Question 1

Which of the following is/are dead at maturity?

Accepted Answer

A)  phellogen 
B)  fusiform initials 
C)  ray initials 
D)  phellem 
E)  vascular rays 
A)  phellogen 
B)  fusiform initials 
C)  ray initials 
D)  phellem 
E)  vascular rays

Question 2

Which of the following statements about secondary growth is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It results from the activity of the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. 
B)  It is responsible for the increase in girth of a plant. 
C)  It can occur simultaneously with primary growth. 
D)  Most monocots exhibit considerable secondary growth. 
E)  Herbaceous plants undergo little or no secondary growth. 
A)  It results from the activity of the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. 
B)  It is responsible for the increase in girth of a plant. 
C)  It can occur simultaneously with primary growth. 
D)  Most monocots exhibit considerable secondary growth. 
E)  Herbaceous plants undergo little or no secondary growth.

Question 3

A radial section and a tangential section are longitudinal sections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

New ray initials are produced by the fusiform initials.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Interfascicular cambium arises:

Accepted Answer

A)  in the pith rays. 
B)  between the primary xylem and primary phloem. 
C)  in the cortex. 
D)  between the primary xylem and secondary xylem. 
E)  between the primary phloem and secondary phloem. 
A)  in the pith rays. 
B)  between the primary xylem and primary phloem. 
C)  in the cortex. 
D)  between the primary xylem and secondary xylem. 
E)  between the primary phloem and secondary phloem.

Question 6

Which of the following could never be part of the bark?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex 
B)  secondary xylem 
C)  primary phloem 
D)  secondary phloem 
E)  phelloderm 
A)  cortex 
B)  secondary xylem 
C)  primary phloem 
D)  secondary phloem 
E)  phelloderm

Question 7

Primary phloem would not normally be part of the bark.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Heartwood is different from sapwood in that heartwood:

Accepted Answer

A)  has a lighter color. 
B)  is nonconducting. 
C)  contains living cells. 
D)  is older. 
E)  is found closer to the vascular cambium. 
A)  has a lighter color. 
B)  is nonconducting. 
C)  contains living cells. 
D)  is older. 
E)  is found closer to the vascular cambium.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about tyloses is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may inhibit the spread of pathogens through the xylem. 
B)  Their formation may be induced by plant pathogens. 
C)  They may completely block a vessel. 
D)  They are balloon-like outgrowths from pit membranes. 
E)  They are formed when vessels become nonfunctional. 
A)  They may inhibit the spread of pathogens through the xylem. 
B)  Their formation may be induced by plant pathogens. 
C)  They may completely block a vessel. 
D)  They are balloon-like outgrowths from pit membranes. 
E)  They are formed when vessels become nonfunctional.

Question 10

In the cork oak, the cork produced by the first cork cambium has the least commercial value.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Early wood is more dense than late wood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In many woody roots and stems, only the secondary phloem in the current growth ring is active in long-distance food transport.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Angiosperm wood differs from conifer wood in that angiosperm wood has:

Accepted Answer

A)  tracheids. 
B)  vessels. 
C)  orderly radial files of cells. 
D)  smaller rays. 
E)  fewer cell types in the axial system. 
A)  tracheids. 
B)  vessels. 
C)  orderly radial files of cells. 
D)  smaller rays. 
E)  fewer cell types in the axial system.

Question 14

The cortex of the stem is usually sloughed during the first year of growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In secondary tissues, the axial system consists of ______ cells and the radial system consists of ______ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  parenchyma; phloem 
B)  parenchyma; xylem 
C)  xylem; phloem 
D)  xylem and phloem; ray 
E)  ray; xylem and phloem 
A)  parenchyma; phloem 
B)  parenchyma; xylem 
C)  xylem; phloem 
D)  xylem and phloem; ray 
E)  ray; xylem and phloem

Question 16

The stem and root of most woody plants usually contains only one periderm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In diffuse-porous woods, the pores are fairly uniform in size and distribution throughout the growth layers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In most woody plants, the first periderm usually arises in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex. 
B)  epidermis. 
C)  primary phloem. 
D)  primary xylem. 
E)  pith. 
A)  cortex. 
B)  epidermis. 
C)  primary phloem. 
D)  primary xylem. 
E)  pith.

Question 19

In the southern hemisphere, biennials:

Accepted Answer

A)  are represented by weeds. 
B)  are annuals. 
C)  form seeds and flowers in the same growing season. 
D)  usually become woody. 
E)  complete their life cycle in two calendar years. 
A)  are represented by weeds. 
B)  are annuals. 
C)  form seeds and flowers in the same growing season. 
D)  usually become woody. 
E)  complete their life cycle in two calendar years.

Question 20

At the end of the first year's secondary growth, immediately outside the primary xylem is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  primary phloem. 
B)  secondary phloem. 
C)  vascular cambium. 
D)  pith. 
E)  secondary xylem. 
A)  primary phloem. 
B)  secondary phloem. 
C)  vascular cambium. 
D)  pith. 
E)  secondary xylem.

Exam 26: Secondary Growth in Stems

Which of the following is/are dead at maturity?

Which of the following statements about secondary growth is FALSE?

A radial section and a tangential section are longitudinal sections.

New ray initials are produced by the fusiform initials.

Interfascicular cambium arises:

Which of the following could never be part of the bark?

Primary phloem would not normally be part of the bark.

Heartwood is different from sapwood in that heartwood:

Which of the following statements about tyloses is FALSE?

In the cork oak, the cork produced by the first cork cambium has the least commercial value.

Early wood is more dense than late wood.

In many woody roots and stems, only the secondary phloem in the current growth ring is active in long-distance food transport.

Angiosperm wood differs from conifer wood in that angiosperm wood has:

The cortex of the stem is usually sloughed during the first year of growth.

In secondary tissues, the axial system consists of ______ cells and the radial system consists of ______ cells.

The stem and root of most woody plants usually contains only one periderm.

In diffuse-porous woods, the pores are fairly uniform in size and distribution throughout the growth layers.

In most woody plants, the first periderm usually arises in the:

In the southern hemisphere, biennials:

At the end of the first year's secondary growth, immediately outside the primary xylem is the:

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

In secondary tissues, the axial system consists of cells and the radial system consists of cells.