Question 1

When glucose enters a cell, it is phosphorylated to form ________.

Accepted Answer

glucose-6-phosphate

Question 2

Glycolysis is best defined as the breakdown of

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose to carbon dioxide and water. 
B)  glucose to two molecules of pyruvate. 
C)  pyruvate to carbon dioxide and water. 
D)  glycogen to glucose-6-phosphate. 
E)  glucose to glycogen. 
A)  glucose to carbon dioxide and water. 
B)  glucose to two molecules of pyruvate. 
C)  pyruvate to carbon dioxide and water. 
D)  glycogen to glucose-6-phosphate. 
E)  glucose to glycogen. B

Question 3

Match the mineral with its function.
-Zinc

Accepted Answer

A) Functions in carbon dioxide metabolism and transport, also needed for protein metabolism 
B) Component of hemoglobin 
C) A constituent of coenzymes; needed for bone formation and proper function of nerve and muscle 
D) Needed for the production of thyroxine 
E) Component of nucleic acids and ATP; used in bone formation 
A) Functions in carbon dioxide metabolism and transport, also needed for protein metabolism 
B) Component of hemoglobin 
C) A constituent of coenzymes; needed for bone formation and proper function of nerve and muscle 
D) Needed for the production of thyroxine 
E) Component of nucleic acids and ATP; used in bone formation A

Question 4

Glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids can be metabolized within the cell to liberate ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen 
B)  energy 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  hydrogen 
E)  nitrogen 
A)  oxygen 
B)  energy 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  hydrogen 
E)  nitrogen

Question 5

The primary source of energy for most cells is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sucrose 
B)  fructose 
C)  glucose 
D)  maltose 
E)  lactose 
A)  sucrose 
B)  fructose 
C)  glucose 
D)  maltose 
E)  lactose

Question 6

Which of the following statements concerning the electron-transport chain is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen ions are pumped across the plasma membrane. 
B)  Electrons pass from one electron carrier to another in the electron transport chain. 
C)  Water serves as the final electron acceptor. 
D)  Chemiosmosis forms carbon dioxide. 
E)  The chemiosmosis model refers to movement of water. 
A)  Hydrogen ions are pumped across the plasma membrane. 
B)  Electrons pass from one electron carrier to another in the electron transport chain. 
C)  Water serves as the final electron acceptor. 
D)  Chemiosmosis forms carbon dioxide. 
E)  The chemiosmosis model refers to movement of water.

Question 7

Theoretically, 7 NADH molecules provide enough energy to produce 28 molecules of ATP at the electron-transport chain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Most of the lipids in the body are stored in what form?

Accepted Answer

A)  LDL 
B)  HDL 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Triglycerides 
E)  Fatty acids 
A)  LDL 
B)  HDL 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Triglycerides 
E)  Fatty acids

Question 9

The digestion of complex carbohydrates into monosaccharides is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolism 
B)  synthesis 
C)  absorption 
D)  catabolism 
A)  anabolism 
B)  synthesis 
C)  absorption 
D)  catabolism

Question 10

The result of five turns of the citric acid cycle would be

Accepted Answer

A)  5 ATP, 5 NADH, 5 FADH2, 5 carbon dioxide. 
B)  5 ATP, 15 NADH, 5 FADH2, 10 carbon dioxide. 
C)  10 ATP, 30 NADH, 10 FADH2, 20 carbon dioxide. 
D)  10 ATP, 10 NADH, 5 FADH2, 10 carbon dioxide. 
E)  15 ATP, 15 NADH, 15 FADH2, 15 carbon dioxide 
A)  5 ATP, 5 NADH, 5 FADH2, 5 carbon dioxide. 
B)  5 ATP, 15 NADH, 5 FADH2, 10 carbon dioxide. 
C)  10 ATP, 30 NADH, 10 FADH2, 20 carbon dioxide. 
D)  10 ATP, 10 NADH, 5 FADH2, 10 carbon dioxide. 
E)  15 ATP, 15 NADH, 15 FADH2, 15 carbon dioxide

Question 11

Transamination

Accepted Answer

A)  results in free fatty acids. 
B)  requires glucose. 
C)  can be used to synthesize essential amino acids. 
D)  involves removing an amine group from an amino acid. 
E)  directly produces urea. 
A)  results in free fatty acids. 
B)  requires glucose. 
C)  can be used to synthesize essential amino acids. 
D)  involves removing an amine group from an amino acid. 
E)  directly produces urea.

