Question 1

The volume of air that can be forcefully inhaled on top of a normal inspiration is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

inspirator

Question 2

The volume of air that remains in the lungs after a forced expiration is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The volume of air that remains in...

Question 3

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

Accepted Answer

A)  the volume of the thorax increases. 
B)  the volume of the thorax decreases. 
C)  the volume of the lungs decreases. 
D)  the lungs collapse. 
E)  expiration occurs. 
A)  the volume of the thorax increases. 
B)  the volume of the thorax decreases. 
C)  the volume of the lungs decreases. 
D)  the lungs collapse. 
E)  expiration occurs.

Question 4

Sharon "gets the wind knocked out of her" during a skiing accident in which she attempted a jump and landed hard on her feet before tumbling over.She is conscious but breathing is labored, and she complains of pain and shortness of breath.The first aid-trained ski patrolman that comes to her aid determines that Sharon has no broken bones, nor is CNS injury likely.He places tiny tubes at her nostrils that blow air (with higher than normal percentage of oxygen)into her nose then places her on the snowmobile, and takes her to the first aid tent.Why is Sharon's breathing labored? How does the high-oxygen air help her condition?

Accepted Answer

Sharon suffered an impact that increased

Question 5

A package insert for a medication states that "this medicine is a beta receptor stimulant used to treat symptoms of asthma, emphysema and other breathing conditions.Possible side effects include fast heart rate, nervousness, tremors or nausea." Why would these symptoms be expected?

Accepted Answer

Stimulation of beta receptors

Question 6

Distinguish between intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressure.

Accepted Answer

Intrapulmonary pressure is the pressure

Question 7

Define lung capacity, and give a specific example.(Note: There is a specific physiological definition; don't just define "capacity" in general terms.)

Accepted Answer

A lung capacity is the sum of

Question 8

Total cross-sectional area ________ with each division of the airways.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  does not change 
A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  does not change

Question 9

Distinguish between cellular and external respiration.

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration refers to the intra

Question 10

Describe the pleura and explain its role in respiration.

Accepted Answer

The pleura is a double-walled sac that s

Question 11

A.Patrick is snorkeling (surface swimming with a tube in his mouth to maintain breathing while his face is in the water).The snorkel tube is 40 cm in length and 1.2 cm in radius.How does this affect Patrick's breathing? Calculate the increase in relative resistance contributed by the snorkel tube.
B.What is dead space and how does that affect snorkeling? Explain your answer, assuming the snorkel tube is a round cylinder and cylinder volume is pr²L.How does the snorkel tube affect alveolar ventilation (assume a ventilation rate of 12 breaths/min, tidal volume of 500 mL, and normal dead space volume of 150 mL)? If normal alveolar ventilation is 4200 mL/min, how must Patrick breathe during snorkeling compared to normal?
C.Patrick loves snorkeling, but wishes he could go a little deeper.He decides to create a longer snorkel tube to try to achieve this desire.He isn't sure how radius figures in, so he makes two tubes of 60 cm length, one with a 1.2 cm radius and the other with a 2 cm radius.What are the relative resistances of these two new tubes? Do you think he will be able to snorkel well with either of these tubes? Explain.

Accepted Answer

A. The snorkel tube effectively increase

Question 12

The ease with which the lungs stretch in response to changes in pressure is termed ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ease with which the lungs stretch...

