Question 1

Which of the following terms describes an immune system that is inefficient and overactive in the aged?

Accepted Answer

A) Inflammaging 
B) Dysphagic cell mass 
C) Sarcopenic undermining 
D) Endentulous-induced wasting 
A) Inflammaging 
B) Dysphagic cell mass 
C) Sarcopenic undermining 
D) Endentulous-induced wasting

Question 2

All of the following are features of arthritis except

Accepted Answer

A) the immune system is directly involved in rheumatoid arthritis. 
B) weight loss improves the pain in the hands from osteoarthritis. 
C) weight-bearing exercises often aggravate the pain from osteoarthritis. 
D) supplements of glucosamine and chondroitin seem to reduce the pain of arthritis. 
A) the immune system is directly involved in rheumatoid arthritis. 
B) weight loss improves the pain in the hands from osteoarthritis. 
C) weight-bearing exercises often aggravate the pain from osteoarthritis. 
D) supplements of glucosamine and chondroitin seem to reduce the pain of arthritis.

Question 3

All of the following are characteristics of tooth loss in the elderly except

Accepted Answer

A) people without teeth have low intakes of fiber and vitamins. 
B) properly-fitted dentures are less effective than natural teeth. 
C) people without teeth commonly consume fewer fruits and vegetables. 
D) the consumption of applesauce instead of apples and creamed corn instead of corn on the cob reduces nutrient bioavailability and impairs nutritional health. 
A) people without teeth have low intakes of fiber and vitamins. 
B) properly-fitted dentures are less effective than natural teeth. 
C) people without teeth commonly consume fewer fruits and vegetables. 
D) the consumption of applesauce instead of apples and creamed corn instead of corn on the cob reduces nutrient bioavailability and impairs nutritional health.

Question 4

Goals of the federal Older Americans Act nutrition program include the provision of all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) transportation services. 
B) high-cost nutritious meals. 
C) opportunity for social interactions. 
D) counseling and referral to other social services. 
A) transportation services. 
B) high-cost nutritious meals. 
C) opportunity for social interactions. 
D) counseling and referral to other social services.

Question 5

What is the life expectancy of black males and females in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) 70-77 years 
B) 78-85 years 
C) 85-89 years 
D) 90-93 years 
A) 70-77 years 
B) 78-85 years 
C) 85-89 years 
D) 90-93 years

Question 6

Which of the following is a feature of energy intake and longevity?

Accepted Answer

A) Improvements in longevity depend on reducing energy intake but not on the amount of body fat 
B) Restriction of energy intake in genetically obese animals does not seem to improve longevity 
C) Biochemical markers for longevity in humans are improved only when energy intake is reduced by at least one-third 
D) The activities of the genes of older mice on energy-restricted diets are similar to those of mice on standard diets 
A) Improvements in longevity depend on reducing energy intake but not on the amount of body fat 
B) Restriction of energy intake in genetically obese animals does not seem to improve longevity 
C) Biochemical markers for longevity in humans are improved only when energy intake is reduced by at least one-third 
D) The activities of the genes of older mice on energy-restricted diets are similar to those of mice on standard diets

Question 7

Although many health-care professionals do not recommend a daily multivitamin-mineral supplement, the needs for which of the following nutrients are usually met from supplement use?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium 
B) Vitamin C 
C) Vitamin D 
D) Magnesium 
A) Calcium 
B) Vitamin C 
C) Vitamin D 
D) Magnesium

Question 8

All of the following are features of the Meals on Wheels program except

Accepted Answer

A) it is administered by volunteers. 
B) it operates at least 5 days a week. 
C) it provides the same social benefits as congregate meals. 
D) the only qualification to receive benefits is achieving the age of 60 years. 
A) it is administered by volunteers. 
B) it operates at least 5 days a week. 
C) it provides the same social benefits as congregate meals. 
D) the only qualification to receive benefits is achieving the age of 60 years.

Question 9

What is sarcopenia?

Accepted Answer

A) Loss of central visual activity 
B) Loss of muscle mass and strength 
C) Aging-induced chronic inflammation of the stomach 
D) Intestinal dysmotility from excessive use of laxatives 
A) Loss of central visual activity 
B) Loss of muscle mass and strength 
C) Aging-induced chronic inflammation of the stomach 
D) Intestinal dysmotility from excessive use of laxatives

Question 10

What fraction of the U.S.population receives food assistance of some kind?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/25 
B) 1/15 
C) 1/5 
D) 1/3 
A) 1/25 
B) 1/15 
C) 1/5 
D) 1/3

Question 11

A principal reason that congregate meals are preferable to Meals on Wheels is that

Accepted Answer

A) the cost of administering congregate meals is lower. 
B) there are more social benefits to congregate meals. 
C) nutritional benefits are greater with congregate meals. 
D) more meals per week are served with congregate meals. 
A) the cost of administering congregate meals is lower. 
B) there are more social benefits to congregate meals. 
C) nutritional benefits are greater with congregate meals. 
D) more meals per week are served with congregate meals.

