Question 1

A testcross involves crossing an individual dominant for a particular trait with an individual heterozygous for that trait.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Which of the following statements about alleles is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are different forms of the same gene. 
B)  Interactions between alleles determine the characteristics of diploid organisms. 
C)  They occupy different sites on homologous chromosomes. 
D)  The site of an allele is called its locus. 
E)  Dominant alleles are represented by uppercase letters, recessive alleles by lowercase letters. 
A)  They are different forms of the same gene. 
B)  Interactions between alleles determine the characteristics of diploid organisms. 
C)  They occupy different sites on homologous chromosomes. 
D)  The site of an allele is called its locus. 
E)  Dominant alleles are represented by uppercase letters, recessive alleles by lowercase letters. C

Question 3

When you say that a plant is Gg for a particular trait you are referring to the genotype.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both homologs are present in a zygote. 
B)  One homolog comes from one parent and the other homolog from the other parent. 
C)  Homologs resemble each other in the kinds of hereditary information they contain. 
D)  Homologs resemble each other in size but not in shape. 
E)  Homologs constitute a member of a pair. 
A)  Both homologs are present in a zygote. 
B)  One homolog comes from one parent and the other homolog from the other parent. 
C)  Homologs resemble each other in the kinds of hereditary information they contain. 
D)  Homologs resemble each other in size but not in shape. 
E)  Homologs constitute a member of a pair.

Question 5

Which of the following statements concerning mutations is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutations may have favorable, unfavorable, or neutral effects. 
B)  In haploid organisms, the phenotype associated with a mutation is immediately exposed to the environment. 
C)  In diploid organisms, a mutation in one homolog may have less effect than if it occurred in both homologs. 
D)  Mutations provide the raw materials for evolutionary change. 
E)  The mutation rate in eukaryotes is about one mutant gene at a given locus per 2000 cell divisions. 
A)  Mutations may have favorable, unfavorable, or neutral effects. 
B)  In haploid organisms, the phenotype associated with a mutation is immediately exposed to the environment. 
C)  In diploid organisms, a mutation in one homolog may have less effect than if it occurred in both homologs. 
D)  Mutations provide the raw materials for evolutionary change. 
E)  The mutation rate in eukaryotes is about one mutant gene at a given locus per 2000 cell divisions.

Question 6

Sister chromatids become daughter chromosomes during:

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase II. 
B)  metaphase I. 
C)  anaphase I. 
D)  metaphase II. 
E)  anaphase II. 
A)  prophase II. 
B)  metaphase I. 
C)  anaphase I. 
D)  metaphase II. 
E)  anaphase II.

Question 7

If the allele for red flower color is dominant over the allele for white flower color, which of the following represents a cross between a white-flowered plant and a plant heterozygous for flower color?

Accepted Answer

A)  RR × RR 
B)  RR × Rr 
C)  RR × rr 
D)  Rr × Rr 
E)  Rr × rr 
A)  RR × RR 
B)  RR × Rr 
C)  RR × rr 
D)  Rr × Rr 
E)  Rr × rr

Question 8

Which of the following statements about asexual reproduction is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is also known as vegetative reproduction. 
B)  It results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. 
C)  It is common in higher plants. 
D)  Many plants reproduce asexually and sexually. 
E)  It increases the ability of a population to adapt to differing conditions. 
A)  It is also known as vegetative reproduction. 
B)  It results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. 
C)  It is common in higher plants. 
D)  Many plants reproduce asexually and sexually. 
E)  It increases the ability of a population to adapt to differing conditions.

Question 9

If we say that the phenotype of an individual is purple, we are saying that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the appearance of the individual is purple. 
B)  the genetic constitution of the individual is purple. 
C)  the individual is homozygous. 
D)  the individual is heterozygous. 
E)  purple is the dominant allele. 
A)  the appearance of the individual is purple. 
B)  the genetic constitution of the individual is purple. 
C)  the individual is homozygous. 
D)  the individual is heterozygous. 
E)  purple is the dominant allele.

