Question 1

Which of the following is not considered one of the basic taste sensations?

Accepted Answer

A) Hot 
B) Sour 
C) Salty 
D) Bitter 
A) Hot 
B) Sour 
C) Salty 
D) Bitter

Question 2

Which of the following is a feature of irritable bowel syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) Abdominal discomfort is usually mild 
B) Effective treatment includes peppermint oil 
C) Constipation rather than diarrhea is the major adverse effect 
D) A combination of stress plus certain foods is needed to trigger an attack 
A) Abdominal discomfort is usually mild 
B) Effective treatment includes peppermint oil 
C) Constipation rather than diarrhea is the major adverse effect 
D) A combination of stress plus certain foods is needed to trigger an attack

Question 3

Into what region of the intestinal tract does the stomach empty?

Accepted Answer

A) Ileum 
B) Cecum 
C) Jejunum 
D) Duodenum 
A) Ileum 
B) Cecum 
C) Jejunum 
D) Duodenum

Question 4

When nutrients are transported from intestinal epithelial cells to the vascular system, what organ is first to receive them?

Accepted Answer

A) Liver 
B) Heart 
C) Lungs 
D) Kidneys 
A) Liver 
B) Heart 
C) Lungs 
D) Kidneys

Question 5

Which of the following is a prominent feature of the expulsion of gas from the anus?

Accepted Answer

A) It is normal 
B) It can usually be reduced by increasing fiber intake 
C) It is usually worsened by consuming foods rich in fats 
D) The gas expelled is composed mostly of sulfur dioxide 
A) It is normal 
B) It can usually be reduced by increasing fiber intake 
C) It is usually worsened by consuming foods rich in fats 
D) The gas expelled is composed mostly of sulfur dioxide

Question 6

Which of the following is a feature of peristalsis?

Accepted Answer

A) It remains quiet between meals when the GI tract is empty 
B) It occurs along the GI tract at a constant rate when food is present 
C) It involves parallel and circular muscles found in the walls of the intestines but not the stomach 
D) It consists of wavelike muscular contractions resulting from alternate tightening and relaxing of circular muscles and longitudinal muscles 
A) It remains quiet between meals when the GI tract is empty 
B) It occurs along the GI tract at a constant rate when food is present 
C) It involves parallel and circular muscles found in the walls of the intestines but not the stomach 
D) It consists of wavelike muscular contractions resulting from alternate tightening and relaxing of circular muscles and longitudinal muscles

Question 7

Inflammation of the large intestine is known as

Accepted Answer

A) colitis. 
B) indigestion. 
C) hemorrhoiditis. 
D) acid dysregulation. 
A) colitis. 
B) indigestion. 
C) hemorrhoiditis. 
D) acid dysregulation.

Question 8

Your cousin Miguel is extolling the virtues of his new dietary supplement.He says that it contains enzymes that will make him healthier, and he asks for your opinion.You assure him that the enzymes

Accepted Answer

A) will increase the digestibility of the foods he eats. 
B) could likely interfere with the enzymes secreted by his pancreas. 
C) could likely overload his gastrointestinal tract and lead to diarrhea. 
D) are proteins and proteins are destroyed in the gastrointestinal tract. 
A) will increase the digestibility of the foods he eats. 
B) could likely interfere with the enzymes secreted by his pancreas. 
C) could likely overload his gastrointestinal tract and lead to diarrhea. 
D) are proteins and proteins are destroyed in the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the normal pH of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A) Very acidic 
B) Slightly acidic 
C) Neutral 
D) Slightly alkaline 
A) Very acidic 
B) Slightly acidic 
C) Neutral 
D) Slightly alkaline

Question 10

A solution with a pH of 7 is how many times more alkaline than one with a pH of 6?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 100 
A) 1 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) 100

Question 11

Which of the following substances functions to control the release of hydrochloric acid to prevent excessive acidity?

