Question 1

Which of the following is not a feature of potassium deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) It leads to hyperglycemia 
B) It leads to higher blood pressure 
C) It can be prevented by consumption of potatoes 
D) It is common due to availability of only a few good food sources 
A) It leads to hyperglycemia 
B) It leads to higher blood pressure 
C) It can be prevented by consumption of potatoes 
D) It is common due to availability of only a few good food sources

Question 2

Which of the following is a feature of sodium and health?

Accepted Answer

A) Salt sensitivity is generally rare in African-Americans 
B) High sodium intake is known to promote calcium excretion 
C) High sodium intake over many years leads to hypertension in most people 
D) Sodium alone and sodium in salt have nearly equivalent effects on blood pressure 
A) Salt sensitivity is generally rare in African-Americans 
B) High sodium intake is known to promote calcium excretion 
C) High sodium intake over many years leads to hypertension in most people 
D) Sodium alone and sodium in salt have nearly equivalent effects on blood pressure

Question 3

The incidence of death within 1 year of sustaining a hip fracture is about

Accepted Answer

A) 2% 
B) 6% 
C) 14% 
D) 25% 
A) 2% 
B) 6% 
C) 14% 
D) 25%

Question 4

What is the force that moves water into a space where a solute is more concentrated?

Accepted Answer

A) Buffer action 
B) Osmotic pressure 
C) Permeable selectivity 
D) Electrolyte imbalance 
A) Buffer action 
B) Osmotic pressure 
C) Permeable selectivity 
D) Electrolyte imbalance

Question 5

For every man who has type I osteoporosis, about how many women have it?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 6 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 6

Question 6

Approximately how much water (lbs) is found in a 134-lb person?

Accepted Answer

A) 34 
B) 65 
C) 80 
D) 105 
A) 34 
B) 65 
C) 80 
D) 105

Question 7

When a person loses fluid by sweating or bleeding, what minerals are lost in greatest quantity?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium and chloride 
B) Bicarbonate and sulfate 
C) Calcium and magnesium 
D) Potassium and phosphate 
A) Sodium and chloride 
B) Bicarbonate and sulfate 
C) Calcium and magnesium 
D) Potassium and phosphate

Question 8

What organ provides the major control for homeostasis of body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A) Liver 
B) Heart 
C) Kidneys 
D) Skeletal muscle 
A) Liver 
B) Heart 
C) Kidneys 
D) Skeletal muscle

Question 9

The approximate percentage of water in pizza is

Accepted Answer

A) 5. 
B) 15. 
C) 30. 
D) 45. 
A) 5. 
B) 15. 
C) 30. 
D) 45.

Question 10

The strongest predictor for loss of bone density is a person's

Accepted Answer

A) sex. 
B) age. 
C) calcium intake. 
D) blood estrogen level. 
A) sex. 
B) age. 
C) calcium intake. 
D) blood estrogen level.

Question 11

Tiffany is a strict vegan and does not consume calcium-rich plant foods nor supplements of calcium.Which of the following is most responsible for maintaining her blood calcium levels in the normal range?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcitonin 
B) Calmodulin 
C) Hydroxyapatite 
D) Parathyroid hormone 
A) Calcitonin 
B) Calmodulin 
C) Hydroxyapatite 
D) Parathyroid hormone

Question 12

How much sodium is contained in a fast-food deluxe hamburger that lists a salt content of 2.5 g?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 mg 
B) 125 mg 
C) 1,000 mg 
D) 2,500 mg 
A) 100 mg 
B) 125 mg 
C) 1,000 mg 
D) 2,500 mg

Question 13

Which of the following is a feature of calcium supplements?

