Question 1

The chemical mediators of anaphylaxis are

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen-antibody complexes. 
B)  the proteins of the complement system. 
C)  antigens. 
D)  found in basophils and mast cells. 
E)  antibodies. 
A)  antigen-antibody complexes. 
B)  the proteins of the complement system. 
C)  antigens. 
D)  found in basophils and mast cells. 
E)  antibodies. D

Question 2

Which of the following statements about type I reactions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The symptoms are due to histamine. 
B)  They involve IgE antibodies. 
C)  Antibodies bind to mast cells and basophils. 
D)  They involve helper T cells. 
E)  The symptoms occur soon after exposure to an antigen. 
A)  The symptoms are due to histamine. 
B)  They involve IgE antibodies. 
C)  Antibodies bind to mast cells and basophils. 
D)  They involve helper T cells. 
E)  The symptoms occur soon after exposure to an antigen. D

Question 3

Allergic contact dermatitis is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  activated macrophages. 
B)  sensitized T cells. 
C)  IgE antibodies. 
D)  IgM antibodies. 
E)  IgG antibodies. 
A)  activated macrophages. 
B)  sensitized T cells. 
C)  IgE antibodies. 
D)  IgM antibodies. 
E)  IgG antibodies. B

Question 4

Worldwide, the primary method of transmission of HIV is

Accepted Answer

A)  blood transfusions. 
B)  nosocomial. 
C)  heterosexual intercourse. 
D)  homosexual intercourse. 
E)  intravenous drug use. 
A)  blood transfusions. 
B)  nosocomial. 
C)  heterosexual intercourse. 
D)  homosexual intercourse. 
E)  intravenous drug use.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about type IV reactions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reactions are primarily due to T cell proliferation. 
B)  Allergic contact dermatitis is an example. 
C)  Reactions are not apparent for a day or more. 
D)  Cytokines initiate tissue damage. 
E)  Hemolytic disease of the newborn is an example. 
A)  Reactions are primarily due to T cell proliferation. 
B)  Allergic contact dermatitis is an example. 
C)  Reactions are not apparent for a day or more. 
D)  Cytokines initiate tissue damage. 
E)  Hemolytic disease of the newborn is an example.

Question 6

A health care worker had a needlestick injury while drawing blood from an AIDS patient. Lab tests on the workerʹs serum were negative. Explain why the worker can still be infected even though her lab tests were negative. How should her health care be monitored?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A health care worker had a needlestick...

Question 7

HIV attack of CD4+ T cells causes suppression of both cell-mediated and humoral immune responses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Explain the relationship between thymic selection of maturing T cells and self tolerance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the relationship between thymic selection of...

Question 9

Desensitization involves injection of

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG antibodies. 
B)  antigens. 
C)  histamine. 
D)  antihistamine. 
E)  IgE antibodies. 
A)  IgG antibodies. 
B)  antigens. 
C)  histamine. 
D)  antihistamine. 
E)  IgE antibodies.

Question 10

Which is true regarding Herceptin therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is used to treat some breast cancer patients. 
B)  It is a vaccine to prevent the development of cancer. 
C)  It is an endotoxin that stimulates TNF by macrophages. 
D)  It acts as an immunotoxin to target and kill cancer cells. 
E)  It neutralizes the growth factor EGF. 
A)  It is used to treat some breast cancer patients. 
B)  It is a vaccine to prevent the development of cancer. 
C)  It is an endotoxin that stimulates TNF by macrophages. 
D)  It acts as an immunotoxin to target and kill cancer cells. 
E)  It neutralizes the growth factor EGF.

Question 11

HIV is believed to have arisen by mutation of a virus endemic to wild animals in Africa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Cancer is similar to an infectious disease in that it is due to a failure of the bodyʹs defenses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The process of desensitization to prevent allergies involves the injection of increasing amounts of

Accepted Answer

A)  antihistamine. 
B)  antigen. 
C)  IgG. 
D)  RhoGAM. 
E)  IgE. 
A)  antihistamine. 
B)  antigen. 
C)  IgG. 
D)  RhoGAM. 
E)  IgE.

Question 14

All of the following are true of hypersensitivity EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  it is due to an altered immune response. 
B)  it requires previous exposure to an antigen. 
C)  it is synonymous with ʺallergy.ʺ 
D)  it occurs when an individual is exposed to an allergen for the first time. 
E)  it occurs in the presence of an antigen. 
A)  it is due to an altered immune response. 
B)  it requires previous exposure to an antigen. 
C)  it is synonymous with ʺallergy.ʺ 
D)  it occurs when an individual is exposed to an allergen for the first time. 
E)  it occurs in the presence of an antigen.

