Question 1

What is the major extracellular anion? ​

Accepted Answer

A) sodium 
B) lactate 
C) sulfate 
D) chloride 
A) sodium 
B) lactate 
C) sulfate 
D) chloride

Question 2

What is a general property of the minerals?

Accepted Answer

A) When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash. 
B) Absorption efficiency from foods is similar among the minerals. 
C) Minerals in food can be degraded by certain processing methods. 
D) Some minerals in food are destroyed by exposure to ultraviolet light. 
A) When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash. 
B) Absorption efficiency from foods is similar among the minerals. 
C) Minerals in food can be degraded by certain processing methods. 
D) Some minerals in food are destroyed by exposure to ultraviolet light.

Question 3

Approximately how much water (pounds)is found in a 134-lb person? ​

Accepted Answer

A) ​34 
B) ​65 
C) ​80 
D) ​105 
A) ​34 
B) ​65 
C) ​80 
D) ​105

Question 4

How much sodium is contained in a fast-food deluxe hamburger that lists a salt content of 2.5 g? ​

Accepted Answer

A) 100 mg 
B) 125 mg 
C) 1000 mg 
D) 2500 mg 
A) 100 mg 
B) 125 mg 
C) 1000 mg 
D) 2500 mg

Question 5

What is a feature of osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A) It is most common in men over 45 years of age. 
B) It has virtually no effect on blood calcium levels. 
C) It results from short-term deprivation of dietary calcium. 
D) It causes significant alterations in the blood levels of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. 
A) It is most common in men over 45 years of age. 
B) It has virtually no effect on blood calcium levels. 
C) It results from short-term deprivation of dietary calcium. 
D) It causes significant alterations in the blood levels of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin.

Question 6

What are the differences among the mineral components of hard water, soft water, distilled water, and filtered water? ​

Accepted Answer

Hard water contains a high calcium and m

Question 7

What is the force that moves water into a space where a solute is more concentrated? ​

Accepted Answer

A) buffer action 
B) osmotic pressure 
C) permeable selectivity 
D) electrolyte imbalance 
A) buffer action 
B) osmotic pressure 
C) permeable selectivity 
D) electrolyte imbalance

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: assists in nerve transmission

Accepted Answer

The Answer of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium and calcium is...

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: increases blood calcium levels when it gets too low

Accepted Answer

The Answer of antidiuretic hormone and parathyroid hormone and aldosterone is...

Question 10

Which foods are significant sources of oxalates? ​

Accepted Answer

A) seeds and nuts 
B) processed cheeses 
C) fermented dairy products 
D) spinach and sweet potatoes 
A) seeds and nuts 
B) processed cheeses 
C) fermented dairy products 
D) spinach and sweet potatoes

Question 11

What is the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

A) a cell membrane protein that uses energy to pump sodium into the cell 
B) a cell membrane protein that uses energy to pump sodium out of the cell 
C) a mechanism present throughout interstitial fluid for draining sodium from the circulation 
D) a mechanism present in the kidneys that exchanges sodium with lactic acid in order to regulate organic acid concentration 
A) a cell membrane protein that uses energy to pump sodium into the cell 
B) a cell membrane protein that uses energy to pump sodium out of the cell 
C) a mechanism present throughout interstitial fluid for draining sodium from the circulation 
D) a mechanism present in the kidneys that exchanges sodium with lactic acid in order to regulate organic acid concentration

Question 12

Which statement is a characteristic of caffeine intake and water balance? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Caffeine inhibits water absorption from the GI tract. 
B) Caffeine is known to act as a diuretic only when consumed as coffee or tea. 
C) Regular intake of caffeine promotes an increase in water retention of the interstitial fluid volume. 
D) Habitual consumers of caffeine lose almost no more fluid from the body than when ingesting noncaffeinated beverages. 
A) Caffeine inhibits water absorption from the GI tract. 
B) Caffeine is known to act as a diuretic only when consumed as coffee or tea. 
C) Regular intake of caffeine promotes an increase in water retention of the interstitial fluid volume. 
D) Habitual consumers of caffeine lose almost no more fluid from the body than when ingesting noncaffeinated beverages.

Question 13

What organ provides the major control for homeostasis of body fluids? ​

Accepted Answer

A) liver 
B) heart 
C) kidneys 
D) skeletal muscle 
A) liver 
B) heart 
C) kidneys 
D) skeletal muscle

Question 14

At what age does a person reach his/her highest bone density?

Accepted Answer

A) ​18 
B) ​30 
C) ​55 
D) ​70 
A) ​18 
B) ​30 
C) ​55 
D) ​70

Question 15

What is a feature of physical activity and bone health?

Accepted Answer

A) Dancing is not an effective activity for helping maintain bone density. 
B) Weight training improves bone density in young but not older women. 
C) Working the muscles places stress on bones, which promotes bone density. 
D) Weight-bearing activities are effective in maintaining bone mass in adults but not in adolescents. 
A) Dancing is not an effective activity for helping maintain bone density. 
B) Weight training improves bone density in young but not older women. 
C) Working the muscles places stress on bones, which promotes bone density. 
D) Weight-bearing activities are effective in maintaining bone mass in adults but not in adolescents.

Question 16

What is a risk of consuming calcium supplements above the UL? ​

Accepted Answer

A) calcium tetany 
B) atrophic gastritis 
C) vitamin D deficiency 
D) kidney stone formation 
A) calcium tetany 
B) atrophic gastritis 
C) vitamin D deficiency 
D) kidney stone formation

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: stabilizes shape of proteins

Accepted Answer

The Answer of calcium and phosphorus and sodium and potassium is...

Question 18

Which calcium supplement is most likely to be contaminated with toxic minerals? ​

Accepted Answer

A) oyster shells 
B) calcium lactate 
C) calcium citrate 
D) calcium carbonate 
A) oyster shells 
B) calcium lactate 
C) calcium citrate 
D) calcium carbonate

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: lowers blood calcium levels when it gets too high

Accepted Answer

The Answer of parathyroid hormone and antidiuretic hormone and angiotensin is...

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: maintenance of teeth

Accepted Answer

The Answer of sodium and potassium and calcium, magnesium, potassium, is...

Exam 12: Water and the Major Minerals

What is the major extracellular anion? ​

What is a general property of the minerals?

Approximately how much water (pounds)is found in a 134-lb person? ​

How much sodium is contained in a fast-food deluxe hamburger that lists a salt content of 2.5 g? ​

What is a feature of osteoporosis?

What are the differences among the mineral components of hard water, soft water, distilled water, and filtered water? ​

What is the force that moves water into a space where a solute is more concentrated? ​

Which foods are significant sources of oxalates? ​

What is the sodium-potassium pump?

Which statement is a characteristic of caffeine intake and water balance? ​

What organ provides the major control for homeostasis of body fluids? ​

At what age does a person reach his/her highest bone density?

What is a feature of physical activity and bone health?

What is a risk of consuming calcium supplements above the UL? ​

Which calcium supplement is most likely to be contaminated with toxic minerals? ​

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

What is the major extracellular anion?

Approximately how much water (pounds)is found in a 134-lb person?

How much sodium is contained in a fast-food deluxe hamburger that lists a salt content of 2.5 g?

What are the differences among the mineral components of hard water, soft water, distilled water, and filtered water?

What is the force that moves water into a space where a solute is more concentrated?

Which foods are significant sources of oxalates?

Which statement is a characteristic of caffeine intake and water balance?

What organ provides the major control for homeostasis of body fluids?

What is a risk of consuming calcium supplements above the UL?

Which calcium supplement is most likely to be contaminated with toxic minerals?