Question 1

The normal blood pH range is approximately

Accepted Answer

A) 6.80-7.15. 
B) 6.98-7.12. 
C) 7.35-7.45. 
D) 7.55-8.55. 
A) 6.80-7.15. 
B) 6.98-7.12. 
C) 7.35-7.45. 
D) 7.55-8.55.

Question 2

All of the following dietary substances are known to adversely affect calcium balance except

Accepted Answer

A) a high-fiber diet. 
B) lactose in the diet. 
C) phytic acid in the diet. 
D) phosphorus in the diet at a level 3 times that of calcium. 
A) a high-fiber diet. 
B) lactose in the diet. 
C) phytic acid in the diet. 
D) phosphorus in the diet at a level 3 times that of calcium.

Question 3

All of the following are properties of electrolytes except

Accepted Answer

A) they attract water. 
B) they are charged particles. 
C) they carry electrical current. 
D) they include fat-soluble as well as water-soluble particles. 
A) they attract water. 
B) they are charged particles. 
C) they carry electrical current. 
D) they include fat-soluble as well as water-soluble particles.

Question 4

Sulfur is present in practically all

Accepted Answer

A) vitamins. 
B) proteins. 
C) fatty acids. 
D) carbohydrates. 
A) vitamins. 
B) proteins. 
C) fatty acids. 
D) carbohydrates.

Question 5

What is most likely to occur when a calcium supplement and an iron supplement are taken simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

A) Absorption of iron is reduced 
B) Absorption of iron is improved 
C) Excretion of iron in the urine is reduced 
D) Excretion of iron in the urine is enhanced 
A) Absorption of iron is reduced 
B) Absorption of iron is improved 
C) Excretion of iron in the urine is reduced 
D) Excretion of iron in the urine is enhanced

Question 6

Which of the following is a feature of water and nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) Water intoxication is rare but can result in death 
B) Water losses from the body are highest through the feces 
C) Chronic high intakes increase the risk for bladder cancer 
D) Soft water has significant concentrations of magnesium and calcium 
A) Water intoxication is rare but can result in death 
B) Water losses from the body are highest through the feces 
C) Chronic high intakes increase the risk for bladder cancer 
D) Soft water has significant concentrations of magnesium and calcium

Question 7

How many mg of calcium are present in a 500-mg tablet of calcium carbonate?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 
B) 200 
C) 350 
D) 500 
A) 100 
B) 200 
C) 350 
D) 500

Question 8

Calcium absorption is facilitated by the presence of

Accepted Answer

A) fiber. 
B) lactose. 
C) phytic acid. 
D) oxalic acid. 
A) fiber. 
B) lactose. 
C) phytic acid. 
D) oxalic acid.

Question 9

Which of the following does not serve as a major regulator of fluid balance in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium 
B) Chloride 
C) Calcium 
D) Potassium 
A) Sodium 
B) Chloride 
C) Calcium 
D) Potassium

Question 10

Barbara has been healthy up to the past couple of weeks, but since then has been complaining of considerable muscle weakness.Her doctor just received the results of blood tests, which showed that she is deficient in potassium.If Barbara continues her current habits of consuming a diet low in potassium, for which of the following disorders is she most likely to be at risk?

Accepted Answer

A) Rickets 
B) Arthritis 
C) Low blood pressure 
D) High blood pressure 
A) Rickets 
B) Arthritis 
C) Low blood pressure 
D) High blood pressure

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of calcium supplement use?

Accepted Answer

A) Taking them with a meal enhances absorption of calcium 
B) Taking them with iron supplements enhances absorption of iron 
C) Supplements of calcium carbonate show higher bioavailability than calcium citrate 
D) Small pills containing a large amount of calcium salt show faster dissolution in the stomach 
A) Taking them with a meal enhances absorption of calcium 
B) Taking them with iron supplements enhances absorption of iron 
C) Supplements of calcium carbonate show higher bioavailability than calcium citrate 
D) Small pills containing a large amount of calcium salt show faster dissolution in the stomach

Question 12

Even in people with normal blood pressure, what percent are salt sensitive?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 25 
C) 50 
D) 100 
A) 10 
B) 25 
C) 50 
D) 100

Question 13

Why are salt tablets generally not recommended for people engaged in physical activity?

Accepted Answer

A) They can induce dehydration 
B) They suppress the thirst mechanisms 
C) They may lead to complete kidney failure 
D) They reduce blood glucose concentration 
A) They can induce dehydration 
B) They suppress the thirst mechanisms 
C) They may lead to complete kidney failure 
D) They reduce blood glucose concentration

Question 14

What is the function of renin?

Accepted Answer

A) Activates angiotensin 
B) Activates antidiuretic hormone 
C) Stimulates the thirst mechanism 
D) Stimulates water absorption from the GI tract 
A) Activates angiotensin 
B) Activates antidiuretic hormone 
C) Stimulates the thirst mechanism 
D) Stimulates water absorption from the GI tract

Question 15

Which of the following green vegetables shows the lowest bioavailability of calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) Kale 
B) Spinach 
C) Broccoli 
D) Mustard greens 
A) Kale 
B) Spinach 
C) Broccoli 
D) Mustard greens

Question 16

What minimum percentage of body weight loss as water results in fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite?

Accepted Answer

A) 1-2 
B) 3-4 
C) 5-6 
D) 7-8 
A) 1-2 
B) 3-4 
C) 5-6 
D) 7-8

Question 17

What pituitary hormone regulates kidney retention of water?

Accepted Answer

A) Thyroxine 
B) Cortisone 
C) Epinephrine 
D) Antidiuretic hormone 
A) Thyroxine 
B) Cortisone 
C) Epinephrine 
D) Antidiuretic hormone

Question 18

What is the major intracellular anion?

Accepted Answer

A) Protein 
B) Sodium 
C) Phosphate 
D) Bicarbonate 
A) Protein 
B) Sodium 
C) Phosphate 
D) Bicarbonate

Question 19

All of the following are mild symptoms of dehydration except

Accepted Answer

A) thirst. 
B) fatigue. 
C) weakness. 
D) spastic muscles. 
A) thirst. 
B) fatigue. 
C) weakness. 
D) spastic muscles.

Question 20

To minimize the risk of calcium toxicity, total daily intakes should be held to a maximum of

Accepted Answer

A) 500 mg. 
B) 1,000 mg. 
C) 2,500 mg. 
D) 5,000 mg. 
A) 500 mg. 
B) 1,000 mg. 
C) 2,500 mg. 
D) 5,000 mg.

Exam 12: Water and the Major Minerals

The normal blood pH range is approximately

All of the following dietary substances are known to adversely affect calcium balance except

All of the following are properties of electrolytes except

Sulfur is present in practically all

What is most likely to occur when a calcium supplement and an iron supplement are taken simultaneously?

Which of the following is a feature of water and nutrition?

How many mg of calcium are present in a 500-mg tablet of calcium carbonate?

Calcium absorption is facilitated by the presence of

Which of the following does not serve as a major regulator of fluid balance in the body?

Which of the following is a characteristic of calcium supplement use?

Even in people with normal blood pressure, what percent are salt sensitive?

Why are salt tablets generally not recommended for people engaged in physical activity?

What is the function of renin?

Which of the following green vegetables shows the lowest bioavailability of calcium?

What minimum percentage of body weight loss as water results in fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite?

What pituitary hormone regulates kidney retention of water?

What is the major intracellular anion?

All of the following are mild symptoms of dehydration except

To minimize the risk of calcium toxicity, total daily intakes should be held to a maximum of

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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