Question 1

​The rate and extent to which a vitamin is absorbed and used by the body is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​vitamin efficiency. 
B)  ​bioavailability. 
C)  ​fortification. 
D)  ​vitamin equivalency. 
E)  ​enzymatic destruction. 
A)  ​vitamin efficiency. 
B)  ​bioavailability. 
C)  ​fortification. 
D)  ​vitamin equivalency. 
E)  ​enzymatic destruction.

Question 2

Identify factors that can place people at risk for vitamin E deficiency and explain why.​

Accepted Answer

diseases that cause malabsorption of fat

Question 3

From the list below, choose the most reliable food source of vitamin D.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​whole grains 
B)  ​fortified breakfast cereal 
C)  ​yogurt 
D)  ​orange juice 
E)  ​raw skim milk 
A)  ​whole grains 
B)  ​fortified breakfast cereal 
C)  ​yogurt 
D)  ​orange juice 
E)  ​raw skim milk

Question 4

An excess of which of the following vitamins can cause excess calcium withdrawal from the bones?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​A 
B)  ​B6 
C)  ​B12 
D)  ​C 
E)  ​D 
A)  ​A 
B)  ​B6 
C)  ​B12 
D)  ​C 
E)  ​D

Question 5

Which of the following groups of phytochemicals includes lycopene?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​resveratrols 
B)  ​carotenoids 
C)  ​flavonoids 
D)  ​phytoestrogens 
E)  ​isothiocyanates 
A)  ​resveratrols 
B)  ​carotenoids 
C)  ​flavonoids 
D)  ​phytoestrogens 
E)  ​isothiocyanates

Question 6

​Ascorbic acid is another name for:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​niacin. 
B)  ​thiamin. 
C)  ​vitamin C. 
D)  ​vitamin B6. 
E)  ​vitamin E. 
A)  ​niacin. 
B)  ​thiamin. 
C)  ​vitamin C. 
D)  ​vitamin B6. 
E)  ​vitamin E.

Question 7

​Identify three ways vitamin D helps to maintain blood concentrations of calcium and phosphorus.

Accepted Answer

When the diet is sufficient, vitamin D e

Question 8

Vitamin B6:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​does not play a role in the metabolism of energy-yielding nutrients. 
B)  ​helps to regulate blood glucose. 
C)  ​is absorbed like the fat-soluble vitamins. 
D)  ​is only found in animal foods. 
E)  ​plays a major role in the formation of collagen. 
A)  ​does not play a role in the metabolism of energy-yielding nutrients. 
B)  ​helps to regulate blood glucose. 
C)  ​is absorbed like the fat-soluble vitamins. 
D)  ​is only found in animal foods. 
E)  ​plays a major role in the formation of collagen.

Question 9

​Among fruits and vegetables, the best sources of beta-carotene are:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​green or yellow, like lettuce and corn. 
B)  ​dark green or deep orange, like broccoli and sweet potatoes. 
C)  ​green, like lettuce, peas, and snap beans. 
D)  ​brightly colored, like tomatoes and lemons. 
E)  ​white, like rice and potatoes. 
A)  ​green or yellow, like lettuce and corn. 
B)  ​dark green or deep orange, like broccoli and sweet potatoes. 
C)  ​green, like lettuce, peas, and snap beans. 
D)  ​brightly colored, like tomatoes and lemons. 
E)  ​white, like rice and potatoes.

Question 10

Matching
-​osteomalacia

Accepted Answer

A) the vitamin D-deficiency disease in children. 
B) a bone disease characterized by softening of the bones. 
C) literally, porous bones; reduced density of the bones. 
D) a vitamin B12-deficiency disease caused by lack of intrinsic factor and characterized by large, immature red blood cells and damage to the nervous system. 
E) rupture of the red blood cells, caused by vitamin E deficiency.
F)the vitamin K-deficiency disease in which blood fails to clot.
G)the thiamin-deficiency disease.
H)the niacin-deficiency disease.
I)malformations of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development.
J)a metabolic disease in which crystals of uric acid precipitate in the joints.
K)the vitamin C-deficiency disease.
L)a compound that protects other compounds from oxygen by itself reacting with oxygen.
M)highly reactive chemical forms that can cause destructive changes in nearby compounds, sometimes setting up a chain reaction.
N)the amount of niacin present in food, including the niacin that can theoretically be made from tryptophan, its precursor, present in the food. 
A) the vitamin D-deficiency disease in children. 
B) a bone disease characterized by softening of the bones. 
C) literally, porous bones; reduced density of the bones. 
D) a vitamin B12-deficiency disease caused by lack of intrinsic factor and characterized by large, immature red blood cells and damage to the nervous system. 
E) rupture of the red blood cells, caused by vitamin E deficiency.
F)the vitamin K-deficiency disease in which blood fails to clot.
G)the thiamin-deficiency disease.
H)the niacin-deficiency disease.
I)malformations of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development.
J)a metabolic disease in which crystals of uric acid precipitate in the joints.
K)the vitamin C-deficiency disease.
L)a compound that protects other compounds from oxygen by itself reacting with oxygen.
M)highly reactive chemical forms that can cause destructive changes in nearby compounds, sometimes setting up a chain reaction.
N)the amount of niacin present in food, including the niacin that can theoretically be made from tryptophan, its precursor, present in the food.

