Question 1

Which of the following is most likely to result from insufficient intake of fiber?

Accepted Answer

A) Diarrhea 
B) Bloating 
C) Constipation 
D) Pancreatitis 
A) Diarrhea 
B) Bloating 
C) Constipation 
D) Pancreatitis C

Question 2

Holding the breath for as long as possible is considered an effective treatment for

Accepted Answer

A) colitis. 
B) hiccups. 
C) belching. 
D) gastro-esophageal reflux. 
A) colitis. 
B) hiccups. 
C) belching. 
D) gastro-esophageal reflux. B

Question 3

When alcohol and barbiturates are ingested, they are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and transported first to the

Accepted Answer

A) liver. 
B) heart. 
C) spleen. 
D) kidneys. 
A) liver. 
B) heart. 
C) spleen. 
D) kidneys. A

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of pancreatic digestive enzyme function?

Accepted Answer

A) The major hormone controlling the release of pancreatic enzymes is gastrin 
B) The release of pancreatic enzymes is controlled primarily by a pancreatic sphincter 
C) The pancreas can increase the activity of fat-degrading enzymes in response to more fat in the diet 
D) In general, the amounts of digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas remain constant over a wide range of nutrient intakes 
A) The major hormone controlling the release of pancreatic enzymes is gastrin 
B) The release of pancreatic enzymes is controlled primarily by a pancreatic sphincter 
C) The pancreas can increase the activity of fat-degrading enzymes in response to more fat in the diet 
D) In general, the amounts of digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas remain constant over a wide range of nutrient intakes

Question 5

In general, which of the following is associated with the fewest adverse effects from the treatment of constipation in adults?

Accepted Answer

A) Taking an enema 
B) Taking a laxative 
C) Ingestion of prunes 
D) Ingestion of mineral oil 
A) Taking an enema 
B) Taking a laxative 
C) Ingestion of prunes 
D) Ingestion of mineral oil

Question 6

Colonic irrigation is a popular practice for treatment of

Accepted Answer

A) belching. 
B) constipation. 
C) rapid peristalsis. 
D) explosive diarrhea. 
A) belching. 
B) constipation. 
C) rapid peristalsis. 
D) explosive diarrhea.

Question 7

The organism H.pylori has been identified as one of the major causes of

Accepted Answer

A) hiccups. 
B) hemorrhoids. 
C) diverticulosis. 
D) gastric ulcers. 
A) hiccups. 
B) hemorrhoids. 
C) diverticulosis. 
D) gastric ulcers.

Question 8

During the process of digestion, at what point does the stomach begin to release chyme?

Accepted Answer

A) When the fluid to solid ratio is 3 to 1 
B) When the chyme is liquefied 
C) Within 15 minutes of gastrin release 
D) Within 5 to 10 minutes of starting a meal 
A) When the fluid to solid ratio is 3 to 1 
B) When the chyme is liquefied 
C) Within 15 minutes of gastrin release 
D) Within 5 to 10 minutes of starting a meal

Question 9

Important functions of hydrochloric acid in digestion/absorption include all the following except

Accepted Answer

A) it kills bacteria. 
B) it activates pancreatic lipase. 
C) it activates a proteolytic enzyme. 
D) it promotes hydrolysis of dietary protein. 
A) it kills bacteria. 
B) it activates pancreatic lipase. 
C) it activates a proteolytic enzyme. 
D) it promotes hydrolysis of dietary protein.

Question 10

Which of the following nutrients requires the greatest time for digestion?

Accepted Answer

A) Fats 
B) Water 
C) Minerals 
D) Carbohydrates 
A) Fats 
B) Water 
C) Minerals 
D) Carbohydrates

Question 11

What is one function of the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

A) Stores bile 
B) Produces bile 
C) Reabsorbs water and salts 
D) Performs enzymatic digestion 
A) Stores bile 
B) Produces bile 
C) Reabsorbs water and salts 
D) Performs enzymatic digestion

Question 12

The presence of fat in the intestines stimulates cells of the intestinal wall to release

Accepted Answer

A) lipase. 
B) gastrin. 
C) secretin. 
D) cholecystokinin. 
A) lipase. 
B) gastrin. 
C) secretin. 
D) cholecystokinin.

