Question 1

The events of ________ are initiated at sequences called origins.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication 
B)  translation 
C)  splicing 
D)  transcription 
E)  transposition 
A)  DNA replication 
B)  translation 
C)  splicing 
D)  transcription 
E)  transposition

Question 2

The bacterial chromosome is

Accepted Answer

A)  usually found in the cytoplasm. 
B)  found in a nucleoid. 
C)  found in a nucleus. 
D)  both circular and found in a nucleoid. 
E)  both circular and found in a nucleus. 
A)  usually found in the cytoplasm. 
B)  found in a nucleoid. 
C)  found in a nucleus. 
D)  both circular and found in a nucleoid. 
E)  both circular and found in a nucleus.

Question 3

Which of the following statements concerning transcription in bacteria is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs in the nucleoid region. 
B)  Sigma factors are parts of RNA polymerase that recognize promoter regions. 
C)  Different RNA polymerases are required for synthesis of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA. 
D)  Termination is either self-induced or due to the presence of Rho protein. 
E)  There are a variety of sigma factors that affect transcription. 
A)  It occurs in the nucleoid region. 
B)  Sigma factors are parts of RNA polymerase that recognize promoter regions. 
C)  Different RNA polymerases are required for synthesis of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA. 
D)  Termination is either self-induced or due to the presence of Rho protein. 
E)  There are a variety of sigma factors that affect transcription.

Question 4

In conjugation, F⁺ cells

Accepted Answer

A)  serve as recipient cells. 
B)  contain an F plasmid. 
C)  do not have conjugation pili. 
D)  can transfer DNA only to other F⁺ cells. 
E)  contain "jumping genes." 
A)  serve as recipient cells. 
B)  contain an F plasmid. 
C)  do not have conjugation pili. 
D)  can transfer DNA only to other F⁺ cells. 
E)  contain "jumping genes."

Question 5

The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA strands during DNA replication is (topoisomerase/primase/helicase).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA...

Question 6

Codons are recognized during

Accepted Answer

A)  translation. 
B)  transcription. 
C)  base excision. 
D)  DNA replication. 
E)  transduction. 
A)  translation. 
B)  transcription. 
C)  base excision. 
D)  DNA replication. 
E)  transduction.

Question 7

A point mutation can be completely harmless, or it can result in the death of a cell or organism. Explain why these types of mutations can have such varying effects.

Accepted Answer

A point mutation is a single base change

Question 8

Semiconservative DNA replication means that

Accepted Answer

A)  each daughter DNA molecule is composed of one original strand and one new strand. 
B)  nucleotides are constantly being recycled as cells make DNA. 
C)  the cell can proofread its newly synthesized DNA only part of the time. 
D)  the sequence of a DNA molecule is preserved as it is being replicated. 
E)  each strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule is replicated differently. 
A)  each daughter DNA molecule is composed of one original strand and one new strand. 
B)  nucleotides are constantly being recycled as cells make DNA. 
C)  the cell can proofread its newly synthesized DNA only part of the time. 
D)  the sequence of a DNA molecule is preserved as it is being replicated. 
E)  each strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule is replicated differently.

Question 9

Which of the following are considered to be frameshift mutations?

Accepted Answer

A)  insertions only 
B)  inversions only 
C)  deletions only 
D)  both inversion and insertions 
E)  both deletions and insertions 
A)  insertions only 
B)  inversions only 
C)  deletions only 
D)  both inversion and insertions 
E)  both deletions and insertions

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of bacterial plasmids?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are always found in the nucleoid. 
B)  They can replicate autonomously. 
C)  They carry genes for essential metabolic functions. 
D)  They are small circular DNA molecules. 
E)  They are small circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously. 
A)  They are always found in the nucleoid. 
B)  They can replicate autonomously. 
C)  They carry genes for essential metabolic functions. 
D)  They are small circular DNA molecules. 
E)  They are small circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously.

Question 11

A (missense/nonsense/silent) mutation of a gene usually produces a nonfunctional polypeptide.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A (missense/nonsense/silent) mutation of a gene usually...

Question 12

Describe the various types of nucleic acids that are typically found in cells.

Accepted Answer

All cells possess one or more DNA molecu

Question 13

DNA is composed of four nucleotides, A, C, G and T. Each codon is composed of three nucleotides. The number of possible codons is

Accepted Answer

A)  16. 
B)  4. 
C)  12. 
D)  64. 
E)  32. 
A)  16. 
B)  4. 
C)  12. 
D)  64. 
E)  32.

Question 14

Which of the following processes occurs in eukaryotes but not prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication 
B)  capping 
C)  transcription 
D)  translation 
E)  gene regulation 
A)  DNA replication 
B)  capping 
C)  transcription 
D)  translation 
E)  gene regulation

Question 15

A(n) (operon/codon/gene) is a specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a protein or an RNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) (operon/codon/gene) is a specific sequence of...

Question 16

Errors made during replication are primarily corrected by (base-excision/mismatch/nucleotide-excision) repair.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Errors made during replication are primarily corrected...

Question 17

Compare and contrast the lactose operon with the tryptophan operon.

Accepted Answer

Both the lactose and the tryptophan oper

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by DNA and RNA polymerases?

Accepted Answer

A)  efficiency of proofreading 
B)  type of nucleotides used 
C)  direction of polymerization 
D)  speed 
E)  dependence on helicase 
A)  efficiency of proofreading 
B)  type of nucleotides used 
C)  direction of polymerization 
D)  speed 
E)  dependence on helicase

Question 19

Nucleotide analog mutagens cause (deletion/frameshift/point) mutations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nucleotide analog mutagens cause (deletion/frameshift/point) mutations....

Question 20

In generalized transduction, viruses carry random DNA sequences from one cell to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

The events of ________ are initiated at sequences called origins.

The bacterial chromosome is

Which of the following statements concerning transcription in bacteria is FALSE?

In conjugation, F⁺ cells

The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA strands during DNA replication is (topoisomerase/primase/helicase).

Codons are recognized during

A point mutation can be completely harmless, or it can result in the death of a cell or organism. Explain why these types of mutations can have such varying effects.

Semiconservative DNA replication means that

Which of the following are considered to be frameshift mutations?

Which of the following statements is true of bacterial plasmids?

A (missense/nonsense/silent) mutation of a gene usually produces a nonfunctional polypeptide.

Describe the various types of nucleic acids that are typically found in cells.

DNA is composed of four nucleotides, A, C, G and T. Each codon is composed of three nucleotides. The number of possible codons is

Which of the following processes occurs in eukaryotes but not prokaryotes?

A(n) (operon/codon/gene) is a specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a protein or an RNA molecule.

Errors made during replication are primarily corrected by (base-excision/mismatch/nucleotide-excision) repair.

Compare and contrast the lactose operon with the tryptophan operon.

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by DNA and RNA polymerases?

Nucleotide analog mutagens cause (deletion/frameshift/point) mutations.

In generalized transduction, viruses carry random DNA sequences from one cell to another.

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes

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