Question 1

Match each substance with its primary mode of transport across the kidney epithelium.
-sodium

Accepted Answer

A) transcytosis 
B) active transport 
C) symport with a cation 
D) passive reabsorption/diffusion 
A) transcytosis 
B) active transport 
C) symport with a cation 
D) passive reabsorption/diffusion

Question 2

An obstruction in a glomerulus would affect the flow of blood into the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal artery. 
B)  efferent arteriole. 
C)  afferent arteriole. 
D)  renal vein. 
A)  renal artery. 
B)  efferent arteriole. 
C)  afferent arteriole. 
D)  renal vein.

Question 3

The primary function of the proximal tubule is

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration. 
B)  reabsorption of ions, organic molecules, and water. 
C)  secretion of acids and ammonia. 
D)  secretion of drugs. 
E)  adjusting the urine volume. 
A)  filtration. 
B)  reabsorption of ions, organic molecules, and water. 
C)  secretion of acids and ammonia. 
D)  secretion of drugs. 
E)  adjusting the urine volume.

Question 4

After it is formed, urine is temporarily stored in the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After it is formed, urine is temporarily...

Question 5

The ________ carry blood from the kidneys back to the ________.

Accepted Answer

renal vein

Question 6

When fluid flow through the distal tubule increases as a result of increased GFR, the macula densa cells send a chemical message to the neighboring afferent arteriole.The afferent arteriole constricts, increasing resistance and decreasing GFR.This type of autoregulation involving both the kidney tubule and the arteriole is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

tubuloglom

Question 7

Eighty percent of the nephrons in a kidney are contained within the ________, but the other 20%, called the ________ nephrons, dip down into the ________.

Accepted Answer

cortex, ju

Question 8

Patrick's urine sample reveals a high concentration of glucose.Is glucose normally present in urine? Suggest two possible mechanisms to explain why the kidney would excrete excess glucose, and what abnormality may underlie those conditions.

Accepted Answer

Glucose transporters may be saturated, p

Question 9

The amount of filtrate entering the proximal tubules of the kidneys each minute is the ________.

Accepted Answer

GFR or glo

Question 10

When the plasma concentration of a substance exceeds its renal concentration, more of the substance will be

Accepted Answer

A)  filtered. 
B)  reabsorbed. 
C)  secreted. 
D)  excreted. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  filtered. 
B)  reabsorbed. 
C)  secreted. 
D)  excreted. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 11

The plasma concentration at which all of the renal carriers for a given substance are saturated is the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The plasma concentration at which all of...

Question 12

Measurements in a nephron reveal a glomerular hydraulic pressure of 69 mm Hg, and a fluid pressure in the Bowman's capsule of 15 mm Hg.Assuming that the plasma osmotic pressure is 30 mm Hg, and that essentially no plasma proteins are filtered by the glomerulus, what is the net glomerular filtration pressure in this case?

Accepted Answer

A)  -6 mm Hg 
B)  24 mm Hg 
C)  54 mm Hg 
D)  84 mm Hg 
E)  114 mm Hg 
A)  -6 mm Hg 
B)  24 mm Hg 
C)  54 mm Hg 
D)  84 mm Hg 
E)  114 mm Hg

Question 13

Which of the following kidney processes is always active and always requires energy to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration 
B)  reabsorption 
C)  secretion 
D)  excretion 
A)  filtration 
B)  reabsorption 
C)  secretion 
D)  excretion

Question 14

Blood flow through the kidney includes a feature seen in only a few organs.What is it?

Accepted Answer

A)  portal system 
B)  arterial shunts 
C)  vascular sinuses 
D)  veins containing highly oxygenated blood 
E)  anastomoses 
A)  portal system 
B)  arterial shunts 
C)  vascular sinuses 
D)  veins containing highly oxygenated blood 
E)  anastomoses

Question 15

The characteristic yellow color of urine is attributed to the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)  urobilinogen. 
B)  uric acid. 
C)  urea. 
D)  renin. 
E)  bile. 
A)  urobilinogen. 
B)  uric acid. 
C)  urea. 
D)  renin. 
E)  bile.

Question 16

All of the following will normally be found in the filtrate EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  potassium. 
C)  erythrocytes. 
D)  urobilinogen. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  potassium. 
C)  erythrocytes. 
D)  urobilinogen.

Question 17

The specialized cells found in the capsule epithelium are called ________.These cells have long cytoplasmic extensions called ________.

Accepted Answer

podocytes,

Question 18

Urine is produced by the

Accepted Answer

A)  gallbladder. 
B)  urinary bladder. 
C)  kidney. 
D)  ureter. 
E)  urethra. 
A)  gallbladder. 
B)  urinary bladder. 
C)  kidney. 
D)  ureter. 
E)  urethra.

Question 19

Trace a drop of water through the urinary system, beginning with the plasma in the renal artery.

Accepted Answer

Plasma in the renal artery flows into sm

Question 20

The Bowman's capsule and glomerulus make up the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal pyramid. 
B)  loop of Henle. 
C)  renal corpuscle. 
D)  renal papilla. 
E)  collecting system. 
A)  renal pyramid. 
B)  loop of Henle. 
C)  renal corpuscle. 
D)  renal papilla. 
E)  collecting system.

Exam 19: The Kidneys

Match each substance with its primary mode of transport across the kidney epithelium. -sodium

An obstruction in a glomerulus would affect the flow of blood into the

The primary function of the proximal tubule is

After it is formed, urine is temporarily stored in the ________.

The ________ carry blood from the kidneys back to the ________.

Eighty percent of the nephrons in a kidney are contained within the ________, but the other 20%, called the ________ nephrons, dip down into the ________.

Patrick's urine sample reveals a high concentration of glucose.Is glucose normally present in urine? Suggest two possible mechanisms to explain why the kidney would excrete excess glucose, and what abnormality may underlie those conditions.

The amount of filtrate entering the proximal tubules of the kidneys each minute is the ________.

When the plasma concentration of a substance exceeds its renal concentration, more of the substance will be

The plasma concentration at which all of the renal carriers for a given substance are saturated is the ________.

Which of the following kidney processes is always active and always requires energy to occur?

Blood flow through the kidney includes a feature seen in only a few organs.What is it?

The characteristic yellow color of urine is attributed to the presence of

All of the following will normally be found in the filtrate EXCEPT

The specialized cells found in the capsule epithelium are called ________.These cells have long cytoplasmic extensions called ________.

Urine is produced by the

Trace a drop of water through the urinary system, beginning with the plasma in the renal artery.

The Bowman's capsule and glomerulus make up the

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

The carry blood from the kidneys back to the .

Eighty percent of the nephrons in a kidney are contained within the , but the other 20%, called the nephrons, dip down into the .

The specialized cells found in the capsule epithelium are called .These cells have long cytoplasmic extensions called .