problem?

Match each substance with its primary mode of transport across the kidney epithelium. -small plasma proteins

List and describe the three filtration barriers that substances leaving the plasma must pass through before entering the tubule lumen.

List and summarize the forces that influence filtration across the walls of glomerular capillaries.

The hairpin-shaped segment of the nephron is the

The excretion of glucose in the urine is called ________.

Functions of the kidneys include all but one of the following.Identify the exception.

The amount of plasma that filters into the nephrons is approximately ________ of the total volume.

The typical pattern for molecules absorbed by Na⁺-dependent transport involves this: an apical ________ and a basolateral ________.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

The typical pattern for molecules absorbed by Na⁺-dependent transport involves this: an apical and a basolateral .