Question 1

The maintenance of constant internal conditions by the body's control systems is called "________."

Accepted Answer

The answer of The maintenance of constant internal conditions by...

Question 2

What substance is secreted by the gallbladder to emulsify fats?

Accepted Answer

A)  bile 
B)  mucus 
C)  pepsinogen 
D)  digestive enzymes 
E)  gastrin 
A)  bile 
B)  mucus 
C)  pepsinogen 
D)  digestive enzymes 
E)  gastrin

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT contained in pancreatic juice?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis 
B)  carbohydrase 
C)  lipase 
D)  protease 
E)  bicarbonate 
A)  hydrolysis 
B)  carbohydrase 
C)  lipase 
D)  protease 
E)  bicarbonate

Question 4

Which statement about gastrointestinal microbes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The GI tract is home to about 100 trillion microbes. 
B)  Obese people have more diverse microbe populations than do nonobese people. 
C)  Few microbes can live in the stomach. 
D)  GI microbiota play a crucial role in health. 
E)  GI microbiota change in response to short-term and long-term dietary patterns. 
A)  The GI tract is home to about 100 trillion microbes. 
B)  Obese people have more diverse microbe populations than do nonobese people. 
C)  Few microbes can live in the stomach. 
D)  GI microbiota play a crucial role in health. 
E)  GI microbiota change in response to short-term and long-term dietary patterns.

Question 5

What do sphincter muscles do?

Accepted Answer

A)  control peristalsis 
B)  mix food with saliva 
C)  secrete digestive juices into the GI tract 
D)  regulate the flow of food particles along the GI tract 
E)  trigger hormone release 
A)  control peristalsis 
B)  mix food with saliva 
C)  secrete digestive juices into the GI tract 
D)  regulate the flow of food particles along the GI tract 
E)  trigger hormone release

Question 6

Which of the following organs does NOT provide secretions to aid in digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  appendix 
B)  stomach 
C)  salivary glands 
D)  liver 
E)  pancreas 
A)  appendix 
B)  stomach 
C)  salivary glands 
D)  liver 
E)  pancreas

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a muscular action of digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  segmentation 
B)  sphincter contractions 
C)  peristalsis 
D)  stomach action 
E)  salivation 
A)  segmentation 
B)  sphincter contractions 
C)  peristalsis 
D)  stomach action 
E)  salivation

Question 8

A high-fiber diet can reduce pressure in the rectal veins and help prevent ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reflux 
B)  hiccups 
C)  hemorrhoids 
D)  peptic ulcers 
E)  vomiting 
A)  reflux 
B)  hiccups 
C)  hemorrhoids 
D)  peptic ulcers 
E)  vomiting

Question 9

Choking occurs when food slips into the ________ and completely blocks passageways.

Accepted Answer

A)  pharynx 
B)  larynx 
C)  trachea 
D)  esophagus 
E)  diaphragm 
A)  pharynx 
B)  larynx 
C)  trachea 
D)  esophagus 
E)  diaphragm

Question 10

Which term describes fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols that are commonly found in wheat, onions, some fruits and vegetables, sorbitol, and some dairy?

Accepted Answer

A)  antacids 
B)  diverticula 
C)  gluten 
D)  fodmap 
E)  pepsis 
A)  antacids 
B)  diverticula 
C)  gluten 
D)  fodmap 
E)  pepsis

Question 11

The lymphatic system collects fluid from tissues throughout the body and directs its flow toward the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  liver 
B)  heart 
C)  spleen 
D)  pancreas 
E)  gallbladder 
A)  liver 
B)  heart 
C)  spleen 
D)  pancreas 
E)  gallbladder

Question 12

The exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste materials takes place across ________ walls.

Accepted Answer

A)  ducts 
B)  venule 
C)  aortic 
D)  capillary 
E)  lymph vessel 
A)  ducts 
B)  venule 
C)  aortic 
D)  capillary 
E)  lymph vessel

Question 13

Which of the following slows GI motility?

