Question 1

Which of the following events is specific to a salt-sensitive individual?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood pressure increases as salt intake rises 
B) Immune system is activated when salt intake increases 
C) Muscle cramps occur when body sodium becomes depleted 
D) Thirst response is activated upon consumption of a sodium-rich food 
A) Blood pressure increases as salt intake rises 
B) Immune system is activated when salt intake increases 
C) Muscle cramps occur when body sodium becomes depleted 
D) Thirst response is activated upon consumption of a sodium-rich food

Question 2

All of the following are common participants in the regulation of body fluid pH except

Accepted Answer

A) proteins. 
B) oxalic acid. 
C) bicarbonate. 
D) carbonic acid. 
A) proteins. 
B) oxalic acid. 
C) bicarbonate. 
D) carbonic acid.

Question 3

Which of the following is a feature of osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A) It is most common in men over 45 years of age 
B) It has virtually no effect on blood calcium levels 
C) It results from short-term deprivation of dietary calcium 
D) It causes significant alterations in the blood levels of parathormone and calcitonin 
A) It is most common in men over 45 years of age 
B) It has virtually no effect on blood calcium levels 
C) It results from short-term deprivation of dietary calcium 
D) It causes significant alterations in the blood levels of parathormone and calcitonin

Question 4

Which of the following minerals is required in the enzymatic phosphorylation of ADP?

Accepted Answer

A) Iron 
B) Copper 
C) Sodium 
D) Magnesium 
A) Iron 
B) Copper 
C) Sodium 
D) Magnesium

Question 5

What is another term for hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A) High blood sodium 
B) High blood pressure 
C) Excessive mental stress 
D) Excessive muscular contraction 
A) High blood sodium 
B) High blood pressure 
C) Excessive mental stress 
D) Excessive muscular contraction

Question 6

Which of the following is not a feature of body weight and bone health?

Accepted Answer

A) Weight loss adversely affects bone density 
B) Negative energy balance typically reduces calcium absorption 
C) A low-calcium diet promotes similar bone loss in normal and overweight people 
D) People with BMIs over 30 have denser bones than their counterparts with BMIs around 25 
A) Weight loss adversely affects bone density 
B) Negative energy balance typically reduces calcium absorption 
C) A low-calcium diet promotes similar bone loss in normal and overweight people 
D) People with BMIs over 30 have denser bones than their counterparts with BMIs around 25

Question 7

Which of the following is present in highest concentration in soft water?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium 
B) Calcium 
C) Magnesium 
D) Phosphorus 
A) Sodium 
B) Calcium 
C) Magnesium 
D) Phosphorus

Question 8

Which of the following is a feature of magnesium in nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) Toxicity is common in people taking diuretics 
B) High intakes interfere with stability of tooth enamel 
C) The amounts present in hard water are poorly utilized 
D) Average intakes from food are below recommendations 
A) Toxicity is common in people taking diuretics 
B) High intakes interfere with stability of tooth enamel 
C) The amounts present in hard water are poorly utilized 
D) Average intakes from food are below recommendations

Question 9

Where is the majority of the body's magnesium found?

Accepted Answer

A) Bones 
B) Teeth 
C) Fatty tissue 
D) Cells of soft tissue 
A) Bones 
B) Teeth 
C) Fatty tissue 
D) Cells of soft tissue

Question 10

What is the minimum amount of water (mL) that must be excreted each day as urine in order to carry away the body's waste products?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 
B) 250 
C) 500 
D) 1,000 
A) 100 
B) 250 
C) 500 
D) 1,000

Question 11

Which of the following is a feature of type I osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A) It shows onset after 70 years of age 
B) It can be prevented by taking estrogen 
C) It leads to formation of the "dowager's hump" 
D) Its prevalence is similar between males and females 
A) It shows onset after 70 years of age 
B) It can be prevented by taking estrogen 
C) It leads to formation of the "dowager's hump" 
D) Its prevalence is similar between males and females

Question 12

Sam has recently been diagnosed with high blood pressure.His doctor recommended adopting the DASH diet plan.Along with including more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, he was also advised to reduce daily sodium intake to no more than 2000 mg.How much salt (g) would be allowed under Sam's restriction?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 6.5 
C) 8 
D) 9.5 
A) 5 
B) 6.5 
C) 8 
D) 9.5

Question 13

In the body, water that resides between cells is known as

Accepted Answer

A) diuretic fluid. 
B) interstitial fluid. 
C) edematous fluid. 
D) intravascular fluid. 
A) diuretic fluid. 
B) interstitial fluid. 
C) edematous fluid. 
D) intravascular fluid.

