Question 1

Which of the following is a carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Triglyceride 
B)  Hemoglobin 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Animal fat 
E)  Sucrose 
A)  Triglyceride 
B)  Hemoglobin 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Animal fat 
E)  Sucrose

Question 2

Denaturation is

Accepted Answer

A)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
B)  a positively charged ion. 
C)  a negatively charged ion. 
D)  a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
E)  a change in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
A)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
B)  a positively charged ion. 
C)  a negatively charged ion. 
D)  a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
E)  a change in the three-dimensional structure of a protein.

Question 3

The molecular formula H2O means

Accepted Answer

A)  1 hydrogen atom and 2 oxygen atoms. 
B)  1 hydrogen atom and 1 oxygen atom. 
C)  2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. 
D)  2 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms. 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  1 hydrogen atom and 2 oxygen atoms. 
B)  1 hydrogen atom and 1 oxygen atom. 
C)  2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. 
D)  2 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms. 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 4

A substance that will increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed is called a/an ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  solute 
B)  catalyst 
C)  oxidator 
D)  reducing agent 
A)  solute 
B)  catalyst 
C)  oxidator 
D)  reducing agent

Question 5

________ is the substrate of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose; lactose 
B)  Lactase; glucose 
C)  Lactose; lactase 
D)  Galactose; lactose 
E)  Sucrase; sucrose 
A)  Glucose; lactose 
B)  Lactase; glucose 
C)  Lactose; lactase 
D)  Galactose; lactose 
E)  Sucrase; sucrose

Question 6

All of the synthesis reactions in the body are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  catabolism 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  oxidation-reduction 
D)  anabolism 
E)  dissociation 
A)  catabolism 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  oxidation-reduction 
D)  anabolism 
E)  dissociation

Question 7

Potential energy stored in bonds of molecules is ________ energy.

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanical 
B)  thermal 
C)  chemical 
D)  molecular 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  mechanical 
B)  thermal 
C)  chemical 
D)  molecular 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in reactant concentration 
B)  An increase in product concentration 
C)  A decreased temperature 
D)  Enzyme inhibition 
A)  An increase in reactant concentration 
B)  An increase in product concentration 
C)  A decreased temperature 
D)  Enzyme inhibition

Question 9

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water allows the body to resist sudden temperature changes. 
B)  Water transports nutrients in the body. 
C)  Water serves as an effective lubricant in our bodies. 
D)  Water evaporation cools the body. 
E)  Water evaporation heats the body. 
A)  Water allows the body to resist sudden temperature changes. 
B)  Water transports nutrients in the body. 
C)  Water serves as an effective lubricant in our bodies. 
D)  Water evaporation cools the body. 
E)  Water evaporation heats the body.

Question 10

Which of these molecules is hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Cholesterol 
C)  Amino acid 
D)  Protein 
E)  Disaccharide 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Cholesterol 
C)  Amino acid 
D)  Protein 
E)  Disaccharide

Question 11

Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the activation energy of the reaction. 
B)  decreasing the activation energy of the reaction. 
C)  adjusting the temperature of the reaction. 
D)  increasing the concentration of the reactants. 
A)  increasing the activation energy of the reaction. 
B)  decreasing the activation energy of the reaction. 
C)  adjusting the temperature of the reaction. 
D)  increasing the concentration of the reactants.

Question 12

Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  solutes 
B)  solvents 
C)  catalysts 
D)  osmoles 
E)  insoluble 
A)  solutes 
B)  solvents 
C)  catalysts 
D)  osmoles 
E)  insoluble

Question 13

Synthesis reactions are also called catabolic reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Sandy had a cookie for a snack. Which of the following statements accurately describes the fate of the carbon atoms in the sugar molecules present in Sandy's cookie after she ingested it?

