Question 1

Which of the following laboratory analyses would the respiratory therapist possibly conduct, using a sample of pleural fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Determination of the causative microorganism 
B)  pH determination 
C)  Determination that the effusion is an exudate or a transudate 
D)  Composition testing 
A)  Determination of the causative microorganism 
B)  pH determination 
C)  Determination that the effusion is an exudate or a transudate 
D)  Composition testing B

Question 2

What type of auscultatory and percussion findings often reveal evidence of a pleural effusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wheezing; hyperresonance 
B)  Crackles; bronchovesicular 
C)  Crackles; dull 
D)  Diminished; dull 
A)  Wheezing; hyperresonance 
B)  Crackles; bronchovesicular 
C)  Crackles; dull 
D)  Diminished; dull D

Question 3

Which of the following conditions is considered a complication of a thoracentesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased intracranial pressure 
B)  Pneumothorax 
C)  Pneumonia 
D)  Consolidation 
A)  Increased intracranial pressure 
B)  Pneumothorax 
C)  Pneumonia 
D)  Consolidation B

Question 4

Excessive amounts of pleural fluid may require drainage through a chest tube. What is the normal amount of fluid present in the pleural space?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 L 
B)  5 to 10 L 
C)  10 to 50 mL 
D)  1 to 5 mL 
A)  1 L 
B)  5 to 10 L 
C)  10 to 50 mL 
D)  1 to 5 mL

Question 5

Fluid drained from a thoracentesis has the appearance of pus. Which of the following microorganisms should the therapist typically suspect in children with empyema?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 6

Which of the following factors determines the amount of fluid present in the pleural space?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intracapillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  Subatmospheric pressure in the pleural space 
C)  Pleural pressure 
D)  Intra-alveolar pressure 
A)  Intracapillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  Subatmospheric pressure in the pleural space 
C)  Pleural pressure 
D)  Intra-alveolar pressure

Question 7

Which of the following clinical conditions causes fluid to accumulate in the pleural space?

Accepted Answer

A)  Congestive heart failure 
B)  Asthma 
C)  Cor pulmonale 
D)  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 
A)  Congestive heart failure 
B)  Asthma 
C)  Cor pulmonale 
D)  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 8

The therapist is assessing a water seal and a collection chamber and observes bubbling in the water seal chamber. What should the therapist do at this time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nothing because bubbling indicates normal function 
B)  Increase the suction pressure 
C)  Reassess the patient because bubbling indicates presence of air leak 
D)  Remove the chest tube 
A)  Nothing because bubbling indicates normal function 
B)  Increase the suction pressure 
C)  Reassess the patient because bubbling indicates presence of air leak 
D)  Remove the chest tube

Question 9

Which of the following are the most common symptoms associated with pneumothorax?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cough and headache 
B)  Shortness of breath and chest pain 
C)  Hemoptysis and chest pain 
D)  Dry cough and dyspnea 
A)  Cough and headache 
B)  Shortness of breath and chest pain 
C)  Hemoptysis and chest pain 
D)  Dry cough and dyspnea

Question 10

When a pleural effusion is suspected, which of the following body positions are radiographs generally taken?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anteroposterior (AP) recumbent 
B)  Posteroanterior (P
A)  recumbent 
C)  Fowler 
D)  Lateral decubitus 
A)  Anteroposterior (AP) recumbent 
B)  Posteroanterior (P
A)  recumbent 
C)  Fowler 
D)  Lateral decubitus

Question 11

What procedure should the therapist suggest to relieve a tension pneumothorax while awaiting more definitive treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insertion of thoracostomy tubes 
B)  Thoracotomy 
C)  Thoracentesis with a large-bore needle 
D)  Needle thoracostomy 
A)  Insertion of thoracostomy tubes 
B)  Thoracotomy 
C)  Thoracentesis with a large-bore needle 
D)  Needle thoracostomy

Question 12

Which of the following clinical symptoms is associated with a pleural effusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chest pain 
B)  Productive cough 
C)  Dyspnea 
D)  Dysphagia 
A)  Chest pain 
B)  Productive cough 
C)  Dyspnea 
D)  Dysphagia

Question 13

What is the most common cause of pleural effusion in the pediatric population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Empyema 
B)  Congestive heart failure 
C)  Parapneumonic effusion 
D)  Adenobacterial effusion 
A)  Empyema 
B)  Congestive heart failure 
C)  Parapneumonic effusion 
D)  Adenobacterial effusion

Question 14

Which of the following mechanisms explains the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space of patients with ARDS?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased capillary permeability 
B)  Decreased osmotic pressure 
C)  Increased hydrostatic pressure 
D)  Obstructed lymphatic drainage 
A)  Increased capillary permeability 
B)  Decreased osmotic pressure 
C)  Increased hydrostatic pressure 
D)  Obstructed lymphatic drainage

Exam 32: Disorders of the Pleura

Which of the following laboratory analyses would the respiratory therapist possibly conduct, using a sample of pleural fluid?

What type of auscultatory and percussion findings often reveal evidence of a pleural effusion?

Which of the following conditions is considered a complication of a thoracentesis?

Excessive amounts of pleural fluid may require drainage through a chest tube. What is the normal amount of fluid present in the pleural space?

Fluid drained from a thoracentesis has the appearance of pus. Which of the following microorganisms should the therapist typically suspect in children with empyema?

Which of the following factors determines the amount of fluid present in the pleural space?

Which of the following clinical conditions causes fluid to accumulate in the pleural space?

The therapist is assessing a water seal and a collection chamber and observes bubbling in the water seal chamber. What should the therapist do at this time?

Which of the following are the most common symptoms associated with pneumothorax?

When a pleural effusion is suspected, which of the following body positions are radiographs generally taken?

What procedure should the therapist suggest to relieve a tension pneumothorax while awaiting more definitive treatment?

Which of the following clinical symptoms is associated with a pleural effusion?

What is the most common cause of pleural effusion in the pediatric population?

Which of the following mechanisms explains the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space of patients with ARDS?

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