Question 14

Which of the following is a feature of potassium supplements?

Accepted Answer

A) Can cause toxicity 
B) Should always be taken with diuretics 
C) Necessary in treatment of low blood pressure 
D) Absorption of the mineral decreases markedly as intake increases 
A) Can cause toxicity 
B) Should always be taken with diuretics 
C) Necessary in treatment of low blood pressure 
D) Absorption of the mineral decreases markedly as intake increases

Question 15

Which of the following are good sources of dietary calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) Fruits 
B) Breads 
C) Enriched grains 
D) Certain green vegetables 
A) Fruits 
B) Breads 
C) Enriched grains 
D) Certain green vegetables

Question 16

Which of the following is a feature of phosphorus in nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) Dietary sources include fresh vegetables 
B) Dietary deficiencies are virtually unknown 
C) Absorption is known to be reduced by soft drink consumption 
D) Its participation in bone synthesis requires equivalent intake of dietary calcium 
A) Dietary sources include fresh vegetables 
B) Dietary deficiencies are virtually unknown 
C) Absorption is known to be reduced by soft drink consumption 
D) Its participation in bone synthesis requires equivalent intake of dietary calcium

Question 17

Approximately how many mL of water/day are produced by metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 
B) 250 
C) 500 
D) 750 
A) 100 
B) 250 
C) 500 
D) 750

Question 18

Which of the following is a general property of the minerals?

Accepted Answer

A) When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash 
B) Absorption efficiency from foods is similar among the minerals 
C) Minerals in food can be degraded by certain processing methods 
D) Some minerals in food are destroyed by exposure to ultraviolet light 
A) When a food is burned, all the minerals are found in the ash 
B) Absorption efficiency from foods is similar among the minerals 
C) Minerals in food can be degraded by certain processing methods 
D) Some minerals in food are destroyed by exposure to ultraviolet light

Question 19

Habitual intake of soft water is most likely to aggravate

Accepted Answer

A) scurvy. 
B) diabetes. 
C) hypertension. 
D) megaloblastic anemia. 
A) scurvy. 
B) diabetes. 
C) hypertension. 
D) megaloblastic anemia.

Question 20

Common side effects of taking a high-dose calcium supplement include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) constipation. 
B) excessive gas. 
C) intestinal bloating. 
D) increased iron absorption. 
A) constipation. 
B) excessive gas. 
C) intestinal bloating. 
D) increased iron absorption.

Exam 12: Water and the Major Minerals

Which of the following events is specific to a salt-sensitive individual?

All of the following are common participants in the regulation of body fluid pH except

Which of the following is a feature of osteoporosis?

Which of the following minerals is required in the enzymatic phosphorylation of ADP?

What is another term for hypertension?

Which of the following is not a feature of body weight and bone health?

Which of the following is present in highest concentration in soft water?

Which of the following is a feature of magnesium in nutrition?

Where is the majority of the body's magnesium found?

What is the minimum amount of water (mL) that must be excreted each day as urine in order to carry away the body's waste products?

Which of the following is a feature of type I osteoporosis?

In the body, water that resides between cells is known as

Which of the following is a feature of potassium supplements?

Which of the following are good sources of dietary calcium?

Which of the following is a feature of phosphorus in nutrition?

Approximately how many mL of water/day are produced by metabolism?

Which of the following is a general property of the minerals?

Habitual intake of soft water is most likely to aggravate

Common side effects of taking a high-dose calcium supplement include all of the following except

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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