Question 1

Before transcription is completed, a poly-A tail is added to the 3′ end of the mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following events is NOT part of the initiation stage of translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The smaller ribosomal subunit attaches to mRNA. 
B)  GTP is hydrolyzed. 
C)  The larger ribosomal subunit attaches to the smaller subunit. 
D)  fMet-tRNA binds at the P site. 
E)  The initiator tRNA is released from the E site. 
A)  The smaller ribosomal subunit attaches to mRNA. 
B)  GTP is hydrolyzed. 
C)  The larger ribosomal subunit attaches to the smaller subunit. 
D)  fMet-tRNA binds at the P site. 
E)  The initiator tRNA is released from the E site.

Question 3

An incoming aminoacyl-tRNA molecule binds to the ribosome at the ______ site.

Accepted Answer

A)  A (aminoacyl) 
B)  mRNA-binding 
C)  P (peptidyl) 
D)  E (exit) 
E)  promoter 
A)  A (aminoacyl) 
B)  mRNA-binding 
C)  P (peptidyl) 
D)  E (exit) 
E)  promoter

Question 4

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands only in the 5′ to 3′ direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following statements about simple-sequence repeated DNA segments is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are tandemly repeated. 
B)  They occur in telomeres. 
C)  They are dispersed throughout the DNA. 
D)  They occur in centromeres. 
E)  They have fewer than 10 base pairs. 
A)  They are tandemly repeated. 
B)  They occur in telomeres. 
C)  They are dispersed throughout the DNA. 
D)  They occur in centromeres. 
E)  They have fewer than 10 base pairs.

Question 6

The two strands of a DNA molecule are said to be antiparallel, each strand having its 5′ end at the same end of the molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The 5′ cap of mRNA serves to bind the mRNA molecule to the ribosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In the ladder molecule of a DNA molecule, the purine and pyrimidine bases comprise the sides of the ladder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Histone acetylation neutralizes the histone tails, and consequently transcription is repressed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In DNA replication, _______ catalyzes the joining of Okazaki fragments.

Accepted Answer

A)  single-strand binding protein 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  histone 
D)  DNA polymerase 
E)  helicase 
A)  single-strand binding protein 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  histone 
D)  DNA polymerase 
E)  helicase

Question 11

In a plant, root cells have the same genetic composition as leaf cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

After a DNA molecule "unzips," the two strands are kept separated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  single-strand binding proteins. 
B)  DNA polymerase. 
C)  DNA ligase. 
D)  helicases. 
E)  telomerase. 
A)  single-strand binding proteins. 
B)  DNA polymerase. 
C)  DNA ligase. 
D)  helicases. 
E)  telomerase.

Question 13

During the elongation stage of translation:

Accepted Answer

A)  the two ribosomal subunits separate. 
B)  a polysome forms. 
C)  release factors bind at the A site. 
D)  fMet-tRNA binds to the initiation codon. 
E)  a peptide bond is formed. 
A)  the two ribosomal subunits separate. 
B)  a polysome forms. 
C)  release factors bind at the A site. 
D)  fMet-tRNA binds to the initiation codon. 
E)  a peptide bond is formed.

Question 14

The complementarity of the two strands of DNA is a direct result of A pairing only with T and C pairing only with G.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following are complementary bases?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine and cytosine 
B)  adenine and guanine 
C)  thymine and cytosine 
D)  guanine and cytosine 
E)  thymine and guanine 
A)  adenine and cytosine 
B)  adenine and guanine 
C)  thymine and cytosine 
D)  guanine and cytosine 
E)  thymine and guanine

Question 16

Which of the following statements concerning noncoding RNAs is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are types of tRNA molecules. 
B)  They are present in most eukaryotic genomes. 
C)  Some are responsible for striking developmental abnormalities. 
D)  An example is microRNA. 
E)  Some are responsible for RNA interference. 
A)  They are types of tRNA molecules. 
B)  They are present in most eukaryotic genomes. 
C)  Some are responsible for striking developmental abnormalities. 
D)  An example is microRNA. 
E)  Some are responsible for RNA interference.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about promoters is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are specific nucleotide sequences of DNA. 
B)  They consist of three nucleotides that bind to a codon. 
C)  They determine the position where RNA synthesis begins. 
D)  They determine which DNA strand is used as a template. 
E)  They are binding sites for RNA polymerase. 
A)  They are specific nucleotide sequences of DNA. 
B)  They consist of three nucleotides that bind to a codon. 
C)  They determine the position where RNA synthesis begins. 
D)  They determine which DNA strand is used as a template. 
E)  They are binding sites for RNA polymerase.

Question 18

Acetyltransferases catalyze the attachment of acetyl groups to:

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  histones. 
D)  mRNA. 
E)  tRNA. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  histones. 
D)  mRNA. 
E)  tRNA.

Question 19

Euchromatin differs from heterochromatin in that euchromatin:

Accepted Answer

A)  stains more strongly. 
B)  is more tightly condensed. 
C)  predominates in centromeres. 
D)  predominates in telomeres. 
E)  is more readily transcribed during interphase. 
A)  stains more strongly. 
B)  is more tightly condensed. 
C)  predominates in centromeres. 
D)  predominates in telomeres. 
E)  is more readily transcribed during interphase.

Question 20

The incoming amino-acid-bearing tRNA binds at the A site.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Before transcription is completed, a poly-A tail is added to the 3′ end of the mRNA.

Which of the following events is NOT part of the initiation stage of translation?

An incoming aminoacyl-tRNA molecule binds to the ribosome at the ______ site.

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands only in the 5′ to 3′ direction.

Which of the following statements about simple-sequence repeated DNA segments is FALSE?

The two strands of a DNA molecule are said to be antiparallel, each strand having its 5′ end at the same end of the molecule.

The 5′ cap of mRNA serves to bind the mRNA molecule to the ribosome.

In the ladder molecule of a DNA molecule, the purine and pyrimidine bases comprise the sides of the ladder.

Histone acetylation neutralizes the histone tails, and consequently transcription is repressed.

In DNA replication, _______ catalyzes the joining of Okazaki fragments.

In a plant, root cells have the same genetic composition as leaf cells.

After a DNA molecule "unzips," the two strands are kept separated by:

During the elongation stage of translation:

The complementarity of the two strands of DNA is a direct result of A pairing only with T and C pairing only with G.

Which of the following are complementary bases?

Which of the following statements concerning noncoding RNAs is FALSE?

Which of the following statements about promoters is FALSE?

Acetyltransferases catalyze the attachment of acetyl groups to:

Euchromatin differs from heterochromatin in that euchromatin:

The incoming amino-acid-bearing tRNA binds at the A site.

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

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