Question 1

The ________ are the long peritubular capillaries that dip into the medulla.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ are the long peritubular capillaries...

Question 2

Place the following blood vessels that carry blood to and within the kidney in the order in which blood passes through them.
1)afferent arteriole
2)efferent arteriole
3)glomerulus
4)peritubular capillary

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 2, 3, 1 
B)  1, 3, 2, 4 
C)  4, 3, 2, 1 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4 
E)  3, 4, 2, 1 
A)  4, 2, 3, 1 
B)  1, 3, 2, 4 
C)  4, 3, 2, 1 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4 
E)  3, 4, 2, 1

Question 3

You are a physiologist on a space flight to a distant planet.You discover intelligent humanoid aliens inhabiting the planet, and they willingly submit to your tests.You discover that the alien's kidney handles the sugar alcohol mannitol just like our kidneys handle inulin.You also test the alien for its renal handling of glucose.The data from that experiment are: Plasma level (constant over 24 hrs): 6 g/dL of mannitol and 2 g/dL of glucose; 24 hr.urine sample: volume of 2 L, containing 144 g mannitol and 52 g glucose.
A.What is the alien's glomerular filtration rate?
B.What is the alien's clearance rate for glucose?
C.How does the alien kidney handle glucose?

Accepted Answer

Human kidneys filter inulin, a polysacch

Question 4

The portion of the nephron closest to the renal corpuscle is the

Accepted Answer

A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  proximal tubule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  collecting duct. 
E)  minor calyx. 
A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  proximal tubule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  collecting duct. 
E)  minor calyx.

Question 5

In the lumen of the proximal tubule, Na⁺ concentration ________ the Na⁺ concentration inside the cells of the tubule wall.

Accepted Answer

A)  is much higher than 
B)  is slightly higher than 
C)  is about the same as 
D)  is slightly lower than 
E)  is much lower than 
A)  is much higher than 
B)  is slightly higher than 
C)  is about the same as 
D)  is slightly lower than 
E)  is much lower than

Question 6

The force for glomerular filtration is the

Accepted Answer

A)  blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries. 
B)  osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries. 
C)  fluid pressure produced by the displacement of the fluid in the lumen of the tubules. 
D)  ATP-dependent processes in the nephron. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries. 
B)  osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries. 
C)  fluid pressure produced by the displacement of the fluid in the lumen of the tubules. 
D)  ATP-dependent processes in the nephron. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 7

Damage to the renal medulla would interfere first with the functioning of the

Accepted Answer

A)  Bowman's capsule. 
B)  distal tubule. 
C)  collecting ducts. 
D)  proximal tubule. 
E)  glomerulus. 
A)  Bowman's capsule. 
B)  distal tubule. 
C)  collecting ducts. 
D)  proximal tubule. 
E)  glomerulus.

Question 8

In normal kidneys, blood cells and plasma proteins are

Accepted Answer

A)  filtered then reabsorbed. 
B)  secreted then reabsorbed. 
C)  not filtered. 
D)  filtered and secreted. 
A)  filtered then reabsorbed. 
B)  secreted then reabsorbed. 
C)  not filtered. 
D)  filtered and secreted.

Question 9

Reabsorption involves what two methods of transport? Describe each.What determines which route a solute will take?

Accepted Answer

1.transepithelial transport: substances

Question 10

Urine is carried to the external environment by the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Urine is carried to the external environment...

Question 11

Match each step in urine formation to its description.
-movement from the nephron lumen to the external environment

Accepted Answer

A) excretion 
B) filtration 
C) reabsorption 
D) secretion 
A) excretion 
B) filtration 
C) reabsorption 
D) secretion

Question 12

The nephron begins with a hollow, ball-like structure called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nephron begins with a hollow, ball-like...

Question 13

Which structure is NOT part of the blood circulation through the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  vasa recta 
B)  loop of Henle 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  renal corpuscle 
A)  vasa recta 
B)  loop of Henle 
C)  glomerulus 
D)  renal corpuscle

Question 14

The process of filtration in the kidney is most accurately described as

Accepted Answer

A)  highly specific. 
B)  completely nonspecific. 
C)  relatively nonspecific. 
A)  highly specific. 
B)  completely nonspecific. 
C)  relatively nonspecific.

Question 15

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed by

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion. 
B)  symport with sodium. 
C)  cotransport. 
D)  countertransport. 
A)  diffusion. 
B)  symport with sodium. 
C)  cotransport. 
D)  countertransport.

Question 16

A glomerulus is

Accepted Answer

A)  the expanded end of a nephron. 
B)  a "knot" of capillaries that lies within the Bowman's capsule. 
C)  the portion of the nephron closest to the renal corpuscle. 
D)  the portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct. 
E)  the hairpin-shaped segment of the nephron. 
A)  the expanded end of a nephron. 
B)  a "knot" of capillaries that lies within the Bowman's capsule. 
C)  the portion of the nephron closest to the renal corpuscle. 
D)  the portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct. 
E)  the hairpin-shaped segment of the nephron.

Exam 19: The Kidneys

The ________ are the long peritubular capillaries that dip into the medulla.

Place the following blood vessels that carry blood to and within the kidney in the order in which blood passes through them. 1)afferent arteriole 2)efferent arteriole 3)glomerulus 4)peritubular capillary

The portion of the nephron closest to the renal corpuscle is the

In the lumen of the proximal tubule, Na⁺ concentration ________ the Na⁺ concentration inside the cells of the tubule wall.

The force for glomerular filtration is the

Damage to the renal medulla would interfere first with the functioning of the

In normal kidneys, blood cells and plasma proteins are

Reabsorption involves what two methods of transport? Describe each.What determines which route a solute will take?

Urine is carried to the external environment by the ________.

Match each step in urine formation to its description. -movement from the nephron lumen to the external environment

The nephron begins with a hollow, ball-like structure called ________.

Which structure is NOT part of the blood circulation through the kidney?

The process of filtration in the kidney is most accurately described as

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed by

A glomerulus is

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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