Question 1

What is the meaning of the word plasticity when used to describe brain damage in infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  The infant's brain has the ability to absorb more energy per square centimeter than the adult brain. 
B)  The infant's brain is more rigid than the adult brain up to 2 years of age. 
C)  The infant's brain is capable of transferring functions from damaged to undamaged regions. 
D)  The brain of an infant has the ability to completely replace damaged neurons with new neurons. 
A)  The infant's brain has the ability to absorb more energy per square centimeter than the adult brain. 
B)  The infant's brain is more rigid than the adult brain up to 2 years of age. 
C)  The infant's brain is capable of transferring functions from damaged to undamaged regions. 
D)  The brain of an infant has the ability to completely replace damaged neurons with new neurons. C

Question 2

Which of the following conditions often results as a complication among survivors of submersion injury?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pneumonia 
B)  Acute respiratory distress syndrome 
C)  Empyema 
D)  Hypersensitivity pneumonitis 
A)  Pneumonia 
B)  Acute respiratory distress syndrome 
C)  Empyema 
D)  Hypersensitivity pneumonitis B

Question 3

Which of the following anatomic considerations in children are important to better understand trauma in this age group?
I. Children have less body fat.
II. Children have a small surface area relative to volume.
III. Children's skeletons are more pliable.
IV. Children have a greater distribution of force per unit body area of smaller body mass.

Accepted Answer

A)  I and III only 
B)  II and IV only 
C)  I, II, and III only 
D)  I, III, and IV only 
A)  I and III only 
B)  II and IV only 
C)  I, II, and III only 
D)  I, III, and IV only D

Question 4

What is the cause for a ball valve-type obstruction in a patient with an inhalation injury?

Accepted Answer

A)  Edema 
B)  Inactivation of surfactant 
C)  Particles inhaled during the fire 
D)  Sloughing of the tracheobronchial mucosa 
A)  Edema 
B)  Inactivation of surfactant 
C)  Particles inhaled during the fire 
D)  Sloughing of the tracheobronchial mucosa

Question 5

What is the leading cause of smoke-related deaths?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient's inability to protect airway 
B)  Carbon monoxide poisoning 
C)  Extensive burns 
D)  Decreasing pulmonary compliance 
A)  The patient's inability to protect airway 
B)  Carbon monoxide poisoning 
C)  Extensive burns 
D)  Decreasing pulmonary compliance

Question 6

Which of the following medications are used to treat patients who have inhalation injury?
I. Antibiotics
II. Inhaled heparin
III. Racemic epinephrine
IV. N-Acetylcysteine

Accepted Answer

A)  II and IV only 
B)  I, II, and III only 
C)  I, III, and IV only 
D)  II, III, and IV only 
A)  II and IV only 
B)  I, II, and III only 
C)  I, III, and IV only 
D)  II, III, and IV only

Question 7

What should be the least amount of time required to rewarm a hypothermic near-drowning victim who has a core temperature of 29°C in the emergency department?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 hour 
B)  2 hours 
C)  4 hours 
D)  6 hours 
A)  1 hour 
B)  2 hours 
C)  4 hours 
D)  6 hours

Question 8

What is the purpose of the "rule of nines"?

Accepted Answer

A)  To categorize the degree of burn injury 
B)  To triage the body to determine which area demands immediate attention 
C)  To estimate the percent body surface area burned 
D)  To ascertain the percent of skin grafting needed 
A)  To categorize the degree of burn injury 
B)  To triage the body to determine which area demands immediate attention 
C)  To estimate the percent body surface area burned 
D)  To ascertain the percent of skin grafting needed

Question 9

In the emergency room, a patient with smoke inhalation injury will tend to display which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chest radiograph demonstrating focal infiltrates 
B)  Soot around the mouth 
C)  Wheezing 
D)  Mucoid sputum 
A)  Chest radiograph demonstrating focal infiltrates 
B)  Soot around the mouth 
C)  Wheezing 
D)  Mucoid sputum

Question 10

Which of the following factors provide infants and young children protection against head trauma by allowing a degree of expansion of the cranial volume?
I. Reduced cranial weight
II. Less cranial ossification
III. Presence of fontanels
IV. Presence of flat bones

Accepted Answer

A)  I and III only 
B)  II and III only 
C)  I, II, and IV only 
D)  II, III, and IV only 
A)  I and III only 
B)  II and III only 
C)  I, II, and IV only 
D)  II, III, and IV only

Question 11

What is the most effective means of rewarming a near-drowning victim whose core temperature in the emergency room is 27°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radiant warmers 
B)  Heated aerosol therapy 
C)  Extracorporeal bypass 
D)  Mechanical ventilation with heated humidity 
A)  Radiant warmers 
B)  Heated aerosol therapy 
C)  Extracorporeal bypass 
D)  Mechanical ventilation with heated humidity

Question 12

Which of the following respiratory procedures must be used in a patient suspected of having direct cranial trauma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nasogastric tube insertion 
B)  Hypocapnia 
C)  Nasotracheal intubation 
D)  Oral airway insertion 
A)  Nasogastric tube insertion 
B)  Hypocapnia 
C)  Nasotracheal intubation 
D)  Oral airway insertion

Question 13

Which of the following is used to guide resuscitation efforts in the pediatric but patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Parkland formula 
B)  Berlin criteria 
C)  Glascow coma scale 
D)  A FAST exam 
A)  The Parkland formula 
B)  Berlin criteria 
C)  Glascow coma scale 
D)  A FAST exam

Question 14

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring has been initiated for a patient with brain injury. What level of pressure should the CPP be maintained at for an infant?