Question 12

Approximately what percentage of a person's life expectancy is dependent upon his personal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 25 
C) 50 
D) 75 
A) 0 
B) 25 
C) 50 
D) 75

Question 13

All of the following are characteristics of age-related macular degeneration except

Accepted Answer

A) it is the leading cause of vision loss in older people. 
B) risk factors include sunlight-induced oxidative stress. 
C) dietary omega-3 fatty acids from fish may be protective. 
D) therapy includes elimination of purine-containing foods. 
A) it is the leading cause of vision loss in older people. 
B) risk factors include sunlight-induced oxidative stress. 
C) dietary omega-3 fatty acids from fish may be protective. 
D) therapy includes elimination of purine-containing foods.

Question 14

What fraction of the U.S.population lives in poverty?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/20 
B) 1/8 
C) 1/4 
D) 1/3 
A) 1/20 
B) 1/8 
C) 1/4 
D) 1/3

Question 15

Which of the following is a finding from studies of diet restriction in rats?

Accepted Answer

A) Restriction of specific nutrients exerted antiaging effects 
B) Energy-restricted diets led to life extension in 90% of the rats 
C) Energy-restricted diets led to lowering of the metabolic rate and body temperature 
D) Restriction of food intake only after rats reached maturity, but not before, resulted in extension of life span 
A) Restriction of specific nutrients exerted antiaging effects 
B) Energy-restricted diets led to life extension in 90% of the rats 
C) Energy-restricted diets led to lowering of the metabolic rate and body temperature 
D) Restriction of food intake only after rats reached maturity, but not before, resulted in extension of life span

Question 16

SNAP debit cards may be used to purchase all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) soap. 
B) seeds. 
C) cereal. 
D) cola beverages. 
A) soap. 
B) seeds. 
C) cereal. 
D) cola beverages.

Question 17

A person who is edentulous has

Accepted Answer

A) no teeth. 
B) low immunity. 
C) difficulty swallowing. 
D) diminished muscle mass. 
A) no teeth. 
B) low immunity. 
C) difficulty swallowing. 
D) diminished muscle mass.

Question 18

John is 60 years old and has been experiencing numbness in his hands for the past 3 months.His doctor suspects that John is not producing enough hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor and encourages him to eat more foods containing vitamin B12.What is wrong with this suggestion?

Accepted Answer

A) People missing intrinsic factor cannot digest foods containing vitamin B12 and will develop diarrhea 
B) Intrinsic factor is not associated with vitamin B12 and eating more foods containing it would have no effect on John's health 
C) It is improbable that a lack of hydrochloric acid production and intrinsic factor are associated with the numbness that John is experiencing 
D) Because John has no intrinsic factor, he cannot efficiently utilize vitamin B12 from natural sources and would need a vitamin B12-fortified food or supplement 
A) People missing intrinsic factor cannot digest foods containing vitamin B12 and will develop diarrhea 
B) Intrinsic factor is not associated with vitamin B12 and eating more foods containing it would have no effect on John's health 
C) It is improbable that a lack of hydrochloric acid production and intrinsic factor are associated with the numbness that John is experiencing 
D) Because John has no intrinsic factor, he cannot efficiently utilize vitamin B12 from natural sources and would need a vitamin B12-fortified food or supplement

Question 19

People who persistently restrict energy intake by 30% for 30 years can expect to increase longevity by up to how many years?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 6 
C) 9 
D) 12 
A) 3 
B) 6 
C) 9 
D) 12

Question 20

Which of the following is a feature of food choices and eating habits of older people?

Accepted Answer

A) The quality of life among older people has not improved since 1995 
B) Older people spend less money on foods to eat at home than younger people 
C) People over 65 are less likely to lose weight by dieting than are younger people 
D) Most older people think of themselves as generally unhappy and in poor health 
A) The quality of life among older people has not improved since 1995 
B) Older people spend less money on foods to eat at home than younger people 
C) People over 65 are less likely to lose weight by dieting than are younger people 
D) Most older people think of themselves as generally unhappy and in poor health

Exam 16: Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Which of the following terms describes an immune system that is inefficient and overactive in the aged?

All of the following are features of arthritis except

All of the following are characteristics of tooth loss in the elderly except

Goals of the federal Older Americans Act nutrition program include the provision of all of the following except

What is the life expectancy of black males and females in the United States?

Which of the following is a feature of energy intake and longevity?

Although many health-care professionals do not recommend a daily multivitamin-mineral supplement, the needs for which of the following nutrients are usually met from supplement use?

All of the following are features of the Meals on Wheels program except

What is sarcopenia?

What fraction of the U.S.population receives food assistance of some kind?

A principal reason that congregate meals are preferable to Meals on Wheels is that

Approximately what percentage of a person's life expectancy is dependent upon his personal behavior?

All of the following are characteristics of age-related macular degeneration except

What fraction of the U.S.population lives in poverty?

Which of the following is a finding from studies of diet restriction in rats?

SNAP debit cards may be used to purchase all of the following except

A person who is edentulous has

John is 60 years old and has been experiencing numbness in his hands for the past 3 months.His doctor suspects that John is not producing enough hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor and encourages him to eat more foods containing vitamin B12.What is wrong with this suggestion?

People who persistently restrict energy intake by 30% for 30 years can expect to increase longevity by up to how many years?

Which of the following is a feature of food choices and eating habits of older people?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

John is 60 years old and has been experiencing numbness in his hands for the past 3 months.His doctor suspects that John is not producing enough hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor and encourages him to eat more foods containing vitamin B₁₂.What is wrong with this suggestion?