Accepted Answer

A) Common antacids are used as a source of calcium 
B) The bioavailability of calcium from most supplements is significantly lower than from milk 
C) There are large differences in the efficiency of calcium absorption from various supplements 
D) The calcium in supplements made from oyster shell and bone meal is more absorbable than the calcium in calcium citrate and calcium lactate 
A) Common antacids are used as a source of calcium 
B) The bioavailability of calcium from most supplements is significantly lower than from milk 
C) There are large differences in the efficiency of calcium absorption from various supplements 
D) The calcium in supplements made from oyster shell and bone meal is more absorbable than the calcium in calcium citrate and calcium lactate

Question 14

The primary mechanism by which soy consumption may lower the risk for osteoporosis is related to

Accepted Answer

A) greater kidney retention of calcium. 
B) the presence of bioavailable calcium. 
C) more stable hydroxyapatite crystal formation. 
D) the estrogen-like activity of soy phytochemicals. 
A) greater kidney retention of calcium. 
B) the presence of bioavailable calcium. 
C) more stable hydroxyapatite crystal formation. 
D) the estrogen-like activity of soy phytochemicals.

Question 15

What is the minimum water intake for a 65-kg adult with an energy expenditure of 2,500 kcalories?

Accepted Answer

A) 250 mL 
B) 650 mL 
C) 1,250 mL 
D) 2,500 mL 
A) 250 mL 
B) 650 mL 
C) 1,250 mL 
D) 2,500 mL

Question 16

Which of the following types of drinking water contains the lowest amount of minerals?

Accepted Answer

A) Soft water 
B) Hard water 
C) Natural water 
D) Distilled water 
A) Soft water 
B) Hard water 
C) Natural water 
D) Distilled water

Question 17

What does a DEXA scan measure?

Accepted Answer

A) Bone density 
B) Severity of bone microfractures 
C) Bioavailability of calcium supplements 
D) Calcium absorption and excretion balance 
A) Bone density 
B) Severity of bone microfractures 
C) Bioavailability of calcium supplements 
D) Calcium absorption and excretion balance

Question 18

Which of the following is a feature of phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A) Involved in energy exchange 
B) Activates fat-soluble vitamins 
C) Ranks lowest among the minerals in amount present in the body 
D) Ranks highest among the minerals in amount present in the body 
A) Involved in energy exchange 
B) Activates fat-soluble vitamins 
C) Ranks lowest among the minerals in amount present in the body 
D) Ranks highest among the minerals in amount present in the body

Question 19

Aldosterone and renin each function to promote

Accepted Answer

A) electrolyte balance. 
B) retention of sodium. 
C) excretion of calcium. 
D) constriction of blood vessels. 
A) electrolyte balance. 
B) retention of sodium. 
C) excretion of calcium. 
D) constriction of blood vessels.

Question 20

Factors that are effective in regulating the body's water balance include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) adrenaline. 
B) aldosterone. 
C) angiotensin. 
D) antidiuretic hormone. 
A) adrenaline. 
B) aldosterone. 
C) angiotensin. 
D) antidiuretic hormone.

Exam 12: Water and the Major Minerals

Which of the following is not a feature of potassium deficiency?

Which of the following is a feature of sodium and health?

The incidence of death within 1 year of sustaining a hip fracture is about

What is the force that moves water into a space where a solute is more concentrated?

For every man who has type I osteoporosis, about how many women have it?

Approximately how much water (lbs) is found in a 134-lb person?

When a person loses fluid by sweating or bleeding, what minerals are lost in greatest quantity?

What organ provides the major control for homeostasis of body fluids?

The approximate percentage of water in pizza is

The strongest predictor for loss of bone density is a person's

Tiffany is a strict vegan and does not consume calcium-rich plant foods nor supplements of calcium.Which of the following is most responsible for maintaining her blood calcium levels in the normal range?

How much sodium is contained in a fast-food deluxe hamburger that lists a salt content of 2.5 g?

Which of the following is a feature of calcium supplements?

The primary mechanism by which soy consumption may lower the risk for osteoporosis is related to

What is the minimum water intake for a 65-kg adult with an energy expenditure of 2,500 kcalories?

Which of the following types of drinking water contains the lowest amount of minerals?

What does a DEXA scan measure?

Which of the following is a feature of phosphorus?

Aldosterone and renin each function to promote

Factors that are effective in regulating the body's water balance include all of the following except

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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