Accepted Answer

A) Fiber 
B) Gastrin 
C) Secretin 
D) Bicarbonate 
A) Fiber 
B) Gastrin 
C) Secretin 
D) Bicarbonate

Question 12

What structure controls the release of material from the stomach to the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A) Ileocecal valve 
B) Pyloric sphincter 
C) Diaphragmatic valve 
D) Esophageal sphincter 
A) Ileocecal valve 
B) Pyloric sphincter 
C) Diaphragmatic valve 
D) Esophageal sphincter

Question 13

What substance protects the stomach lining from damage due to digestive juices?

Accepted Answer

A) Water 
B) Mucus 
C) Pepsinogen 
D) Dietary fats 
A) Water 
B) Mucus 
C) Pepsinogen 
D) Dietary fats

Question 14

Jim went for his annual medical check-up and was diagnosed with heartburn.Which of the following actions is most likely causing Jim's condition?

Accepted Answer

A) Inhibition of peristalsis 
B) Overactive cardiac sphincter activity 
C) Overactive pyloric sphincter activity 
D) Defective lower esophageal sphincter activity 
A) Inhibition of peristalsis 
B) Overactive cardiac sphincter activity 
C) Overactive pyloric sphincter activity 
D) Defective lower esophageal sphincter activity

Question 15

Which of the following products of digestion is not normally released directly into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A) Fats 
B) Minerals 
C) Vitamin C 
D) Carbohydrates 
A) Fats 
B) Minerals 
C) Vitamin C 
D) Carbohydrates

Question 16

What is reflux?

Accepted Answer

A) Hard, dry, stools 
B) Backward flow of chyme 
C) Soft, poorly formed stools 
D) The mixture of bile and pancreatic juice 
A) Hard, dry, stools 
B) Backward flow of chyme 
C) Soft, poorly formed stools 
D) The mixture of bile and pancreatic juice

Question 17

What vessel carries blood from the liver to the heart?

Accepted Answer

A) Aorta 
B) Hepatic vein 
C) Thoracic duct 
D) Hepatic portal vein 
A) Aorta 
B) Hepatic vein 
C) Thoracic duct 
D) Hepatic portal vein

Question 18

After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

A) Jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum, rectum 
B) Jejunum, ileum, duodenum, rectum, colon 
C) Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon 
D) Stomach, jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum 
A) Jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum, rectum 
B) Jejunum, ileum, duodenum, rectum, colon 
C) Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon 
D) Stomach, jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum

Question 19

What is a bolus?

Accepted Answer

A) Enzyme that hydrolyzes starch 
B) Portion of food swallowed at one time 
C) Device used to analyze the contents of the stomach 
D) Sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine 
A) Enzyme that hydrolyzes starch 
B) Portion of food swallowed at one time 
C) Device used to analyze the contents of the stomach 
D) Sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine

Question 20

Which of the following conducts lymph into the vascular system?

Accepted Answer

A) Villi 
B) Mesentery 
C) Subclavian vein 
D) Common bile duct 
A) Villi 
B) Mesentery 
C) Subclavian vein 
D) Common bile duct

Exam 3: Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

Which of the following is not considered one of the basic taste sensations?

Which of the following is a feature of irritable bowel syndrome?

Into what region of the intestinal tract does the stomach empty?

When nutrients are transported from intestinal epithelial cells to the vascular system, what organ is first to receive them?

Which of the following is a prominent feature of the expulsion of gas from the anus?

Which of the following is a feature of peristalsis?

Inflammation of the large intestine is known as

Your cousin Miguel is extolling the virtues of his new dietary supplement.He says that it contains enzymes that will make him healthier, and he asks for your opinion.You assure him that the enzymes

Which of the following best describes the normal pH of the stomach?

A solution with a pH of 7 is how many times more alkaline than one with a pH of 6?

Which of the following substances functions to control the release of hydrochloric acid to prevent excessive acidity?

What structure controls the release of material from the stomach to the small intestine?

What substance protects the stomach lining from damage due to digestive juices?

Jim went for his annual medical check-up and was diagnosed with heartburn.Which of the following actions is most likely causing Jim's condition?

Which of the following products of digestion is not normally released directly into the bloodstream?

What is reflux?

What vessel carries blood from the liver to the heart?

After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract?

What is a bolus?

Which of the following conducts lymph into the vascular system?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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