Question 1

The lungs are enclosed in ________ membranes.

Accepted Answer

A)  pericardial 
B)  pulmonary 
C)  pleural 
D)  thoracic 
E)  costal 
A)  pericardial 
B)  pulmonary 
C)  pleural 
D)  thoracic 
E)  costal

Question 2

In the disease ________, many symptoms are due to destruction of elastic fibers in the lung.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the disease ________, many symptoms are...

Question 3

Breathing that involves active inspiratory and expiratory movements is called

Accepted Answer

A)  eupnea. 
B)  hyperpnea. 
C)  diaphragmatic breathing. 
D)  costal breathing. 
E)  shallow breathing. 
A)  eupnea. 
B)  hyperpnea. 
C)  diaphragmatic breathing. 
D)  costal breathing. 
E)  shallow breathing.

Question 4

A powerful bronchoconstrictor released by mast cells is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A powerful bronchoconstrictor released by mast cells...

Question 5

The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchioles. 
B)  alveolar ducts. 
C)  pleural spaces. 
D)  alveoli. 
E)  terminal sacs. 
A)  bronchioles. 
B)  alveolar ducts. 
C)  pleural spaces. 
D)  alveoli. 
E)  terminal sacs.

Question 6

The airway between the larynx and the primary bronchi is the

Accepted Answer

A)  pharynx. 
B)  bronchiole. 
C)  trachea. 
D)  alveolar duct. 
E)  laryngeal duct. 
A)  pharynx. 
B)  bronchiole. 
C)  trachea. 
D)  alveolar duct. 
E)  laryngeal duct.

Question 7

An increase in PCO₂ would cause

Accepted Answer

A)  the bronchioles to dilate and the systemic arterioles to dilate. 
B)  the bronchioles to dilate and the systemic arterioles to constrict. 
C)  the bronchioles to constrict and the systemic arterioles to dilate. 
D)  the bronchioles to constrict and the systemic arterioles to constrict. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  the bronchioles to dilate and the systemic arterioles to dilate. 
B)  the bronchioles to dilate and the systemic arterioles to constrict. 
C)  the bronchioles to constrict and the systemic arterioles to dilate. 
D)  the bronchioles to constrict and the systemic arterioles to constrict. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 8

Draw three graphs depicting how the following change during normal inspiration and expiration:
A.alveolar pressure
B.intrapleural pressure
C.volume of air moved

Accepted Answer

See Figure

Question 9

Dalton's law states that

Accepted Answer

A)  gas volume and temperature are directly proportional. 
B)  gas volume and pressure are inversely proportional. 
C)  the volume of gas that will dissolve in a solvent is proportional to the solubility of the gas and the gas pressure. 
D)  in a mixture of gases like air, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of the gases in the mixture. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  gas volume and temperature are directly proportional. 
B)  gas volume and pressure are inversely proportional. 
C)  the volume of gas that will dissolve in a solvent is proportional to the solubility of the gas and the gas pressure. 
D)  in a mixture of gases like air, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of the gases in the mixture. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 10

Match the type of breathing with its description.
-rapid breathing

Accepted Answer

A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea 
A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea

Question 11

Match the lung capacity with its description.
-the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal breath

Accepted Answer

A) total lung capacity 
B) inspiratory capacity 
C) vital capacity 
D) functional residual capacity 
A) total lung capacity 
B) inspiratory capacity 
C) vital capacity 
D) functional residual capacity

Question 12

How would a spirometer tracing be different in a person with a collapsed lung? Why? What must occur to restore the respiratory function to normal?

Accepted Answer

Each volume would be roughly reduced by

Question 13

Draw and label a spirogram showing respiratory activity in a resting person.Draw and label a spirogram in this same person during exercise.

Accepted Answer

The resting graph should resemble Figure

Question 14

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the

Accepted Answer

A)  upper respiratory tract. 
B)  lower respiratory tract. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  alveoli. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  upper respiratory tract. 
B)  lower respiratory tract. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  alveoli. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 15

Sherry is not able to produce surfactant.In order to inhale a normal tidal volume, does her intrapleural pressure have to be higher or lower than for a healthy individual? Explain.

Accepted Answer

Surfactant is necessary to reduce surfac

Question 16

Damage to the type II cells of the lungs would contribute to

Accepted Answer

A)  a thickening of the respiratory membrane. 
B)  an increased rate of gas exchange. 
C)  alveolar rupture. 
D)  alveolar collapse. 
E)  decreased surface tension in the water lining the alveoli. 
A)  a thickening of the respiratory membrane. 
B)  an increased rate of gas exchange. 
C)  alveolar rupture. 
D)  alveolar collapse. 
E)  decreased surface tension in the water lining the alveoli.

Question 17

Poiseuille's law is summarized this way.

Accepted Answer

A)  PV = nRT 
B)  R $\propto $ Lη/r⁴ 
C)  P = 2T/r 
D)  P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ 
A)  PV = nRT 
B)  R $\propto $ Lη/r⁴ 
C)  P = 2T/r 
D)  P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Question 18

What is surfactant? Why is it important?

Accepted Answer

Surfactant, made by the type I

Question 19

Match the lung volume with its description.
-the minimum amount of air always present in the respiratory system, after blowing out all you can

Accepted Answer

A) tidal volume 
B) inspiratory reserve volume 
C) expiratory reserve volume 
D) residual volume 
A) tidal volume 
B) inspiratory reserve volume 
C) expiratory reserve volume 
D) residual volume

Question 20

Which of the following features of the alveolar sacs allows for the ease of diffusion of gasses?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are made of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium. 
B)  Type II alveolar cells secrete surfactant. 
C)  Elastin fibers allow the alveoli to stretch thin enough for diffusion to occur. 
D)  They are made of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium and elastin fibers allow the alveoli to stretch thin enough for diffusion to occur. 
A)  They are made of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium. 
B)  Type II alveolar cells secrete surfactant. 
C)  Elastin fibers allow the alveoli to stretch thin enough for diffusion to occur. 
D)  They are made of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium and elastin fibers allow the alveoli to stretch thin enough for diffusion to occur.

Exam 17: Mechanics of Breathing

The lungs are enclosed in ________ membranes.

In the disease ________, many symptoms are due to destruction of elastic fibers in the lung.

Breathing that involves active inspiratory and expiratory movements is called

A powerful bronchoconstrictor released by mast cells is ________.

The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are

The airway between the larynx and the primary bronchi is the

An increase in PCO₂ would cause

Draw three graphs depicting how the following change during normal inspiration and expiration: A.alveolar pressure B.intrapleural pressure C.volume of air moved

Dalton's law states that

Match the type of breathing with its description. -rapid breathing

Match the lung capacity with its description. -the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal breath

How would a spirometer tracing be different in a person with a collapsed lung? Why? What must occur to restore the respiratory function to normal?

Draw and label a spirogram showing respiratory activity in a resting person.Draw and label a spirogram in this same person during exercise.

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the

Sherry is not able to produce surfactant.In order to inhale a normal tidal volume, does her intrapleural pressure have to be higher or lower than for a healthy individual? Explain.

Damage to the type II cells of the lungs would contribute to

Poiseuille's law is summarized this way.

What is surfactant? Why is it important?

Match the lung volume with its description. -the minimum amount of air always present in the respiratory system, after blowing out all you can

Which of the following features of the alveolar sacs allows for the ease of diffusion of gasses?

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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