Question 1

All of the following are characteristics of chloride in nutrition except

Accepted Answer

A) deficiencies are extremely rare. 
B) intake is related, in large part, to sodium intake. 
C) it is necessary for maintaining electrolyte balance of body fluids. 
D) the recommended intake has recently been set at 10 mg/kg body weight. 
A) deficiencies are extremely rare. 
B) intake is related, in large part, to sodium intake. 
C) it is necessary for maintaining electrolyte balance of body fluids. 
D) the recommended intake has recently been set at 10 mg/kg body weight.

Question 2

A friend shows you a newspaper article titled "Magnesium's Role in ATP Synthesis." You explain that

Accepted Answer

A) magnesium does not play a role in ATP synthesis. 
B) it is not magnesium but manganese that plays the role in ATP synthesis. 
C) magnesium serves as a catalyst in the reaction that adds the last phosphate to ATP. 
D) there are three magnesium groups within the ATP structure that help it do its work. 
A) magnesium does not play a role in ATP synthesis. 
B) it is not magnesium but manganese that plays the role in ATP synthesis. 
C) magnesium serves as a catalyst in the reaction that adds the last phosphate to ATP. 
D) there are three magnesium groups within the ATP structure that help it do its work.

Question 3

What percentage of hip fractures in men and women are due to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A) 40-50 
B) 60-75 
C) 80-90 
D) 100 
A) 40-50 
B) 60-75 
C) 80-90 
D) 100

Question 4

Which of the following minerals is involved in the transportation of lipids through the body's lymph and blood systems?

Accepted Answer

A) Iron 
B) Sodium 
C) Calcium 
D) Phosphorus 
A) Iron 
B) Sodium 
C) Calcium 
D) Phosphorus

Question 5

The outer, hard shell of bone is called

Accepted Answer

A) cortical bone. 
B) dolomitic bone. 
C) trabecular bone. 
D) hydroxyl bone. 
A) cortical bone. 
B) dolomitic bone. 
C) trabecular bone. 
D) hydroxyl bone.

Question 6

What is calmodulin?

Accepted Answer

A) A calcium-binding protein 
B) A drug that treats osteoporosis 
C) A calcium supplement with high bioavailability 
D) A form of calcium used in fortifying soy products 
A) A calcium-binding protein 
B) A drug that treats osteoporosis 
C) A calcium supplement with high bioavailability 
D) A form of calcium used in fortifying soy products

Question 7

Approximately what percentage of the body's calcium is found in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 5 
C) 15 
D) 25 
A) 1 
B) 5 
C) 15 
D) 25

Question 8

Certain green leafy vegetables have a very low calcium bioavailability due to the presence of

Accepted Answer

A) low calcium content. 
B) low vitamin D content. 
C) naturally occurring binders. 
D) high magnesium content, which lowers calcium absorption. 
A) low calcium content. 
B) low vitamin D content. 
C) naturally occurring binders. 
D) high magnesium content, which lowers calcium absorption.

Question 9

What is the calcium Recommended Dietary Allowance for young adults (19-30)?

Accepted Answer

A) 500 mg 
B) 800 mg 
C) 1000 mg 
D) 1500 mg 
A) 500 mg 
B) 800 mg 
C) 1000 mg 
D) 1500 mg

Question 10

Which of the following is not a function of water in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Lubricant 
B) Source of energy 
C) Maintains protein structure 
D) Participant in chemical reactions 
A) Lubricant 
B) Source of energy 
C) Maintains protein structure 
D) Participant in chemical reactions

Question 11

Which of the following is the primary function of potassium?

Accepted Answer

A) Participates in wound healing 
B) Helps maintain gastric acidity 
C) Acts as principal intracellular electrolyte 
D) Protects bone structures against degeneration 
A) Participates in wound healing 
B) Helps maintain gastric acidity 
C) Acts as principal intracellular electrolyte 
D) Protects bone structures against degeneration

Question 12

Which of the following contributes most to the weight of the human body?

Accepted Answer

A) Iron 
B) Water 
C) Protein 
D) Calcium 
A) Iron 
B) Water 
C) Protein 
D) Calcium

Question 13

What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?