Accepted Answer

A)  The carbon atoms combined with hydrogen ions to buffer the stomach acids. 
B)  The carbon atoms were released as part of carbon dioxide, which later was excreted as part of Sandy's urine. 
C)  The carbon atoms were released as part of carbon dioxide, which later was excreted as part of exhaled air. 
D)  The carbon atoms were stored in Sandy's bones until they were needed for some other cellular process. 
A)  The carbon atoms combined with hydrogen ions to buffer the stomach acids. 
B)  The carbon atoms were released as part of carbon dioxide, which later was excreted as part of Sandy's urine. 
C)  The carbon atoms were released as part of carbon dioxide, which later was excreted as part of exhaled air. 
D)  The carbon atoms were stored in Sandy's bones until they were needed for some other cellular process.

Question 15

Ribose is the

Accepted Answer

A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
C)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
D)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
E)  sugar found in RNA and ATP. 
A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
C)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
D)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
E)  sugar found in RNA and ATP.

Question 16

Viruses are composed primarily of proteins and nucleic acids. Which of the following elements could be used to track the fate of viral proteins to determine if they entered the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphate because proteins contain phosphate, but nucleic acids do not 
B)  Sulfur because proteins contain sulfur, but nucleic acids do not 
C)  Nitrogen because proteins contain nitrogen, but nucleic acids do not 
D)  Oxygen because proteins contain oxygen, but nucleic acids do not 
A)  Phosphate because proteins contain phosphate, but nucleic acids do not 
B)  Sulfur because proteins contain sulfur, but nucleic acids do not 
C)  Nitrogen because proteins contain nitrogen, but nucleic acids do not 
D)  Oxygen because proteins contain oxygen, but nucleic acids do not

Question 17

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribose - RNA 
B)  Enzyme - protein 
C)  Cholesterol - nucleic acid 
D)  Triglyceride - fat 
E)  Eicosanoid - prostaglandin 
A)  Ribose - RNA 
B)  Enzyme - protein 
C)  Cholesterol - nucleic acid 
D)  Triglyceride - fat 
E)  Eicosanoid - prostaglandin

Question 18

________ is a monosaccharide, whereas ________ is a polysaccharide.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fructose; sucrose 
B)  Galactose; maltose 
C)  Lactose; glycogen 
D)  Glucose; starch 
E)  Cellulose; glucose 
A)  Fructose; sucrose 
B)  Galactose; maltose 
C)  Lactose; glycogen 
D)  Glucose; starch 
E)  Cellulose; glucose

Question 19

Which of these has the highest H+ concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lemon juice, pH = 2.3 
B)  Red wine, pH = 3.2 
C)  Tomato juice, pH = 4.7 
D)  Saliva, pH = 6.6 
E)  Household ammonia, pH = 10.8 
A)  Lemon juice, pH = 2.3 
B)  Red wine, pH = 3.2 
C)  Tomato juice, pH = 4.7 
D)  Saliva, pH = 6.6 
E)  Household ammonia, pH = 10.8

Question 20

Consider the following five terms. Which term does not belong with the other four terms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Disaccharide 
B)  Sucrose 
C)  Lactose 
D)  Maltose 
E)  Glucose 
A)  Disaccharide 
B)  Sucrose 
C)  Lactose 
D)  Maltose 
E)  Glucose

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Which of the following is a carbohydrate?

Denaturation is

The molecular formula H2O means

A substance that will increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed is called a/an ________.

________ is the substrate of ________.

All of the synthesis reactions in the body are called ________.

Potential energy stored in bonds of molecules is ________ energy.

Which of the following will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Which of the following statements is false?

Which of these molecules is hydrophobic?

Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions by

Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called ________.

Synthesis reactions are also called catabolic reactions.

Sandy had a cookie for a snack. Which of the following statements accurately describes the fate of the carbon atoms in the sugar molecules present in Sandy's cookie after she ingested it?

Ribose is the

Viruses are composed primarily of proteins and nucleic acids. Which of the following elements could be used to track the fate of viral proteins to determine if they entered the cell?

Which of the following is mismatched?

________ is a monosaccharide, whereas ________ is a polysaccharide.

Which of these has the highest H+ concentration?

Consider the following five terms. Which term does not belong with the other four terms?

The Human Organism

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

The molecular formula H₂O means

is the substrate of .

is a monosaccharide, whereas is a polysaccharide.

Which of these has the highest H⁺ concentration?