Question 11

The formation of collagen requires an adequate intake of:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​vitamin K. 
B)  ​vitamin E. 
C)  ​vitamin C. 
D)  ​folate. 
E)  ​biotin. 
A)  ​vitamin K. 
B)  ​vitamin E. 
C)  ​vitamin C. 
D)  ​folate. 
E)  ​biotin.

Question 12

The best way to reap the benefits of phytochemicals is by:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​eating a variety of plant foods. 
B)  ​taking a variety of supplements. 
C)  ​increasing your consumption of animal foods. 
D)  ​frequently consuming manufactured functional foods. 
E)  ​avoiding eggs. 
A)  ​eating a variety of plant foods. 
B)  ​taking a variety of supplements. 
C)  ​increasing your consumption of animal foods. 
D)  ​frequently consuming manufactured functional foods. 
E)  ​avoiding eggs.

Question 13

Matching
-free radicals​

Accepted Answer

A) the vitamin D-deficiency disease in children. 
B) a bone disease characterized by softening of the bones. 
C) literally, porous bones; reduced density of the bones. 
D) a vitamin B12-deficiency disease caused by lack of intrinsic factor and characterized by large, immature red blood cells and damage to the nervous system. 
E) rupture of the red blood cells, caused by vitamin E deficiency.
F)the vitamin K-deficiency disease in which blood fails to clot.
G)the thiamin-deficiency disease.
H)the niacin-deficiency disease.
I)malformations of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development.
J)a metabolic disease in which crystals of uric acid precipitate in the joints.
K)the vitamin C-deficiency disease.
L)a compound that protects other compounds from oxygen by itself reacting with oxygen.
M)highly reactive chemical forms that can cause destructive changes in nearby compounds, sometimes setting up a chain reaction.
N)the amount of niacin present in food, including the niacin that can theoretically be made from tryptophan, its precursor, present in the food. 
A) the vitamin D-deficiency disease in children. 
B) a bone disease characterized by softening of the bones. 
C) literally, porous bones; reduced density of the bones. 
D) a vitamin B12-deficiency disease caused by lack of intrinsic factor and characterized by large, immature red blood cells and damage to the nervous system. 
E) rupture of the red blood cells, caused by vitamin E deficiency.
F)the vitamin K-deficiency disease in which blood fails to clot.
G)the thiamin-deficiency disease.
H)the niacin-deficiency disease.
I)malformations of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development.
J)a metabolic disease in which crystals of uric acid precipitate in the joints.
K)the vitamin C-deficiency disease.
L)a compound that protects other compounds from oxygen by itself reacting with oxygen.
M)highly reactive chemical forms that can cause destructive changes in nearby compounds, sometimes setting up a chain reaction.
N)the amount of niacin present in food, including the niacin that can theoretically be made from tryptophan, its precursor, present in the food.

Question 14

Which vitamin is synthesized in the intestine by bacteria?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​vitamin A 
B)  ​vitamin C 
C)  ​vitamin D 
D)  ​vitamin E 
E)  ​vitamin K 
A)  ​vitamin A 
B)  ​vitamin C 
C)  ​vitamin D 
D)  ​vitamin E 
E)  ​vitamin K

Question 15

Vitamin D can be made in the body with the help of:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​bacteria. 
B)  ​tryptophan. 
C)  ​vitamin A. 
D)  ​sunlight. 
E)  ​exercise. 
A)  ​bacteria. 
B)  ​tryptophan. 
C)  ​vitamin A. 
D)  ​sunlight. 
E)  ​exercise.