Accepted Answer

A) Processed foods 
B) Unprocessed foods 
C) Natural salt content of foods 
D) Salt added during cooking and at the table 
A) Processed foods 
B) Unprocessed foods 
C) Natural salt content of foods 
D) Salt added during cooking and at the table

Question 14

Among the following ethnic groups, which has the highest bone density?

Accepted Answer

A) Japanese 
B) Caucasian 
C) African-American 
D) South American Hispanic 
A) Japanese 
B) Caucasian 
C) African-American 
D) South American Hispanic

Question 15

What is a chief function of carbonic acid in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Activates andiotensin 
B) Activates angiotensinogen 
C) Helps with gastric digestion 
D) Helps maintain acid-base balance 
A) Activates andiotensin 
B) Activates angiotensinogen 
C) Helps with gastric digestion 
D) Helps maintain acid-base balance

Question 16

What is hydroxyapatite?

Accepted Answer

A) Abnormal cellular structures seen in osteoporosis 
B) The calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones 
C) A calcium regulatory hormone secreted from the trabeculae region of bone 
D) A compound in plant foods that binds to calcium and phosphorus and inhibits absorption 
A) Abnormal cellular structures seen in osteoporosis 
B) The calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones 
C) A calcium regulatory hormone secreted from the trabeculae region of bone 
D) A compound in plant foods that binds to calcium and phosphorus and inhibits absorption

Question 17

On a per kcalorie basis, which of the following are the best sources of calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) Meats 
B) Fruits 
C) Breads 
D) Vegetables 
A) Meats 
B) Fruits 
C) Breads 
D) Vegetables

Question 18

Which of the following represents the least likely cause for an abnormal blood calcium level?

Accepted Answer

A) Diseases of the liver 
B) Diseases of the kidney 
C) Insufficient dietary intake 
D) Altered secretion of parathyroid hormone 
A) Diseases of the liver 
B) Diseases of the kidney 
C) Insufficient dietary intake 
D) Altered secretion of parathyroid hormone

Question 19

After age, what is the next strongest risk factor for osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Sex 
B) Tobacco use 
C) Calcium intake 
D) Physical activity level 
A) Sex 
B) Tobacco use 
C) Calcium intake 
D) Physical activity level

Question 20

All of the following are characteristics of phosphorus in nutrition except

Accepted Answer

A) high dietary intakes have no adverse effects. 
B) about 85% of the body's phosphorus is located in bones and teeth. 
C) the phosphoric acid in cola drinks has little effect on bone content. 
D) the ratio of phosphorus to calcium in the diet is important for bone maintenance. 
A) high dietary intakes have no adverse effects. 
B) about 85% of the body's phosphorus is located in bones and teeth. 
C) the phosphoric acid in cola drinks has little effect on bone content. 
D) the ratio of phosphorus to calcium in the diet is important for bone maintenance.

Exam 12: Water and the Major Minerals

All of the following are characteristics of chloride in nutrition except

A friend shows you a newspaper article titled "Magnesium's Role in ATP Synthesis." You explain that

What percentage of hip fractures in men and women are due to osteoporosis?

Which of the following minerals is involved in the transportation of lipids through the body's lymph and blood systems?

The outer, hard shell of bone is called

What is calmodulin?

Approximately what percentage of the body's calcium is found in the blood?

Certain green leafy vegetables have a very low calcium bioavailability due to the presence of

What is the calcium Recommended Dietary Allowance for young adults (19-30)?

Which of the following is not a function of water in the body?

Which of the following is the primary function of potassium?

Which of the following contributes most to the weight of the human body?

What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?

Among the following ethnic groups, which has the highest bone density?

What is a chief function of carbonic acid in the body?

What is hydroxyapatite?

On a per kcalorie basis, which of the following are the best sources of calcium?

Which of the following represents the least likely cause for an abnormal blood calcium level?

After age, what is the next strongest risk factor for osteoporosis?

All of the following are characteristics of phosphorus in nutrition except

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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