Question 10

Consider the two traits, seed shape and seed color. R represents the allele for round seeds, r the allele for wrinkled seeds, Y the allele for yellow seeds, and y the allele for green seeds. What phenotypic ratio would you expect in the offspring of a cross between a plant with wrinkled green seeds and a plant heterozygous for both traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  nine round yellow: three round green: three wrinkled yellow: one wrinkled green 
B)  all round yellow 
C)  all wrinkled green 
D)  one round yellow: one round green: one wrinkled yellow: one wrinkled green 
E)  three round yellow: three round green: one wrinkled yellow: one wrinkled green 
A)  nine round yellow: three round green: three wrinkled yellow: one wrinkled green 
B)  all round yellow 
C)  all wrinkled green 
D)  one round yellow: one round green: one wrinkled yellow: one wrinkled green 
E)  three round yellow: three round green: one wrinkled yellow: one wrinkled green

Question 11

A cell that unites with another cell is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)  meiospore. 
B)  mitospore. 
C)  gamete. 
D)  diploid cell. 
E)  zygote. 
A)  meiospore. 
B)  mitospore. 
C)  gamete. 
D)  diploid cell. 
E)  zygote.

Question 12

The pairing of homologous chromosomes is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  synapsis. 
B)  chiasma. 
C)  crossing-over. 
D)  recombination. 
E)  bivalence. 
A)  synapsis. 
B)  chiasma. 
C)  crossing-over. 
D)  recombination. 
E)  bivalence.

Question 13

Alleles occupy different loci on homologous chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The greater the distance between two genes on a chromosome, the smaller is the chance that they will undergo crossing-over during meiosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Mendel became famous during his lifetime for his work that marked the beginning of modern genetics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The exchange of segments between nonhomologous chromosomes is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  deletion. 
B)  inversion. 
C)  duplication. 
D)  translocation. 
E)  point mutation. 
A)  deletion. 
B)  inversion. 
C)  duplication. 
D)  translocation. 
E)  point mutation.

Question 17

Crossing-over is the exchange of genetic material between the sister chromatids of a chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

If two genes are linked, then they are on the same chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

When a trait exhibits continuous variation in a population of organisms, it most likely is due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  one gene having multiple effects. 
B)  one allele not completely masking another allele. 
C)  several alleles of the same gene interacting. 
D)  one gene masking the effect of another gene. 
E)  several different genes interacting. 
A)  one gene having multiple effects. 
B)  one allele not completely masking another allele. 
C)  several alleles of the same gene interacting. 
D)  one gene masking the effect of another gene. 
E)  several different genes interacting.

Question 20

Which of the following is true of Mendel's second law but not his first law?

Accepted Answer

A)  The two alleles of a gene assort independently of the alleles of the other genes. 
B)  The two alleles of a gene separate from each other during the formation of gametes. 
C)  A plant heterozygous for a trait forms more gametes than a plant homozygous for that trait. 
D)  A plant homozygous for a trait forms more gametes than a plant heterozygous for that trait. 
E)  Alleles occupy the same locus on homologous chromosomes. 
A)  The two alleles of a gene assort independently of the alleles of the other genes. 
B)  The two alleles of a gene separate from each other during the formation of gametes. 
C)  A plant heterozygous for a trait forms more gametes than a plant homozygous for that trait. 
D)  A plant homozygous for a trait forms more gametes than a plant heterozygous for that trait. 
E)  Alleles occupy the same locus on homologous chromosomes.

Exam 8: Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

A testcross involves crossing an individual dominant for a particular trait with an individual heterozygous for that trait.

Which of the following statements about alleles is FALSE?

When you say that a plant is Gg for a particular trait you are referring to the genotype.

Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is FALSE?

Which of the following statements concerning mutations is FALSE?

Sister chromatids become daughter chromosomes during:

If the allele for red flower color is dominant over the allele for white flower color, which of the following represents a cross between a white-flowered plant and a plant heterozygous for flower color?

Which of the following statements about asexual reproduction is FALSE?

If we say that the phenotype of an individual is purple, we are saying that:

A cell that unites with another cell is called a:

The pairing of homologous chromosomes is called:

Alleles occupy different loci on homologous chromosomes.

The greater the distance between two genes on a chromosome, the smaller is the chance that they will undergo crossing-over during meiosis.

Mendel became famous during his lifetime for his work that marked the beginning of modern genetics.

The exchange of segments between nonhomologous chromosomes is called a(n):

Crossing-over is the exchange of genetic material between the sister chromatids of a chromosome.

If two genes are linked, then they are on the same chromosome.

When a trait exhibits continuous variation in a population of organisms, it most likely is due to:

Which of the following is true of Mendel's second law but not his first law?

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

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