Question 1

The nucleolus is the structure in which ______ are formed.

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear pores 
B)  chromosomes 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  units of endoplasmic reticulum 
E)  portions of the nuclear envelope 
A)  nuclear pores 
B)  chromosomes 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  units of endoplasmic reticulum 
E)  portions of the nuclear envelope C

Question 2

Chromosomes lengthen and become indistinct during:

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase. 
B)  metaphase. 
C)  prophase. 
D)  interphase. 
E)  telophase. 
A)  anaphase. 
B)  metaphase. 
C)  prophase. 
D)  interphase. 
E)  telophase. E

Question 3

The alignment of cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall is controlled by:

Accepted Answer

A)  cortical microtubules. 
B)  nuclear microtubules. 
C)  cortical actin filaments. 
D)  nuclear actin filaments. 
E)  cell wall actin filaments. 
A)  cortical microtubules. 
B)  nuclear microtubules. 
C)  cortical actin filaments. 
D)  nuclear actin filaments. 
E)  cell wall actin filaments. A

Question 4

Sister chromatids become daughter chromosomes at the beginning of:

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase. 
B)  metaphase. 
C)  anaphase. 
D)  telophase. 
E)  interphase. 
A)  prophase. 
B)  metaphase. 
C)  anaphase. 
D)  telophase. 
E)  interphase.

Question 5

In the cell cycle, interphase consists of:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitosis and cytokinesis. 
B)  mitosis and the S phase. 
C)  the G1 and G2 phases. 
D)  the G2 and S phases. 
E)  the G1, G2, and S phases. 
A)  mitosis and cytokinesis. 
B)  mitosis and the S phase. 
C)  the G1 and G2 phases. 
D)  the G2 and S phases. 
E)  the G1, G2, and S phases.

Question 6

The ______ is the earliest manifestation of the mitotic spindle.

Accepted Answer

A)  preprophase band 
B)  prophase spindle 
C)  phragmosome 
D)  centrosome 
E)  phragmoplast 
A)  preprophase band 
B)  prophase spindle 
C)  phragmosome 
D)  centrosome 
E)  phragmoplast

Question 7

The cytoskeleton of plant cells consists of microtubules, actin filaments, and, in some cases, intermediate filaments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Proplastids that contain prolamellar bodies are called etioplasts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the primary wall is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is deposited before and during cell growth. 
B)  It may contain lignin, suberin, or cutin. 
C)  Actively dividing cells have only primary walls. 
D)  Some mature plant cells have only a primary wall. 
E)  It is usually of uniform thickness. 
A)  It is deposited before and during cell growth. 
B)  It may contain lignin, suberin, or cutin. 
C)  Actively dividing cells have only primary walls. 
D)  Some mature plant cells have only a primary wall. 
E)  It is usually of uniform thickness.

Question 10

Grana are stacks of ______ within chloroplasts.

Accepted Answer

A)  prolamellar bodies 
B)  thylakoids 
C)  stroma 
D)  carotenoids 
E)  etioplasts 
A)  prolamellar bodies 
B)  thylakoids 
C)  stroma 
D)  carotenoids 
E)  etioplasts

Question 11

______ are colorless plastids that are the precursors of other, more highly differentiated plastids.

Accepted Answer

A)  Leucoplasts 
B)  Chromoplasts 
C)  Amyloplasts 
D)  Proplastids 
E)  Chloroplasts 
A)  Leucoplasts 
B)  Chromoplasts 
C)  Amyloplasts 
D)  Proplastids 
E)  Chloroplasts

Question 12

During winter dormancy, root initials are most likely to be in the G0 phase of the cell cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In cells that enlarge in all directions more or less uniformly, microfibrils have been deposited perpendicular to the axis of elongation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Stretching of the cell wall can be prevented by the cross-linking of _____ with _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  pectins; calcium 
B)  the cytoskeleton; potassium 
C)  microtubules; oligosaccharins 
D)  hemicelluloses; phosphates 
E)  microfilaments; disulfide bridges 
A)  pectins; calcium 
B)  the cytoskeleton; potassium 
C)  microtubules; oligosaccharins 
D)  hemicelluloses; phosphates 
E)  microfilaments; disulfide bridges

Question 15

During ______, the nuclear envelopes and nucleoli re-form.

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  prophase 
D)  interphase 
E)  telophase 
A)  anaphase 
B)  metaphase 
C)  prophase 
D)  interphase 
E)  telophase

Question 16

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of cell wall layers, beginning with the outermost layer and progressing inward?

Accepted Answer

A)  middle lamella, primary wall, secondary wall 
B)  secondary wall, primary wall, middle lamella 
C)  secondary wall, middle lamella, primary wall 
D)  primary wall, middle lamella, secondary wall 
E)  middle lamella, secondary wall, primary wall 
A)  middle lamella, primary wall, secondary wall 
B)  secondary wall, primary wall, middle lamella 
C)  secondary wall, middle lamella, primary wall 
D)  primary wall, middle lamella, secondary wall 
E)  middle lamella, secondary wall, primary wall

Question 17

Which of the following statements concerning actin filaments is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are composed of protein subunits. 
B)  They lack distinct plus and minus ends. 
C)  They are involved with cell wall deposition. 
D)  They are involved with cytoplasmic streaming. 
E)  They are also called micofilaments. 
A)  They are composed of protein subunits. 
B)  They lack distinct plus and minus ends. 
C)  They are involved with cell wall deposition. 
D)  They are involved with cytoplasmic streaming. 
E)  They are also called micofilaments.

Question 18

A compound middle lamella may consist of the middle lamella, the two adjacent primary walls, and the first layer of the secondary wall of each cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Once tubulin molecules are joined together they cannot un-join.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Micelles are composed of cellulose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The nucleolus is the structure in which ______ are formed.

Chromosomes lengthen and become indistinct during:

The alignment of cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall is controlled by:

Sister chromatids become daughter chromosomes at the beginning of:

In the cell cycle, interphase consists of:

The ______ is the earliest manifestation of the mitotic spindle.

The cytoskeleton of plant cells consists of microtubules, actin filaments, and, in some cases, intermediate filaments.

Proplastids that contain prolamellar bodies are called etioplasts.

Which of the following statements about the primary wall is FALSE?

Grana are stacks of ______ within chloroplasts.

______ are colorless plastids that are the precursors of other, more highly differentiated plastids.

During winter dormancy, root initials are most likely to be in the G0 phase of the cell cycle.

In cells that enlarge in all directions more or less uniformly, microfibrils have been deposited perpendicular to the axis of elongation.

Stretching of the cell wall can be prevented by the cross-linking of _____ with _____.

During ______, the nuclear envelopes and nucleoli re-form.

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of cell wall layers, beginning with the outermost layer and progressing inward?

Which of the following statements concerning actin filaments is FALSE?

A compound middle lamella may consist of the middle lamella, the two adjacent primary walls, and the first layer of the secondary wall of each cell.

Once tubulin molecules are joined together they cannot un-join.

Micelles are composed of cellulose.

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

During winter dormancy, root initials are most likely to be in the G₀ phase of the cell cycle.

Stretching of the cell wall can be prevented by the cross-linking of _ with _.