Question 1

In roots, statocytes are located in the root cap.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following statements about heliotropism is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a diurnal movement involving pulvini. 
B)  It is a process involving an orientation to the sun. 
C)  It involves the leaves and flowers of many plants. 
D)  It is also called solar tracking. 
E)  It involves a mechanism similar to that of stem phototropism. 
A)  It is a diurnal movement involving pulvini. 
B)  It is a process involving an orientation to the sun. 
C)  It involves the leaves and flowers of many plants. 
D)  It is also called solar tracking. 
E)  It involves a mechanism similar to that of stem phototropism.

Question 3

The direction of a nastic movement is always ______ the direction of the stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  away from 
B)  toward 
C)  at right angles to 
D)  at an oblique angle to 
E)  independent of 
A)  away from 
B)  toward 
C)  at right angles to 
D)  at an oblique angle to 
E)  independent of

Question 4

Compared with similar plants growing in full sunlight, plants growing in the shade of other vegetation:

Accepted Answer

A)  receive more red light and less far-red light. 
B)  are usually shorter. 
C)  receive more wavelengths below 700 nanometers than above. 
D)  have a reduced red/far-red ratio. 
E)  receive more reflected light and less transmitted light. 
A)  receive more red light and less far-red light. 
B)  are usually shorter. 
C)  receive more wavelengths below 700 nanometers than above. 
D)  have a reduced red/far-red ratio. 
E)  receive more reflected light and less transmitted light.

Question 5

When lettuce seeds are exposed to red light:

Accepted Answer

A)  Pfr is converted to Pr. 
B)  Pr is converted to Pfr. 
C)  660-nanometer light is converted to 730-nanometer light. 
D)  730-nanometer light is converted to 660-nanometer light. 
E)  they will not germinate. 
A)  Pfr is converted to Pr. 
B)  Pr is converted to Pfr. 
C)  660-nanometer light is converted to 730-nanometer light. 
D)  730-nanometer light is converted to 660-nanometer light. 
E)  they will not germinate.

Question 6

The wavelength of light most effective in causing germination of lettuce seeds is 730 nanometers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

With respect to effect on flowering, the middle of the dark period is the part most sensitive to interruption by a flash of light.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When phytochromes interact with PIF proteins, what happens next?

Accepted Answer

A)  The PIF proteins bind DNA. 
B)  The PIF proteins enter the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  The PIF proteins enter the nucleus. 
D)  The PIF proteins are degraded. 
E)  The PIF proteins are polymerized. 
A)  The PIF proteins bind DNA. 
B)  The PIF proteins enter the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  The PIF proteins enter the nucleus. 
D)  The PIF proteins are degraded. 
E)  The PIF proteins are polymerized.

Question 9

Experiments using 14C-labeled auxin indicate that light causes the destruction of auxin in coleoptiles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Experiments on cocklebur have shown that the ______ perceives the photoperiod.

Accepted Answer

A)  apical meristem 
B)  columella 
C)  leaf blade 
D)  petiole 
E)  stem 
A)  apical meristem 
B)  columella 
C)  leaf blade 
D)  petiole 
E)  stem

Question 11

Which of the following statements about Pr and Pfr is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are photoreceptors. 
B)  They participate in photoconversion reactions. 
C)  Pr is the biologically active form. 
D)  Pr absorbs 660-nanometer light. 
E)  Pfr absorbs 730-nanometer light. 
A)  They are photoreceptors. 
B)  They participate in photoconversion reactions. 
C)  Pr is the biologically active form. 
D)  Pr absorbs 660-nanometer light. 
E)  Pfr absorbs 730-nanometer light.

Question 12

Circadian rhythms persist even when all environmental conditions are kept constant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In the process of scarification, seeds are treated with solvents that dissolve the waxes in the seed coat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

______ light is the most effective in producing a phototropic response.

Accepted Answer

A)  Green 
B)  Yellow 
C)  Orange 
D)  Blue 
E)  Red 
A)  Green 
B)  Yellow 
C)  Orange 
D)  Blue 
E)  Red

Question 15

Which of the following statements about a pulvinus is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a joint-like thickening at the base of a leaf or a leaflet. 
B)  It is responsible for most nyctinastic leaf movements. 
C)  It lacks vascular tissue. 
D)  It contains parenchyma cells. 
E)  Some of its cells undergo changes in turgor. 
A)  It is a joint-like thickening at the base of a leaf or a leaflet. 
B)  It is responsible for most nyctinastic leaf movements. 
C)  It lacks vascular tissue. 
D)  It contains parenchyma cells. 
E)  Some of its cells undergo changes in turgor.

Question 16

In shoot gravitropism, auxin is distributed to the lower side where it stimulates cell expansion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The ageotropum mutant of pea plants lacks both a hydrotropic response and a gravitropic response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In roots, statoliths are localized in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  endodermis. 
B)  vascular tissues. 
C)  starch sheath. 
D)  epidermis of the root cap. 
E)  root cap columella. 
A)  endodermis. 
B)  vascular tissues. 
C)  starch sheath. 
D)  epidermis of the root cap. 
E)  root cap columella.

Question 19

In Mimosa pudica, movement of leaflets involves all of the following changes in cells of the pulvinus EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  accumulation of sucrose unloaded from the phloem. 
B)  an influx of potassium ions from the apoplast. 
C)  a change in turgor pressure. 
D)  an efflux of water. 
E)  a decrease in water potential. 
A)  accumulation of sucrose unloaded from the phloem. 
B)  an influx of potassium ions from the apoplast. 
C)  a change in turgor pressure. 
D)  an efflux of water. 
E)  a decrease in water potential.

Question 20

Stratification is the process used by horticulturalists in which seeds are:

Accepted Answer

A)  moistened and exposed to low temperature. 
B)  moistened and exposed to high temperature. 
C)  mechanically abraded. 
D)  soaked in alcohol. 
E)  dried. 
A)  moistened and exposed to low temperature. 
B)  moistened and exposed to high temperature. 
C)  mechanically abraded. 
D)  soaked in alcohol. 
E)  dried.

Exam 28: External Factors and Plant Growth

In roots, statocytes are located in the root cap.

Which of the following statements about heliotropism is FALSE?

The direction of a nastic movement is always ______ the direction of the stimulus.

Compared with similar plants growing in full sunlight, plants growing in the shade of other vegetation:

When lettuce seeds are exposed to red light:

The wavelength of light most effective in causing germination of lettuce seeds is 730 nanometers.

With respect to effect on flowering, the middle of the dark period is the part most sensitive to interruption by a flash of light.

When phytochromes interact with PIF proteins, what happens next?

Experiments using 14C-labeled auxin indicate that light causes the destruction of auxin in coleoptiles.

Experiments on cocklebur have shown that the ______ perceives the photoperiod.

Which of the following statements about Pr and Pfr is FALSE?

Circadian rhythms persist even when all environmental conditions are kept constant.

In the process of scarification, seeds are treated with solvents that dissolve the waxes in the seed coat.

______ light is the most effective in producing a phototropic response.

Which of the following statements about a pulvinus is FALSE?

In shoot gravitropism, auxin is distributed to the lower side where it stimulates cell expansion.

The ageotropum mutant of pea plants lacks both a hydrotropic response and a gravitropic response.

In roots, statoliths are localized in the:

In Mimosa pudica, movement of leaflets involves all of the following changes in cells of the pulvinus EXCEPT:

Stratification is the process used by horticulturalists in which seeds are:

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

Experiments using ¹⁴C-labeled auxin indicate that light causes the destruction of auxin in coleoptiles.

Which of the following statements about P_r and P_fr is FALSE?