Question 1

What nutrients appear to be protective of cataract formation?

Accepted Answer

A) Iron and calcium 
B) Chromium and zinc 
C) Vitamin B12 and folate 
D) Vitamin C and vitamin E 
A) Iron and calcium 
B) Chromium and zinc 
C) Vitamin B12 and folate 
D) Vitamin C and vitamin E D

Question 2

Which of the following is a proposed mechanism for energy restriction and improved longevity in animals?

Accepted Answer

A) Reduced oxidative stress 
B) Increased metabolic rate 
C) Enhanced lipid oxidation 
D) Accelerated growth and development 
A) Reduced oxidative stress 
B) Increased metabolic rate 
C) Enhanced lipid oxidation 
D) Accelerated growth and development A

Question 3

Which of the following foods seems to benefit rheumatoid arthritis in some people?

Accepted Answer

A) Milk 
B) Olive oil 
C) Iodized salt 
D) Refined cereals 
A) Milk 
B) Olive oil 
C) Iodized salt 
D) Refined cereals B

Question 4

What would be the physiological age of a 75-year-old woman whose physical health is equivalent to that of her 50-year-old daughter?

Accepted Answer

A) 25 years 
B) 50 years 
C) 70 years 
D) 125 years 
A) 25 years 
B) 50 years 
C) 70 years 
D) 125 years

Question 5

What percentage of eligible people 60 years and older participate in nutrition assistance programs?

Accepted Answer

A) 30 
B) 50 
C) 65 
D) 90 
A) 30 
B) 50 
C) 65 
D) 90

Question 6

What fraction of the U.S.population is at least 65 years old?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/100 
B) 1/30 
C) 1/8 
D) 1/3 
A) 1/100 
B) 1/30 
C) 1/8 
D) 1/3

Question 7

Vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly is least likely to occur from

Accepted Answer

A) intestinal bacterial overgrowth. 
B) insufficient intake of vitamin B12. 
C) reduced output of intrinsic factor. 
D) reduced output of hydrochloric acid. 
A) intestinal bacterial overgrowth. 
B) insufficient intake of vitamin B12. 
C) reduced output of intrinsic factor. 
D) reduced output of hydrochloric acid.

Question 8

Rose is a 73-year-old spunky, energetic woman who is wheel-chair bound.She cannot go to the grocery store and has no family members nearby.Which of the following would be the most appropriate suggestion for ensuring that Rose is obtaining adequate nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) Suggest she attend congregate meals 
B) Sign her up for the Meals on Wheels program 
C) Suggest that Rose enter a nursing home that will cater to her every need 
D) Have a volunteer buy in bulk from a grocery warehouse once a month and deliver the food to Rose 
A) Suggest she attend congregate meals 
B) Sign her up for the Meals on Wheels program 
C) Suggest that Rose enter a nursing home that will cater to her every need 
D) Have a volunteer buy in bulk from a grocery warehouse once a month and deliver the food to Rose

Question 9

What is the average monthly benefit for a recipient of SNAP?

Accepted Answer

A) $10 
B) $35 
C) $100 
D) $145 
A) $10 
B) $35 
C) $100 
D) $145

Question 10

A condition that increases the likelihood of iron deficiency in older people is

Accepted Answer

A) lack of intrinsic factor. 
B) loss of iron due to menopause. 
C) blood loss from yearly physical testing procedures. 
D) poor iron absorption due to reduced stomach acid secretion and/or use of antacids. 
A) lack of intrinsic factor. 
B) loss of iron due to menopause. 
C) blood loss from yearly physical testing procedures. 
D) poor iron absorption due to reduced stomach acid secretion and/or use of antacids.

Question 11

What organ is affected by macular degeneration?

Accepted Answer

A) Bone 
B) Eyes 
C) Liver 
D) Kidneys 
A) Bone 
B) Eyes 
C) Liver 
D) Kidneys

Question 12

Which of the following statements describes one aspect of mineral nutrition of older adults?

Accepted Answer

A) Zinc intake is adequate for about 95% of this group 
B) Iron absorption is reduced due to low stomach acidity 
C) Calcium intakes of females are near the RDA for this group 
D) Calcium allowances for this group have recently been increased by the Committee on Dietary Reference Intakes 
A) Zinc intake is adequate for about 95% of this group 
B) Iron absorption is reduced due to low stomach acidity 
C) Calcium intakes of females are near the RDA for this group 
D) Calcium allowances for this group have recently been increased by the Committee on Dietary Reference Intakes

Question 13

Which of the following is a recent finding on vitamin D nutrition in the elderly?

Accepted Answer

A) Self-synthesis capacity is high 
B) The skin's capacity to synthesize the vitamin is reduced 
C) The presence of atrophic gastritis reduces bioavailability of the vitamin 
D) Symptoms of deficiency include dermatitis and diminished taste acidity 
A) Self-synthesis capacity is high 
B) The skin's capacity to synthesize the vitamin is reduced 
C) The presence of atrophic gastritis reduces bioavailability of the vitamin 
D) Symptoms of deficiency include dermatitis and diminished taste acidity

Question 14

Jimmy is 33 years old and his obese parents each have cataracts in both eyes.They rarely eat fruits or vegetables and prefer a meat and potatoes existence.To reduce his risk of developing cataracts like his parents, Jimmy should incorporate all of the following into his diet except

Accepted Answer

A) maintaining a healthy body weight. 
B) eating a variety of foods that contain carotenoids. 
C) eating a variety of foods that contain vitamins C and E. 
D) getting enough sleep at night to preserve the integrity of his eyes. 
A) maintaining a healthy body weight. 
B) eating a variety of foods that contain carotenoids. 
C) eating a variety of foods that contain vitamins C and E. 
D) getting enough sleep at night to preserve the integrity of his eyes.