Accepted Answer

A)  90 mm Hg 
B)  70 mm Hg 
C)  50 mm Hg 
D)  40 mm Hg 
A)  90 mm Hg 
B)  70 mm Hg 
C)  50 mm Hg 
D)  40 mm Hg

Question 15

Why are children more susceptible to lung injury without fib fractures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children have a slower metabolite rate and lower oxygen demand. 
B)  Children have a higher functional residual capacity. 
C)  Children are more likely to fall. 
D)  Children have increased cartilage content with incomplete ossification of their ribs. 
A)  Children have a slower metabolite rate and lower oxygen demand. 
B)  Children have a higher functional residual capacity. 
C)  Children are more likely to fall. 
D)  Children have increased cartilage content with incomplete ossification of their ribs.

Question 16

What are the characteristics of direct thermal burns to the upper airway?
I. Edema
II. Hemorrhage
III. Ulceration
IV. Pseudomembranous casts

Accepted Answer

A)  IV only 
B)  I and II only 
C)  I, II, and III only 
D)  II, III, and IV only 
A)  IV only 
B)  I and II only 
C)  I, II, and III only 
D)  II, III, and IV only

Question 17

A respiratory therapist arrives at the scene of an accident to assist a victim of a motor vehicle accident. What would the best method to open the airway until a full assessment is completed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jaw thrust 
B)  Head tilt 
C)  Sniff position 
D)  Chin lift 
A)  Jaw thrust 
B)  Head tilt 
C)  Sniff position 
D)  Chin lift

Question 18

When mechanically ventilating a victim of inhalation injury, what tidal volume should the therapist initially recommend?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 to 6 mL/kg 
B)  6 to 8 mL/kg 
C)  8 to 10 mL/kg 
D)  10 to 12 mL/kg 
A)  4 to 6 mL/kg 
B)  6 to 8 mL/kg 
C)  8 to 10 mL/kg 
D)  10 to 12 mL/kg

Question 19

The definition of abdominal compartment syndrome is a pressure greater than _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 mm Hg 
B)  20 mm Hg 
C)  30 mm Hg 
D)  40 mm Hg 
A)  10 mm Hg 
B)  20 mm Hg 
C)  30 mm Hg 
D)  40 mm Hg

Question 20

Which of the following conditions results from the fracture of adjacent ribs in at least two places along the same ribs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pneumothorax 
B)  Respiratory alternans 
C)  Flail chest 
D)  Condochondritis 
A)  Pneumothorax 
B)  Respiratory alternans 
C)  Flail chest 
D)  Condochondritis

Exam 31: Pediatric Trauma

What is the meaning of the word plasticity when used to describe brain damage in infants?

Which of the following conditions often results as a complication among survivors of submersion injury?

What is the cause for a ball valve-type obstruction in a patient with an inhalation injury?

What is the leading cause of smoke-related deaths?

Which of the following medications are used to treat patients who have inhalation injury? I. Antibiotics II. Inhaled heparin III. Racemic epinephrine IV. N-Acetylcysteine

What should be the least amount of time required to rewarm a hypothermic near-drowning victim who has a core temperature of 29°C in the emergency department?

What is the purpose of the "rule of nines"?

In the emergency room, a patient with smoke inhalation injury will tend to display which of the following?

Which of the following factors provide infants and young children protection against head trauma by allowing a degree of expansion of the cranial volume? I. Reduced cranial weight II. Less cranial ossification III. Presence of fontanels IV. Presence of flat bones

What is the most effective means of rewarming a near-drowning victim whose core temperature in the emergency room is 27°C?

Which of the following respiratory procedures must be used in a patient suspected of having direct cranial trauma?

Which of the following is used to guide resuscitation efforts in the pediatric but patient?

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring has been initiated for a patient with brain injury. What level of pressure should the CPP be maintained at for an infant?

Why are children more susceptible to lung injury without fib fractures?

What are the characteristics of direct thermal burns to the upper airway? I. Edema II. Hemorrhage III. Ulceration IV. Pseudomembranous casts

A respiratory therapist arrives at the scene of an accident to assist a victim of a motor vehicle accident. What would the best method to open the airway until a full assessment is completed?

When mechanically ventilating a victim of inhalation injury, what tidal volume should the therapist initially recommend?

The definition of abdominal compartment syndrome is a pressure greater than _________.

Which of the following conditions results from the fracture of adjacent ribs in at least two places along the same ribs?

Fetal Lung Development

Fetal Gas Exchange and Circulation

Antenatal Assessment and High-Risk Delivery

Examination and Assessment of the Neonatal and Pediatric Patient

Pulmonary Function Testing and Bedside Pulmonary Mechanics

Radiographic Assessment

Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy

Invasive Blood Gas Analysis and Cardiovascular Monitoring

Noninvasive Monitoring in Neonatal and Pediatric Care

Oxygen Administration

Aerosols and Administration of Inhaled Medications

Airway Clearance Techniques and Hyperinflation Therapy

Airway Management

Surfactant Replacement Therapy

Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation and Continuous Positive Pressure of the Neonate

Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Infant and Child

Invasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Neonate and Pediatric Patient

Administration of Gas Mixtures

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Pharmacology

Thoracic Organ Transplantation

Neonatal Pulmonary Disorders

Surgical Disorders in Childhood That Affect Respiratory Care

Congenital Cardiac Defects

Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing

Pediatric Airway Disorders and Parenchymal Lung Diseases

Asthma

Cystic Fibrosis

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Shock

Disorders of the Pleura

Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders

Transport of Infants and Children

Home Care

Quality and Safety

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