Question 1

The (codon/anticodon/loop) of a transfer RNA molecule is complementary to a codon in a messenger RNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

anticodon

Question 2

The structure of DNA explains both its ability to encode genetic information and the way in which it is copied during cell reproduction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Which of the following processes is involved in the "central dogma" of genetics?

Accepted Answer

A)  translation only 
B)  transcription only 
C)  DNA replication only 
D)  transcription and translation 
E)  DNA replication and translation 
A)  translation only 
B)  transcription only 
C)  DNA replication only 
D)  transcription and translation 
E)  DNA replication and translation D

Question 4

Which of the following is characteristic of prokaryotic genomes but not eukaryotic genomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  histones 
B)  circular chromosomes 
C)  linear chromosomes 
D)  enclosed in a nuclear membrane 
E)  typically consist of a few to several chromosomes 
A)  histones 
B)  circular chromosomes 
C)  linear chromosomes 
D)  enclosed in a nuclear membrane 
E)  typically consist of a few to several chromosomes

Question 5

The phenotype of an organism reflects only part of its genotype.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The term "semiconservative replication" means that both strands of a DNA molecule are a mix of newly replicated and original template DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A(n) (genome/codon/operon) is a set of prokaryotic genes that are regulated and transcribed as a unit.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) (genome/codon/operon) is a set of prokaryotic...

Question 8

Which of the following is found in both archaeal and eukaryotic genomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  chromatin fibers 
B)  histones 
C)  heterochromatin 
D)  euchromatin 
E)  nuclear envelope 
A)  chromatin fibers 
B)  histones 
C)  heterochromatin 
D)  euchromatin 
E)  nuclear envelope

Question 9

Which of the following is found at the 5' end of a DNA strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  a phosphate group 
B)  a hydrogen bond 
C)  a hydroxyl group 
D)  histones 
E)  a methyl group 
A)  a phosphate group 
B)  a hydrogen bond 
C)  a hydroxyl group 
D)  histones 
E)  a methyl group

Question 10

You observe a microbiologist examining two plates and notice the pattern of colonies are nearly identical with the exception of a few colonies that are absent on one of them. The plates likely were produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  positive selection culturing. 
B)  replica plating. 
C)  pour plating. 
D)  streak plating. 
E)  the Ames test. 
A)  positive selection culturing. 
B)  replica plating. 
C)  pour plating. 
D)  streak plating. 
E)  the Ames test.

Question 11

While studying a bacterial strain, a scientist notes a short DNA sequence between inverted repeats is present in both the chromosome and a plasmid within the cell. This sequence is most likely a(n) (phage/transposon/F plasmid).

Accepted Answer

The answer of While studying a bacterial strain, a scientist...

Question 12

Loosely packed, transcriptionally active regions of a eukaryotic chromosome are called (euchromatin/heterochromatin/nucleosomes).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Loosely packed, transcriptionally active regions of a...

Question 13

RNA polymerase is primarily responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  transformation. 
E)  polyadenylation. 
A)  DNA replication. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  transformation. 
E)  polyadenylation.

Question 14

The process indicated by the arrow in Figure 7.1 represents

Accepted Answer

A)  lagging strand synthesis. 
B)  leading strand synthesis. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  translation. 
E)  recombination. 
A)  lagging strand synthesis. 
B)  leading strand synthesis. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  translation. 
E)  recombination.

Question 15

Transfer of random pieces of DNA mediated by phage is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  transformation of competent cells. 
B)  generalized transduction. 
C)  conjugation. 
D)  transposition. 
E)  specialized transduction. 
A)  transformation of competent cells. 
B)  generalized transduction. 
C)  conjugation. 
D)  transposition. 
E)  specialized transduction.

Question 16

Two bacterial strains have the same genes for metabolizing a carbohydrate, but one is wild-type for a regulatory inducer while the other does not produce the inducer. Which of the following statements is CORRECT with regard to the metabolism of the bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  The two bacterial strains have the same phenotype. 
B)  The two bacterial strains have different phenotypes. 
C)  The genotypes and phenotypes of the two bacterial strains are the same. 
D)  The two bacterial strains have the same phenotype but have different genotypes. 
E)  The answer cannot be determined from the information provided. 
A)  The two bacterial strains have the same phenotype. 
B)  The two bacterial strains have different phenotypes. 
C)  The genotypes and phenotypes of the two bacterial strains are the same. 
D)  The two bacterial strains have the same phenotype but have different genotypes. 
E)  The answer cannot be determined from the information provided.

Question 17

The modified amino acid fMet is essential for

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial translation. 
B)  bacterial transcription. 
C)  eukaryotic transcription. 
D)  eukaryotic translation. 
E)  eukaryotic mRNA processing. 
A)  bacterial translation. 
B)  bacterial transcription. 
C)  eukaryotic transcription. 
D)  eukaryotic translation. 
E)  eukaryotic mRNA processing.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT involved in the regulation of the lac operon?

Accepted Answer

A)  an inducer 
B)  a repressor protein 
C)  an iRNA 
D)  glucose 
E)  cyclic AMP 
A)  an inducer 
B)  a repressor protein 
C)  an iRNA 
D)  glucose 
E)  cyclic AMP

Question 19

The process of ________ is described as semiconservative.

Accepted Answer

A)  translation 
B)  transcription 
C)  mismatch repair 
D)  transformation 
E)  DNA replication 
A)  translation 
B)  transcription 
C)  mismatch repair 
D)  transformation 
E)  DNA replication

Question 20

Which of the following is both a codon for an amino acid and a start signal?

Accepted Answer

A)  AAA 
B)  AUG 
C)  UAG 
D)  GAU 
E)  UGA 
A)  AAA 
B)  AUG 
C)  UAG 
D)  GAU 
E)  UGA

Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

The (codon/anticodon/loop) of a transfer RNA molecule is complementary to a codon in a messenger RNA molecule.

The structure of DNA explains both its ability to encode genetic information and the way in which it is copied during cell reproduction.

Which of the following processes is involved in the "central dogma" of genetics?

Which of the following is characteristic of prokaryotic genomes but not eukaryotic genomes?

The phenotype of an organism reflects only part of its genotype.

The term "semiconservative replication" means that both strands of a DNA molecule are a mix of newly replicated and original template DNA.

A(n) (genome/codon/operon) is a set of prokaryotic genes that are regulated and transcribed as a unit.

Which of the following is found in both archaeal and eukaryotic genomes?

Which of the following is found at the 5' end of a DNA strand?

You observe a microbiologist examining two plates and notice the pattern of colonies are nearly identical with the exception of a few colonies that are absent on one of them. The plates likely were produced by

While studying a bacterial strain, a scientist notes a short DNA sequence between inverted repeats is present in both the chromosome and a plasmid within the cell. This sequence is most likely a(n) (phage/transposon/F plasmid).

Loosely packed, transcriptionally active regions of a eukaryotic chromosome are called (euchromatin/heterochromatin/nucleosomes).

RNA polymerase is primarily responsible for

The process indicated by the arrow in Figure 7.1 represents

Transfer of random pieces of DNA mediated by phage is known as

Two bacterial strains have the same genes for metabolizing a carbohydrate, but one is wild-type for a regulatory inducer while the other does not produce the inducer. Which of the following statements is CORRECT with regard to the metabolism of the bacteria?

The modified amino acid fMet is essential for

Which of the following is NOT involved in the regulation of the lac operon?

The process of ________ is described as semiconservative.

Which of the following is both a codon for an amino acid and a start signal?

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes

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