Question 15

All of the following are characteristics of vitamin B12 nutrition in older people except

Accepted Answer

A) the RDA is the same as for younger adults. 
B) older adults are advised to obtain most of their vitamin B12 from fortified foods and supplements. 
C) up to 30% of those over 50 years of age are at risk of vitamin B12 deficiency due to atrophic gastritis. 
D) the DRI Committee recommends that older people increase their meat intake to provide adequate vitamin B12. 
A) the RDA is the same as for younger adults. 
B) older adults are advised to obtain most of their vitamin B12 from fortified foods and supplements. 
C) up to 30% of those over 50 years of age are at risk of vitamin B12 deficiency due to atrophic gastritis. 
D) the DRI Committee recommends that older people increase their meat intake to provide adequate vitamin B12.

Question 16

Which of the following is a feature of calcium nutrition in the elderly?

Accepted Answer

A) The DRI is 800-1000 mg 
B) Calcium intakes are well below recommendations 
C) Calcium supplements are not effective sources of calcium due to poor digestibility 
D) Calcium from food is not well absorbed due to the intake of calcium-binding laxatives 
A) The DRI is 800-1000 mg 
B) Calcium intakes are well below recommendations 
C) Calcium supplements are not effective sources of calcium due to poor digestibility 
D) Calcium from food is not well absorbed due to the intake of calcium-binding laxatives

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A) It affects 60% of those over 80 years of age 
B) It is responsive to dietary choline supplementation 
C) It is associated with stability of brain nerve cell number 
D) It is associated with clumps of beta-amyloid protein in the brain 
A) It affects 60% of those over 80 years of age 
B) It is responsive to dietary choline supplementation 
C) It is associated with stability of brain nerve cell number 
D) It is associated with clumps of beta-amyloid protein in the brain

Question 18

Which of the following is a feature of the stress response in men and women?

Accepted Answer

A) Women's general reactions to stress are different than those of men 
B) The ability to respond is weaker in older women compared with older men 
C) The secretion of epinephrine is suppressed in elderly women compared with elderly men 
D) Psychological stressors such as divorce or death of a loved one are handled much less well by elderly men compared with elderly women 
A) Women's general reactions to stress are different than those of men 
B) The ability to respond is weaker in older women compared with older men 
C) The secretion of epinephrine is suppressed in elderly women compared with elderly men 
D) Psychological stressors such as divorce or death of a loved one are handled much less well by elderly men compared with elderly women

Question 19

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin D nutrition in the elderly?

Accepted Answer

A) Most elderly receive near-RDA amounts of the vitamin 
B) Aging reduces the kidneys' ability to convert vitamin D to its active form 
C) The RDA for vitamin D in the elderly is lower due to less excretion by the kidneys 
D) Most elderly rely primarily on self-synthesis of the vitamin due to their greater time spent outdoors 
A) Most elderly receive near-RDA amounts of the vitamin 
B) Aging reduces the kidneys' ability to convert vitamin D to its active form 
C) The RDA for vitamin D in the elderly is lower due to less excretion by the kidneys 
D) Most elderly rely primarily on self-synthesis of the vitamin due to their greater time spent outdoors

Question 20

Which of the following is a program that provides low-income older adults with coupons that are exchangeable for fresh vegetables and fruits at community-supported farmers' markets and roadside stands?

Accepted Answer

A) Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program 
B) Food Security for the Disadvantaged Elderly 
C) Old Age and Survivors Health Benefits Program 
D) Elderly Nutrition and Maintenance Food Co-Op 
A) Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program 
B) Food Security for the Disadvantaged Elderly 
C) Old Age and Survivors Health Benefits Program 
D) Elderly Nutrition and Maintenance Food Co-Op

Exam 16: Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

What nutrients appear to be protective of cataract formation?

Which of the following is a proposed mechanism for energy restriction and improved longevity in animals?

Which of the following foods seems to benefit rheumatoid arthritis in some people?

What would be the physiological age of a 75-year-old woman whose physical health is equivalent to that of her 50-year-old daughter?

What percentage of eligible people 60 years and older participate in nutrition assistance programs?

What fraction of the U.S.population is at least 65 years old?

Vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly is least likely to occur from

Rose is a 73-year-old spunky, energetic woman who is wheel-chair bound.She cannot go to the grocery store and has no family members nearby.Which of the following would be the most appropriate suggestion for ensuring that Rose is obtaining adequate nutrition?

What is the average monthly benefit for a recipient of SNAP?

A condition that increases the likelihood of iron deficiency in older people is

What organ is affected by macular degeneration?

Which of the following statements describes one aspect of mineral nutrition of older adults?

Which of the following is a recent finding on vitamin D nutrition in the elderly?

Jimmy is 33 years old and his obese parents each have cataracts in both eyes.They rarely eat fruits or vegetables and prefer a meat and potatoes existence.To reduce his risk of developing cataracts like his parents, Jimmy should incorporate all of the following into his diet except

All of the following are characteristics of vitamin B12 nutrition in older people except

Which of the following is a feature of calcium nutrition in the elderly?

Which of the following is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease?

Which of the following is a feature of the stress response in men and women?

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin D nutrition in the elderly?

Which of the following is a program that provides low-income older adults with coupons that are exchangeable for fresh vegetables and fruits at community-supported farmers' markets and roadside stands?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency in the elderly is least likely to occur from

All of the following are characteristics of vitamin B₁₂ nutrition in older people except