Question 13

Match the lung capacity with its description.
-the sum of all the lung volumes

Accepted Answer

A) total lung capacity 
B) inspiratory capacity 
C) vital capacity 
D) functional residual capacity 
A) total lung capacity 
B) inspiratory capacity 
C) vital capacity 
D) functional residual capacity

Question 14

In the lungs, an example of the body's reserve capacity is that

Accepted Answer

A)  some areas of the lung can be closed off during rest and opened again when needed during exercise. 
B)  capillary beds in the lungs are reversibly collapsible, allowing blood to be shunted to additional areas during exercise. 
C)  pulmonary blood flow is completely under the control of the autonomic nervous system, dilating arteries and arterioles to adjust blood flow. 
D)  All of the statements are True. 
E)  None of the statements are True. 
A)  some areas of the lung can be closed off during rest and opened again when needed during exercise. 
B)  capillary beds in the lungs are reversibly collapsible, allowing blood to be shunted to additional areas during exercise. 
C)  pulmonary blood flow is completely under the control of the autonomic nervous system, dilating arteries and arterioles to adjust blood flow. 
D)  All of the statements are True. 
E)  None of the statements are True.

Question 15

In quiet breathing,

Accepted Answer

A)  inspiration and expiration involve muscular contractions. 
B)  inspiration is passive and expiration involves muscular contractions. 
C)  inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive. 
D)  inspiration and expiration are both passive processes. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  inspiration and expiration involve muscular contractions. 
B)  inspiration is passive and expiration involves muscular contractions. 
C)  inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive. 
D)  inspiration and expiration are both passive processes. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 16

Match the type of breathing with its description.
-increased respiratory rate and/or volume without increased metabolism

Accepted Answer

A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea 
A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea

Question 17

Place the following structures of the respiratory tree in the order in which air passes through them.
1)secondary bronchi
2)bronchioles
3)primary bronchi
4)alveoli
5)terminal bronchioles

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 1, 2, 3, 5 
B)  1, 3, 5, 2, 4 
C)  3, 1, 5, 2, 4 
D)  3, 1, 2, 5, 4 
E)  1, 3, 2, 5, 4 
A)  4, 1, 2, 3, 5 
B)  1, 3, 5, 2, 4 
C)  3, 1, 5, 2, 4 
D)  3, 1, 2, 5, 4 
E)  1, 3, 2, 5, 4

Question 18

Ventilation is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  breathing. 
B)  inspiration. 
C)  expiration. 
D)  air conduction. 
E)  blowing. 
A)  breathing. 
B)  inspiration. 
C)  expiration. 
D)  air conduction. 
E)  blowing.

Question 19

Blood vessels cover approximately ________% of the alveolar surface.

Accepted Answer

A) 80-90 B) 10-20 C) > 90 D) < 10 E) 50 A) 80-90 B) 10-20 C) > 90 D) < 10 E) 50

Question 20

The lungs are located in the ________ cavity.

Accepted Answer

A)  pericardial 
B)  pulmonary 
C)  pleural 
D)  thoracic 
E)  costal 
A)  pericardial 
B)  pulmonary 
C)  pleural 
D)  thoracic 
E)  costal

Exam 17: Mechanics of Breathing

The volume of air that can be forcefully inhaled on top of a normal inspiration is called the ________.

The volume of air that remains in the lungs after a forced expiration is called the ________.

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

A package insert for a medication states that "this medicine is a beta receptor stimulant used to treat symptoms of asthma, emphysema and other breathing conditions.Possible side effects include fast heart rate, nervousness, tremors or nausea." Why would these symptoms be expected?

Distinguish between intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressure.

Define lung capacity, and give a specific example.(Note: There is a specific physiological definition; don't just define "capacity" in general terms.)

Total cross-sectional area ________ with each division of the airways.

Distinguish between cellular and external respiration.

Describe the pleura and explain its role in respiration.

The ease with which the lungs stretch in response to changes in pressure is termed ________.

Match the lung capacity with its description. -the sum of all the lung volumes

In the lungs, an example of the body's reserve capacity is that

In quiet breathing,

Match the type of breathing with its description. -increased respiratory rate and/or volume without increased metabolism

Place the following structures of the respiratory tree in the order in which air passes through them. 1)secondary bronchi 2)bronchioles 3)primary bronchi 4)alveoli 5)terminal bronchioles

Ventilation is also known as

Blood vessels cover approximately ________% of the alveolar surface.

The lungs are located in the ________ cavity.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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