Accepted Answer

A)  gastrin 
B)  secretin 
C)  prozymogen 
D)  cholecystokinin 
E)  insulin 
A)  gastrin 
B)  secretin 
C)  prozymogen 
D)  cholecystokinin 
E)  insulin

Question 14

What is the name of the projections found on the inner surface of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  villi 
B)  cilia 
C)  mesenteric vessels 
D)  vascular projectiles 
A)  villi 
B)  cilia 
C)  mesenteric vessels 
D)  vascular projectiles

Question 15

List and describe the three major hormones involved in digestion and absorption. Include what each responds to, where each is secreted from, what each stimulates, and the response to each stimulus.

Accepted Answer

Food entering the stomach stimulates cel

Question 16

What does gastrin do?

Accepted Answer

A)  It stimulates the pancreas to secret bicarbonate-rich juices into the small intestine to maintain a slightly alkaline pH. 
B)  It stimulates stomach glands to release the components of hydrochloric acid to maintain an acidic pH. 
C)  It stimulates the gallbladder to secret bile into the duodenum to emulsify fats. 
D)  It stimulates the pancreas to secret enzyme-rich juices to digest fats and proteins. 
E)  It stimulates the pancreas to secret enzyme-rich juices to slow GI tract motility 
A)  It stimulates the pancreas to secret bicarbonate-rich juices into the small intestine to maintain a slightly alkaline pH. 
B)  It stimulates stomach glands to release the components of hydrochloric acid to maintain an acidic pH. 
C)  It stimulates the gallbladder to secret bile into the duodenum to emulsify fats. 
D)  It stimulates the pancreas to secret enzyme-rich juices to digest fats and proteins. 
E)  It stimulates the pancreas to secret enzyme-rich juices to slow GI tract motility

Question 17

Bacteria in the GI tract also produce ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mucus 
B)  several minerals 
C)  glucose 
D)  several vitamins 
E)  energy 
A)  mucus 
B)  several minerals 
C)  glucose 
D)  several vitamins 
E)  energy

Question 18

Define bolus .

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme that hydrolyzes starch 
B)  portion of food swallowed at one time 
C)  liver enzymes 
D)  sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine 
A)  enzyme that hydrolyzes starch 
B)  portion of food swallowed at one time 
C)  liver enzymes 
D)  sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine

Question 19

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by the inflammation of the small intestine that occurs in response to foods that contain ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gluten 
B)  collagen 
C)  whey 
D)  elastin 
E)  keratin 
A)  gluten 
B)  collagen 
C)  whey 
D)  elastin 
E)  keratin

Question 20

Define "mastication."

Accepted Answer

A)  the act of chewing 
B)  the process of swallowing 
C)  the wavelike contraction of the intestines 
D)  the contraction of the esophagus 
A)  the act of chewing 
B)  the process of swallowing 
C)  the wavelike contraction of the intestines 
D)  the contraction of the esophagus

Exam 3: Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The maintenance of constant internal conditions by the body's control systems is called "________."

What substance is secreted by the gallbladder to emulsify fats?

Which of the following is NOT contained in pancreatic juice?

Which statement about gastrointestinal microbes is FALSE?

What do sphincter muscles do?

Which of the following organs does NOT provide secretions to aid in digestion?

Which of the following is NOT a muscular action of digestion?

A high-fiber diet can reduce pressure in the rectal veins and help prevent ________.

Choking occurs when food slips into the ________ and completely blocks passageways.

Which term describes fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols that are commonly found in wheat, onions, some fruits and vegetables, sorbitol, and some dairy?

The lymphatic system collects fluid from tissues throughout the body and directs its flow toward the ________.

The exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste materials takes place across ________ walls.

Which of the following slows GI motility?

What is the name of the projections found on the inner surface of the small intestine?

List and describe the three major hormones involved in digestion and absorption. Include what each responds to, where each is secreted from, what each stimulates, and the response to each stimulus.

What does gastrin do?

Bacteria in the GI tract also produce ________.

Define bolus .

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by the inflammation of the small intestine that occurs in response to foods that contain ________.

Define "mastication."

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches, and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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