Question 1

Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of ________ chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple linear 
B)  multiple circular 
C)  a single circular 
D)  a single linear 
E)  both linear and circular 
A)  multiple linear 
B)  multiple circular 
C)  a single circular 
D)  a single linear 
E)  both linear and circular

Question 2

The horizontal transfer process known as transduction

Accepted Answer

A)  involves a virus. 
B)  requires a pilus. 
C)  requires a cell to be "competent." 
D)  requires a plasmid. 
E)  involves a mutagen. 
A)  involves a virus. 
B)  requires a pilus. 
C)  requires a cell to be "competent." 
D)  requires a plasmid. 
E)  involves a mutagen.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Okazaki fragments?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are checked for accuracy by DNA polymerase III. 
B)  They make up the lagging strand of replicated DNA. 
C)  They begin with an RNA primer. 
D)  They are joined together by DNA ligase. 
E)  They are longer in eukaryotic cells. 
A)  They are checked for accuracy by DNA polymerase III. 
B)  They make up the lagging strand of replicated DNA. 
C)  They begin with an RNA primer. 
D)  They are joined together by DNA ligase. 
E)  They are longer in eukaryotic cells.

Question 4

Which of the following types of plasmids allows a bacterial cell to kill its competitors?

Accepted Answer

A)  virulence plasmids 
B)  fertility plasmids 
C)  bacteriocin plasmids 
D)  resistance plasmids 
E)  cryptic plasmids 
A)  virulence plasmids 
B)  fertility plasmids 
C)  bacteriocin plasmids 
D)  resistance plasmids 
E)  cryptic plasmids

Question 5

Which of the following causes mutations by creating thymine dimers?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotide analogs 
B)  nitrous acid 
C)  ultraviolet light 
D)  benzopyrene 
E)  gamma rays 
A)  nucleotide analogs 
B)  nitrous acid 
C)  ultraviolet light 
D)  benzopyrene 
E)  gamma rays

Question 6

A chemical is reported to inhibit bacterial replication. Bacterial cells are placed in medium with all nutrients necessary for replication. The chemical is added to the culture, and after a half hour an extract of the DNA is prepared. A significant percentage of the DNA is in pieces about 1000 to 2000 bases in length. The results are consistent with the chemical blocking the function of DNA ligase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of both DNA and RNA polymerases?

Accepted Answer

A)  directionality of synthesis 
B)  energy is provided by pyrophosphate 
C)  hydrogen bonding of complementary nucleotides 
D)  requirement for an initiation signal 
E)  requirement for a primer 
A)  directionality of synthesis 
B)  energy is provided by pyrophosphate 
C)  hydrogen bonding of complementary nucleotides 
D)  requirement for an initiation signal 
E)  requirement for a primer

Question 8

The Ames test demonstrates that a chemical is

Accepted Answer

A)  carcinogenic. 
B)  carcinogenic in Salmonella. 
C)  mutagenic in Salmonella. 
D)  carcinogenic in humans. 
E)  mutagenic in humans. 
A)  carcinogenic. 
B)  carcinogenic in Salmonella. 
C)  mutagenic in Salmonella. 
D)  carcinogenic in humans. 
E)  mutagenic in humans.

Question 9

DNA, which is negatively charged, wraps around positively charged histones as part of the packaging of eukaryotic chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Nucleotide analogs cause frameshift mutations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The chemical 5-bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine, making it a(n) (analog/nucleotide/precursor) of thymine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemical 5-bromouracil mimics the chemical structure...

Question 12

Frederick Griffith discovered

Accepted Answer

A)  transformation. 
B)  transposons. 
C)  the lac operon. 
D)  DNA. 
E)  conjugation. 
A)  transformation. 
B)  transposons. 
C)  the lac operon. 
D)  DNA. 
E)  conjugation.

Question 13

The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/traits/chromosomes).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The phenotype of an organism is its...

Question 14

Which of the following is involved in translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  rRNA only 
B)  tRNA only 
C)  mRNA only 
D)  both mRNA and tRNA 
E)  mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are all involved. 
A)  rRNA only 
B)  tRNA only 
C)  mRNA only 
D)  both mRNA and tRNA 
E)  mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are all involved.

Question 15

A bacterial genome is typically

Accepted Answer

A)  a single linear piece of DNA. 
B)  multiple linear pieces of DNA. 
C)  a linear RNA molecule. 
D)  a single circular DNA molecule. 
E)  multiple circular DNA molecules. 
A)  a single linear piece of DNA. 
B)  multiple linear pieces of DNA. 
C)  a linear RNA molecule. 
D)  a single circular DNA molecule. 
E)  multiple circular DNA molecules.

Question 16

The (leading/lagging/replicating) strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The (leading/lagging/replicating) strand is the DNA strand...

Question 17

Which of the following DNA repair processes is most likely to introduce mutations into the repaired DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  base-excision repair 
B)  light repair 
C)  single-strand repair 
D)  mismatch repair 
E)  SOS response repair 
A)  base-excision repair 
B)  light repair 
C)  single-strand repair 
D)  mismatch repair 
E)  SOS response repair

Question 18

Amino acids are delivered in their appropriate order by

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNAs. 
B)  RNA-induced silencing complexes (RIS
C) . 
C)  ribozymes. 
D)  rRNAs. 
E)  tRNAs. 
A)  mRNAs. 
B)  RNA-induced silencing complexes (RIS
C) . 
C)  ribozymes. 
D)  rRNAs. 
E)  tRNAs.

Question 19

During elongation, a charged tRNA first enters the ribosomal ________ site and then moves into the ________ site.

Accepted Answer

A)  A; E 
B)  P; A 
C)  P; E 
D)  A; P 
E)  E; A 
A)  A; E 
B)  P; A 
C)  P; E 
D)  A; P 
E)  E; A

Question 20

Prokaryotic operons typically include a(n) ________ and a(n) ________ with multiple genes.

Accepted Answer

A)  operator; terminator 
B)  operator; promoter 
C)  promoter; repressor 
D)  inducer; repressor 
E)  CAP-binding site; inducer 
A)  operator; terminator 
B)  operator; promoter 
C)  promoter; repressor 
D)  inducer; repressor 
E)  CAP-binding site; inducer

Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of ________ chromosomes.

The horizontal transfer process known as transduction

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Okazaki fragments?

Which of the following types of plasmids allows a bacterial cell to kill its competitors?

Which of the following causes mutations by creating thymine dimers?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of both DNA and RNA polymerases?

The Ames test demonstrates that a chemical is

DNA, which is negatively charged, wraps around positively charged histones as part of the packaging of eukaryotic chromosomes.

Nucleotide analogs cause frameshift mutations.

The chemical 5-bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine, making it a(n) (analog/nucleotide/precursor) of thymine.

Frederick Griffith discovered

The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/traits/chromosomes).

Which of the following is involved in translation?

A bacterial genome is typically

The (leading/lagging/replicating) strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.

Which of the following DNA repair processes is most likely to introduce mutations into the repaired DNA?

Amino acids are delivered in their appropriate order by

During elongation, a charged tRNA first enters the ribosomal ________ site and then moves into the ________ site.

Prokaryotic operons typically include a(n) ________ and a(n) ________ with multiple genes.

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes

Filters

During elongation, a charged tRNA first enters the ribosomal site and then moves into the site.

Prokaryotic operons typically include a(n) and a(n) with multiple genes.