Question 12

The absorptive state

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs immediately to about 4 hours after meals. 
B)  is when glycogenolysis usually occurs. 
C)  has gluconeogenesis as one of its main events. 
D)  occurs in the large intestine. 
E)  occurs just before breakfast. 
A)  occurs immediately to about 4 hours after meals. 
B)  is when glycogenolysis usually occurs. 
C)  has gluconeogenesis as one of its main events. 
D)  occurs in the large intestine. 
E)  occurs just before breakfast.

Question 13

Match the vitamin with its function in the body.
-Riboflavin

Accepted Answer

A) Required for the synthesis of clotting factors (prothrombin) 
B) Is a component of the coenzyme FAD 
C) Promotes calcium and phosphorus use 
D) Involved in amino acid metabolism 
E) Primary constituent of coenzyme A 
A) Required for the synthesis of clotting factors (prothrombin) 
B) Is a component of the coenzyme FAD 
C) Promotes calcium and phosphorus use 
D) Involved in amino acid metabolism 
E) Primary constituent of coenzyme A

Question 14

Essential nutrients

Accepted Answer

A)  are important in the diet but not necessary for life. 
B)  are the only nutrients required by the body. 
C)  cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body. 
D)  are needed to make food taste good. 
E)  are manufactured by the body. 
A)  are important in the diet but not necessary for life. 
B)  are the only nutrients required by the body. 
C)  cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body. 
D)  are needed to make food taste good. 
E)  are manufactured by the body.

Question 15

Where does glycolysis take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the inner compartment of the mitochondrion 
B)  On the surface of the mitochondrion 
C)  In the cytoplasm of the cell 
D)  Along the cristae of the mitochondrion 
A)  In the inner compartment of the mitochondrion 
B)  On the surface of the mitochondrion 
C)  In the cytoplasm of the cell 
D)  Along the cristae of the mitochondrion

Question 16

Both glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis are examples of catabolic reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

MyPlate was established by the USDA to help remind consumers of how to build a healthful meal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Excess glucose in animals is stored as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  starch 
B)  sucrose 
C)  glycogen 
D)  galactose 
E)  cellulose 
A)  starch 
B)  sucrose 
C)  glycogen 
D)  galactose 
E)  cellulose

Question 19

Use the following key to choose the best answer.
-Structural component of plasma membrane

Accepted Answer

A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids 
A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids

Question 20

Match the vitamin with its associated disease.
-Vitamin A

Accepted Answer

A) Scurvy 
B) Night blindness 
C) Beriberi 
D) Pellagra 
E) Pernicious anemia 
A) Scurvy 
B) Night blindness 
C) Beriberi 
D) Pellagra 
E) Pernicious anemia

Exam 25: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

When glucose enters a cell, it is phosphorylated to form ________.

Glycolysis is best defined as the breakdown of

Match the mineral with its function. -Zinc

Glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids can be metabolized within the cell to liberate ________.

The primary source of energy for most cells is ________.

Which of the following statements concerning the electron-transport chain is true?

Theoretically, 7 NADH molecules provide enough energy to produce 28 molecules of ATP at the electron-transport chain.

Most of the lipids in the body are stored in what form?

The digestion of complex carbohydrates into monosaccharides is an example of ________.

The result of five turns of the citric acid cycle would be

Transamination

The absorptive state

Match the vitamin with its function in the body. -Riboflavin

Essential nutrients

Where does glycolysis take place?

Both glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis are examples of catabolic reactions.

MyPlate was established by the USDA to help remind consumers of how to build a healthful meal.

Excess glucose in animals is stored as ________.

Use the following key to choose the best answer. -Structural component of plasma membrane

Match the vitamin with its associated disease. -Vitamin A

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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