Question 13

What is the fate of any enzymes that are present in the foods we eat?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydrolyzed in the GI tract 
B) Absorbed intact by the stomach 
C) Absorbed intact by the small intestine 
D) Passed through the GI tract and excreted in the stool 
A) Hydrolyzed in the GI tract 
B) Absorbed intact by the stomach 
C) Absorbed intact by the small intestine 
D) Passed through the GI tract and excreted in the stool

Question 14

In what organ does the digestion process begin?

Accepted Answer

A) Mouth 
B) Stomach 
C) Duodenum 
D) Jejunum-ileum 
A) Mouth 
B) Stomach 
C) Duodenum 
D) Jejunum-ileum

Question 15

Which of the following is a description of chyme?

Accepted Answer

A) The semisolid mass of undigested food which passes through the ileocecal valve 
B) A semiliquid mass of partially digested food released by the stomach into the small intestine 
C) The mixture of pancreatic juices containing enzymes for digestion of the macronutrients 
D) A thick, viscous material synthesized by mucosal cells for protection against digestive juices 
A) The semisolid mass of undigested food which passes through the ileocecal valve 
B) A semiliquid mass of partially digested food released by the stomach into the small intestine 
C) The mixture of pancreatic juices containing enzymes for digestion of the macronutrients 
D) A thick, viscous material synthesized by mucosal cells for protection against digestive juices

Question 16

Which of the following are found on the microvilli and function to break apart small nutrients into the final products of digestion?

Accepted Answer

A) Mucus 
B) Micelles 
C) Enzymes 
D) Hormones 
A) Mucus 
B) Micelles 
C) Enzymes 
D) Hormones

Question 17

What is the function of bile?

Accepted Answer

A) Emulsifies fats 
B) Initiates digestion of protein 
C) Enhances absorption of complex carbohydrates 
D) Protects the stomach and small intestine from the action of hydrochloric acid 
A) Emulsifies fats 
B) Initiates digestion of protein 
C) Enhances absorption of complex carbohydrates 
D) Protects the stomach and small intestine from the action of hydrochloric acid

Question 18

Which part of the GI tract contains highly acidic digestive juices?

Accepted Answer

A) Colon 
B) Ileum 
C) Stomach 
D) Duodenum 
A) Colon 
B) Ileum 
C) Stomach 
D) Duodenum

Question 19

An example of an important function of the colon would be its absorption of

Accepted Answer

A) bile. 
B) fats. 
C) salts. 
D) hormones. 
A) bile. 
B) fats. 
C) salts. 
D) hormones.

Question 20

What is/are the primary target organ(s) for the action of cholecystokinin?

Accepted Answer

A) Pancreas only 
B) Stomach only 
C) Gallbladder only 
D) Gallbladder and pancreas 
A) Pancreas only 
B) Stomach only 
C) Gallbladder only 
D) Gallbladder and pancreas

Exam 3: Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

Which of the following is most likely to result from insufficient intake of fiber?

Holding the breath for as long as possible is considered an effective treatment for

When alcohol and barbiturates are ingested, they are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and transported first to the

Which of the following is a characteristic of pancreatic digestive enzyme function?

In general, which of the following is associated with the fewest adverse effects from the treatment of constipation in adults?

Colonic irrigation is a popular practice for treatment of

The organism H.pylori has been identified as one of the major causes of

During the process of digestion, at what point does the stomach begin to release chyme?

Important functions of hydrochloric acid in digestion/absorption include all the following except

Which of the following nutrients requires the greatest time for digestion?

What is one function of the gallbladder?

The presence of fat in the intestines stimulates cells of the intestinal wall to release

What is the fate of any enzymes that are present in the foods we eat?

In what organ does the digestion process begin?

Which of the following is a description of chyme?

Which of the following are found on the microvilli and function to break apart small nutrients into the final products of digestion?

What is the function of bile?

Which part of the GI tract contains highly acidic digestive juices?

An example of an important function of the colon would be its absorption of

What is/are the primary target organ(s) for the action of cholecystokinin?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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