Question 1

Exons are noncoding sequences of nucleotides that are present in genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Data obtained by Erwin Chargaff indicated that in DNA the ratio of nucleotides containing _________ to those containing _______ is approximately 1:1.

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine; cytosine 
B)  adenine; thymine 
C)  guanine; thymine 
D)  thymine; cytosine 
E)  guanine; adenine 
A)  adenine; cytosine 
B)  adenine; thymine 
C)  guanine; thymine 
D)  thymine; cytosine 
E)  guanine; adenine B

Question 3

In the ladder analogy of DNA structure, the sides of the ladder are composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars. 
B)  phosphates. 
C)  alternating sugars and phosphates. 
D)  alternating sugars and nitrogenous bases. 
E)  nitrogenous bases. 
A)  sugars. 
B)  phosphates. 
C)  alternating sugars and phosphates. 
D)  alternating sugars and nitrogenous bases. 
E)  nitrogenous bases. C

Question 4

Peptide bond formation on the ribosome is catalyzed by RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is to catalyze the synthesis of tRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When DNA is methylated, transcription is stimulated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

RNA contains ______ instead of the ______ found in DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine; thymine 
B)  uracil; thymine 
C)  adenine; uracil 
D)  guanine; cytosine 
E)  uracil; guanine 
A)  adenine; thymine 
B)  uracil; thymine 
C)  adenine; uracil 
D)  guanine; cytosine 
E)  uracil; guanine

Question 8

In a DNA molecule, the hydrogen bonds join:

Accepted Answer

A)  the paired nitrogenous bases. 
B)  sugars and phosphates. 
C)  sugars and nitrogenous bases. 
D)  phosphates and nitrogenous bases. 
E)  pairs of sugars. 
A)  the paired nitrogenous bases. 
B)  sugars and phosphates. 
C)  sugars and nitrogenous bases. 
D)  phosphates and nitrogenous bases. 
E)  pairs of sugars.

Question 9

Exons are segments of a gene that:

Accepted Answer

A)  are transcribed into segments of mRNA that are snipped out before translation. 
B)  occur in prokaryotic but not eukaryotic chromosomes. 
C)  consist of RNA rather than DNA nucleotides. 
D)  are not transcribed by RNA polymerase. 
E)  are translated into protein. 
A)  are transcribed into segments of mRNA that are snipped out before translation. 
B)  occur in prokaryotic but not eukaryotic chromosomes. 
C)  consist of RNA rather than DNA nucleotides. 
D)  are not transcribed by RNA polymerase. 
E)  are translated into protein.

Question 10

An aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase catalyzes the:

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment of a particular tRNA to mRNA. 
B)  binding of RNA polymerase to the terminator. 
C)  binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter. 
D)  attachment of a particular amino acid to a particular tRNA. 
E)  attachment of a particular tRNA to the ribosome. 
A)  attachment of a particular tRNA to mRNA. 
B)  binding of RNA polymerase to the terminator. 
C)  binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter. 
D)  attachment of a particular amino acid to a particular tRNA. 
E)  attachment of a particular tRNA to the ribosome.

Question 11

The most abundant interspersed repeat sequences are transposons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When DNA is methylated:

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription is repressed. 
B)  transcription is stimulated. 
C)  histone tails bind DNA. 
D)  histone tails are released from DNA. 
E)  histones are acetylated. 
A)  transcription is repressed. 
B)  transcription is stimulated. 
C)  histone tails bind DNA. 
D)  histone tails are released from DNA. 
E)  histones are acetylated.

Question 13

The role of ______ is to carry amino acids to the ribosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  protein 
A)  DNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  protein

Question 14

Which of the following statements concerning telomeres is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They consist of simple-sequence repeated DNA. 
B)  They are located at the ends of the chromosomes. 
C)  They serve as caps. 
D)  They are regions of active transcription. 
E)  They protect the chromosome from degradation. 
A)  They consist of simple-sequence repeated DNA. 
B)  They are located at the ends of the chromosomes. 
C)  They serve as caps. 
D)  They are regions of active transcription. 
E)  They protect the chromosome from degradation.

Question 15

Each strand in a DNA molecule:

Accepted Answer

A)  is bonded to two other strands. 
B)  has a 5′ end and a 3′ end. 
C)  has two 5′ ends. 
D)  has two 3′ ends. 
E)  is parallel to the other strand(s) but not antiparallel. 
A)  is bonded to two other strands. 
B)  has a 5′ end and a 3′ end. 
C)  has two 5′ ends. 
D)  has two 3′ ends. 
E)  is parallel to the other strand(s) but not antiparallel.

Question 16

The genetic code in prokaryotes is different from that in eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Polypeptides destined for membranes of the Golgi complex are synthesized on ribosomes:

Accepted Answer

A)  that are free in the cytosol. 
B)  attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  in the nucleus. 
D)  in mitochondria. 
E)  in plastids. 
A)  that are free in the cytosol. 
B)  attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  in the nucleus. 
D)  in mitochondria. 
E)  in plastids.

Question 18

An example of a noncoding RNA is tRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The process of translation results in the synthesis of:

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  mRNA. 
C)  tRNA. 
D)  rRNA. 
E)  protein. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  mRNA. 
C)  tRNA. 
D)  rRNA. 
E)  protein.

Question 20

In a cell of a multicellular organism:

Accepted Answer

A)  all enzymes are expressed continuously. 
B)  some genes are expressed continuously. 
C)  some genes are not expressed. 
D)  some genes are switched "on" at certain times. 
E)  some genes are switched "off" at certain times. 
A)  all enzymes are expressed continuously. 
B)  some genes are expressed continuously. 
C)  some genes are not expressed. 
D)  some genes are switched "on" at certain times. 
E)  some genes are switched "off" at certain times.

Exam 9: The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Exons are noncoding sequences of nucleotides that are present in genes.

Data obtained by Erwin Chargaff indicated that in DNA the ratio of nucleotides containing _________ to those containing _______ is approximately 1:1.

In the ladder analogy of DNA structure, the sides of the ladder are composed of:

Peptide bond formation on the ribosome is catalyzed by RNA.

The function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is to catalyze the synthesis of tRNA.

When DNA is methylated, transcription is stimulated.

RNA contains ______ instead of the ______ found in DNA.

In a DNA molecule, the hydrogen bonds join:

Exons are segments of a gene that:

An aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase catalyzes the:

The most abundant interspersed repeat sequences are transposons.

When DNA is methylated:

The role of ______ is to carry amino acids to the ribosomes.

Which of the following statements concerning telomeres is FALSE?

Each strand in a DNA molecule:

The genetic code in prokaryotes is different from that in eukaryotic cells.

Polypeptides destined for membranes of the Golgi complex are synthesized on ribosomes:

An example of a noncoding RNA is tRNA.

The process of translation results in the synthesis of:

In a cell of a multicellular organism:

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

Data obtained by Erwin Chargaff indicated that in DNA the ratio of nucleotides containing ___ to those containing _ is approximately 1:1.

RNA contains instead of the found in DNA.