Question 15

All stem cells are derived from embryonic stem cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

All of the following are reasons why an HIV vaccine has not been developed EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no known animal model of natural immunity for HIV infection. 
B)  vaccines are not effective against viral infections. 
C)  small, inexpensive animals which could be used for HIV vaccine research are not available. 
D)  HIV has a high mutation rate so one vaccination would not be effective to treat the world-wide pandemic. 
E)  use of a weakened virus would potentially transmit the infection. 
A)  there is no known animal model of natural immunity for HIV infection. 
B)  vaccines are not effective against viral infections. 
C)  small, inexpensive animals which could be used for HIV vaccine research are not available. 
D)  HIV has a high mutation rate so one vaccination would not be effective to treat the world-wide pandemic. 
E)  use of a weakened virus would potentially transmit the infection.

Question 17

Which antibodies will be in the serum of a person with blood type B, Rh+?

Accepted Answer

A)  anti-A, anti-B, anti-Rh 
B)  anti-A 
C)  anti-A, anti-Rh 
D)  anti-B 
E)  anti-B, anti-Rh 
A)  anti-A, anti-B, anti-Rh 
B)  anti-A 
C)  anti-A, anti-Rh 
D)  anti-B 
E)  anti-B, anti-Rh

Question 18

Which of the following may result from systemic anaphylaxis?

Accepted Answer

A)  immunodeficiency 
B)  shock 
C)  asthma 
D)  hay fever 
E)  hives 
A)  immunodeficiency 
B)  shock 
C)  asthma 
D)  hay fever 
E)  hives

Question 19

When testing donated blood for compatibility you would find a person with O type blood

Accepted Answer

A)  will lack plasma antibodies to A and B type antigens. 
B)  has O type antigens on their red blood cells. 
C)  will have anti-O antibodies in their plasma. 
D)  lacks HLA and MHC antigens. 
E)  will lack A and B red blood cell antigens. 
A)  will lack plasma antibodies to A and B type antigens. 
B)  has O type antigens on their red blood cells. 
C)  will have anti-O antibodies in their plasma. 
D)  lacks HLA and MHC antigens. 
E)  will lack A and B red blood cell antigens.

Question 20

Attachment of HIV to the target cell depends on

Accepted Answer

A)  gp41 binding to the CD4+ receptor. 
B)  gp120 combining with the chemokine receptor CCR5. 
C)  CXCR4 binding to the CD4+ receptor. 
D)  gp120 binding to the CD4+ plasma membrane. 
E)  gp120 combining with the CD4+ receptor. 
A)  gp41 binding to the CD4+ receptor. 
B)  gp120 combining with the chemokine receptor CCR5. 
C)  CXCR4 binding to the CD4+ receptor. 
D)  gp120 binding to the CD4+ plasma membrane. 
E)  gp120 combining with the CD4+ receptor.

Exam 19: Disorders Associated With the Immune System

The chemical mediators of anaphylaxis are

Which of the following statements about type I reactions is FALSE?

Allergic contact dermatitis is due to

Worldwide, the primary method of transmission of HIV is

Which of the following statements about type IV reactions is FALSE?

A health care worker had a needlestick injury while drawing blood from an AIDS patient. Lab tests on the workerʹs serum were negative. Explain why the worker can still be infected even though her lab tests were negative. How should her health care be monitored?

HIV attack of CD4+ T cells causes suppression of both cell-mediated and humoral immune responses.

Explain the relationship between thymic selection of maturing T cells and self tolerance.

Desensitization involves injection of

Which is true regarding Herceptin therapy?

HIV is believed to have arisen by mutation of a virus endemic to wild animals in Africa.

Cancer is similar to an infectious disease in that it is due to a failure of the bodyʹs defenses.

The process of desensitization to prevent allergies involves the injection of increasing amounts of

All of the following are true of hypersensitivity EXCEPT

All stem cells are derived from embryonic stem cells.

All of the following are reasons why an HIV vaccine has not been developed EXCEPT

Which antibodies will be in the serum of a person with blood type B, Rh+?

Which of the following may result from systemic anaphylaxis?

When testing donated blood for compatibility you would find a person with O type blood

Attachment of HIV to the target cell depends on

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Disease of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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