Question 1

Aerenchyma is found in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex. 
B)  pericycle. 
C)  phloem. 
D)  xylem. 
E)  epidermis. 
A)  cortex. 
B)  pericycle. 
C)  phloem. 
D)  xylem. 
E)  epidermis.

Question 2

The presence of Casparian strips forces substances entering and leaving the vascular cylinder to pass through the protoplasts of ______ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  endodermal 
B)  epidermal 
C)  pericycle 
D)  xylem 
E)  phloem 
A)  endodermal 
B)  epidermal 
C)  pericycle 
D)  xylem 
E)  phloem

Question 3

Which of the following statements concerning roots is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some roots produce buds. 
B)  Some roots store food. 
C)  Some roots synthesize nicotine. 
D)  Some roots synthesize cytokinins. 
E)  Some roots contain an internal rhizosphere. 
A)  Some roots produce buds. 
B)  Some roots store food. 
C)  Some roots synthesize nicotine. 
D)  Some roots synthesize cytokinins. 
E)  Some roots contain an internal rhizosphere.

Question 4

The quiescent center contains cells that cease to divide when bordering meristematic cells are injured.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In roots, cork cambium arises in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  procambium. 
B)  phloem. 
C)  xylem. 
D)  endodermis. 
E)  pericycle. 
A)  procambium. 
B)  phloem. 
C)  xylem. 
D)  endodermis. 
E)  pericycle.

Question 6

The terms "diarch" and "triarch" refer to the number of xylem ridges in a root's vascular cylinder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

As the vascular cambium continues to divide during secondary growth of the root, most of the primary phloem:

Accepted Answer

A)  is crushed. 
B)  is pushed inward. 
C)  remains where it was produced. 
D)  differentiates into pericycle. 
E)  differentiates into xylem. 
A)  is crushed. 
B)  is pushed inward. 
C)  remains where it was produced. 
D)  differentiates into pericycle. 
E)  differentiates into xylem.

Question 8

In a woody root one meter in diameter, which tissue would NOT be present?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary xylem 
B)  secondary xylem 
C)  secondary phloem 
D)  epidermis 
E)  cork 
A)  primary xylem 
B)  secondary xylem 
C)  secondary phloem 
D)  epidermis 
E)  cork

Question 9

Primary phloem is located between the:

Accepted Answer

A)  epidermis and cortex. 
B)  endodermis and pericycle. 
C)  xylem and pith. 
D)  xylem ridges. 
E)  exodermis and endodermis. 
A)  epidermis and cortex. 
B)  endodermis and pericycle. 
C)  xylem and pith. 
D)  xylem ridges. 
E)  exodermis and endodermis.

Question 10

The protoxylem poles are located next to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  pith. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  exodermis. 
E)  endodermis. 
A)  pith. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  exodermis. 
E)  endodermis.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about supernumerary cambia in sugarbeet roots is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are types of additional cambia. 
B)  They are arranged in concentric rings. 
C)  They produce storage parenchyma. 
D)  They produce phloem toward the inside and xylem toward the outside. 
E)  They are responsible for most of the increase in thickness. 
A)  They are types of additional cambia. 
B)  They are arranged in concentric rings. 
C)  They produce storage parenchyma. 
D)  They produce phloem toward the inside and xylem toward the outside. 
E)  They are responsible for most of the increase in thickness.

Question 12

Most monocot roots lack secondary growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the exodermis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It apparently reduces water loss from the root. 
B)  It may contain cellulose. 
C)  It contains suberin lamellae. 
D)  It contains Casparian strips. 
E)  It is part of the epidermis. 
A)  It apparently reduces water loss from the root. 
B)  It may contain cellulose. 
C)  It contains suberin lamellae. 
D)  It contains Casparian strips. 
E)  It is part of the epidermis.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the quiescent center is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is located a short distance behind the apical meristem. 
B)  It may play an important role in the organization and development of the root. 
C)  It is a region that was mitotically active early in root development. 
D)  It is a relatively inactive region of the mature root apical meristem. 
E)  Quiescent centers isolated from maize can form whole roots in culture without first forming callus. 
A)  It is located a short distance behind the apical meristem. 
B)  It may play an important role in the organization and development of the root. 
C)  It is a region that was mitotically active early in root development. 
D)  It is a relatively inactive region of the mature root apical meristem. 
E)  Quiescent centers isolated from maize can form whole roots in culture without first forming callus.

Question 15

A stilt root is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  aerial root. 
B)  air root. 
C)  pneumatophore. 
D)  storage root. 
E)  valamen. 
A)  aerial root. 
B)  air root. 
C)  pneumatophore. 
D)  storage root. 
E)  valamen.

Question 16

At the center of most eudicot roots is:

Accepted Answer

A)  pith. 
B)  protoxylem. 
C)  metaxylem. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  air. 
A)  pith. 
B)  protoxylem. 
C)  metaxylem. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  air.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about border cells is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are the peripheral cells of the root cap. 
B)  They are programmed to separate from the root cap and from each other. 
C)  They remain alive in the soil as individual cells. 
D)  They protect the apical meristem from infection. 
E)  They produce a similar array of proteins during their lifetime. 
A)  They are the peripheral cells of the root cap. 
B)  They are programmed to separate from the root cap and from each other. 
C)  They remain alive in the soil as individual cells. 
D)  They protect the apical meristem from infection. 
E)  They produce a similar array of proteins during their lifetime.

Question 18

In most trees, 10 percent of their roots are located in the upper 2 feet of soil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In roots, the vascular cambium arises from the:

Accepted Answer

A)  procambium only. 
B)  endodermis only. 
C)  pericycle only. 
D)  procambium and pericycle only. 
E)  procambium, endodermis, and pericycle. 
A)  procambium only. 
B)  endodermis only. 
C)  pericycle only. 
D)  procambium and pericycle only. 
E)  procambium, endodermis, and pericycle.

Question 20

In an "open type" of root apical meristem, all regions arise from one group of initials.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: The Root: Structure and Development

Aerenchyma is found in the:

The presence of Casparian strips forces substances entering and leaving the vascular cylinder to pass through the protoplasts of ______ cells.

Which of the following statements concerning roots is FALSE?

The quiescent center contains cells that cease to divide when bordering meristematic cells are injured.

In roots, cork cambium arises in the:

The terms "diarch" and "triarch" refer to the number of xylem ridges in a root's vascular cylinder.

As the vascular cambium continues to divide during secondary growth of the root, most of the primary phloem:

In a woody root one meter in diameter, which tissue would NOT be present?

Primary phloem is located between the:

The protoxylem poles are located next to the:

Which of the following statements about supernumerary cambia in sugarbeet roots is FALSE?

Most monocot roots lack secondary growth.

Which of the following statements about the exodermis is FALSE?

Which of the following statements about the quiescent center is FALSE?

A stilt root is an example of a(n):

At the center of most eudicot roots is:

Which of the following statements about border cells is FALSE?

In most trees, 10 percent of their roots are located in the upper 2 feet of soil.

In roots, the vascular cambium arises from the:

In an "open type" of root apical meristem, all regions arise from one group of initials.

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

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