Question 16

Which of the following would not be considered a fat-soluble vitamin?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​vitamin A 
B)  ​vitamin C 
C)  ​vitamin D 
D)  ​vitamin E 
E)  ​vitamin K 
A)  ​vitamin A 
B)  ​vitamin C 
C)  ​vitamin D 
D)  ​vitamin E 
E)  ​vitamin K

Question 17

Which form of vitamin A is involved in gene expression?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​retinoic acid 
B)  ​retinol 
C)  ​retinal 
D)  ​retinol-binding protein 
E)  ​opsin 
A)  ​retinoic acid 
B)  ​retinol 
C)  ​retinal 
D)  ​retinol-binding protein 
E)  ​opsin

Question 18

For each of the following vitamins, identify its chief functions in the body, the symptoms characteristic of a deficiency, and significant food sources.​

Accepted Answer

a. thiamin- part of a coenzyme used in e

Question 19

In which of the following is vitamin A least likely to be involved?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​maintaining healthy epithelial tissues. 
B)  ​maintaining healthy eye tissues. 
C)  ​fighting infection. 
D)  ​releasing energy from the energy-yielding nutrients. 
E)  ​sperm development 
A)  ​maintaining healthy epithelial tissues. 
B)  ​maintaining healthy eye tissues. 
C)  ​fighting infection. 
D)  ​releasing energy from the energy-yielding nutrients. 
E)  ​sperm development

Question 20

Many of the symptoms of vitamin A deficiency, such as blindness and an increase in respiratory infections, are related to the role of vitamin A in:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​blood clotting. 
B)  ​synthesis of visual pigments. 
C)  ​controlling osteoclast and osteoblast activity. 
D)  ​synthesis of hormones. 
E)  ​maintaining the epithelial cells. 
A)  ​blood clotting. 
B)  ​synthesis of visual pigments. 
C)  ​controlling osteoclast and osteoblast activity. 
D)  ​synthesis of hormones. 
E)  ​maintaining the epithelial cells.

Exam 8: The Vitamins

​The rate and extent to which a vitamin is absorbed and used by the body is called:

Identify factors that can place people at risk for vitamin E deficiency and explain why.​

From the list below, choose the most reliable food source of vitamin D.​

An excess of which of the following vitamins can cause excess calcium withdrawal from the bones?​

Which of the following groups of phytochemicals includes lycopene?​

​Ascorbic acid is another name for:

​Identify three ways vitamin D helps to maintain blood concentrations of calcium and phosphorus.

Vitamin B6:​

​Among fruits and vegetables, the best sources of beta-carotene are:

Matching -​osteomalacia

The formation of collagen requires an adequate intake of:​

The best way to reap the benefits of phytochemicals is by:​

Matching -free radicals​

Which vitamin is synthesized in the intestine by bacteria?​

Vitamin D can be made in the body with the help of:​

Which of the following would not be considered a fat-soluble vitamin?​

Which form of vitamin A is involved in gene expression?​

For each of the following vitamins, identify its chief functions in the body, the symptoms characteristic of a deficiency, and significant food sources.​

In which of the following is vitamin A least likely to be involved?​

Many of the symptoms of vitamin A deficiency, such as blindness and an increase in respiratory infections, are related to the role of vitamin A in:​

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management - Overweight and Underweight

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Pregnancy and Infancy

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition - Cancer - and HIV Infection

Filters

The rate and extent to which a vitamin is absorbed and used by the body is called:

Identify factors that can place people at risk for vitamin E deficiency and explain why.

From the list below, choose the most reliable food source of vitamin D.

An excess of which of the following vitamins can cause excess calcium withdrawal from the bones?

Which of the following groups of phytochemicals includes lycopene?

Ascorbic acid is another name for:

Identify three ways vitamin D helps to maintain blood concentrations of calcium and phosphorus.

Vitamin B6:

Among fruits and vegetables, the best sources of beta-carotene are:

Matching -osteomalacia

The formation of collagen requires an adequate intake of:

The best way to reap the benefits of phytochemicals is by:

Matching -free radicals

Which vitamin is synthesized in the intestine by bacteria?

Vitamin D can be made in the body with the help of:

Which of the following would not be considered a fat-soluble vitamin?

Which form of vitamin A is involved in gene expression?

For each of the following vitamins, identify its chief functions in the body, the symptoms characteristic of a deficiency, and significant food sources.

In which of the following is vitamin A least likely to be involved?

Many of the symptoms of vitamin A deficiency, such as blindness and an increase in respiratory infections, are related to the role of vitamin A in: