Question 1

The enteric nervous system acts independently of the CNS to control local reflexes in the digestive tract.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Nancy has several dental caries on the visible surface of one of her molars. The caries have eroded through to the pulp cavity. Which of the following accurately lists the layers affected by the caries?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dentin, enamel, cementum 
B)  Enamel, dentin 
C)  Cementum, dentin 
D)  Enamel only 
A)  Dentin, enamel, cementum 
B)  Enamel, dentin 
C)  Cementum, dentin 
D)  Enamel only B

Question 3

The salivary glands that open into the oral cavity beside the frenulum of the tongue are the ________ glands.

Accepted Answer

A)  parotid 
B)  sublingual 
C)  submandibular 
D)  labial 
E)  lacrimal 
A)  parotid 
B)  sublingual 
C)  submandibular 
D)  labial 
E)  lacrimal C

Question 4

Which of the following is an end product of protein digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Amino acids 
C)  LDL molecules 
D)  Micelles 
E)  Nucleic acids 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Amino acids 
C)  LDL molecules 
D)  Micelles 
E)  Nucleic acids

Question 5

The pyloric pump

Accepted Answer

A)  mixes stomach contents for digestion. 
B)  causes hunger contractions. 
C)  moves chyme through a partially closed pyloric opening. 
D)  causes rugae to flatten. 
E)  opens the pyloric sphincter completely. 
A)  mixes stomach contents for digestion. 
B)  causes hunger contractions. 
C)  moves chyme through a partially closed pyloric opening. 
D)  causes rugae to flatten. 
E)  opens the pyloric sphincter completely.

Question 6

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mucosa - controls peristalsis 
B)  Serosa - contains an extensive supply of nerves and blood vessels 
C)  Submucosa - lamina propria 
D)  Serosa - increased surface area 
E)  Muscularis - responsible for peristalsis 
A)  Mucosa - controls peristalsis 
B)  Serosa - contains an extensive supply of nerves and blood vessels 
C)  Submucosa - lamina propria 
D)  Serosa - increased surface area 
E)  Muscularis - responsible for peristalsis

Question 7

The chemical digestion of the disaccharides occurs in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  small intestine 
B)  large intestine 
C)  mouth 
D)  stomach 
E)  esophagus 
A)  small intestine 
B)  large intestine 
C)  mouth 
D)  stomach 
E)  esophagus

Question 8

Use the key to choose the best answer.
-(1) pH in the stomach during digestion
(2) pH in the duodenum during digestion

Accepted Answer

A) First item is greater than the second item. 
B) First item is less than the second item. 
C) First item is equal or nearly equal to the second item. 
A) First item is greater than the second item. 
B) First item is less than the second item. 
C) First item is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

Question 9

Match the enzyme or hormone with the organ that produces it.
-Disaccharidase

Accepted Answer

A) Salivary glands 
B) Stomach 
C) Liver 
D) Small intestine 
E) Pancreas 
A) Salivary glands 
B) Stomach 
C) Liver 
D) Small intestine 
E) Pancreas

Question 10

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Segmental contractions - mix intestinal contents 
B)  Peristaltic contractions - propel intestinal contents along G.I. tract 
C)  Sympathetic nerve fibers - increase intestinal motility 
D)  Distention of intestinal wall - increases intestinal motility 
E)  Parasympathetic nerve fibers - stimulate secretion of pancreatic juices 
A)  Segmental contractions - mix intestinal contents 
B)  Peristaltic contractions - propel intestinal contents along G.I. tract 
C)  Sympathetic nerve fibers - increase intestinal motility 
D)  Distention of intestinal wall - increases intestinal motility 
E)  Parasympathetic nerve fibers - stimulate secretion of pancreatic juices

Question 11

Gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer can all be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium. 
B)  increased secretion of gastric bicarbonate. 
C)  pH of the stomach contents continuously greater than 4. 
D)  increased mucus production by the neck cells. 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium. 
B)  increased secretion of gastric bicarbonate. 
C)  pH of the stomach contents continuously greater than 4. 
D)  increased mucus production by the neck cells. 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 12

How are ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate transported from the intestinal lumen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Passive transport 
B)  Osmosis 
C)  Diffusion 
D)  Active transport 
A)  Passive transport 
B)  Osmosis 
C)  Diffusion 
D)  Active transport

Question 13

A cell needs a receptor in order to absorb LDLs. A disease that interferes with the functioning of these LDL receptors would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase serum cholesterol levels. 
B)  decrease serum cholesterol levels. 
C)  halt endocytosis. 
D)  promote endocytosis. 
E)  have no effect on serum cholesterol or endocytosis. 
A)  increase serum cholesterol levels. 
B)  decrease serum cholesterol levels. 
C)  halt endocytosis. 
D)  promote endocytosis. 
E)  have no effect on serum cholesterol or endocytosis.

Question 14

Enterokinase ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is a hormone 
B)  triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder 
C)  activates trypsinogen 
D)  increases duodenal motility 
E)  digests proteins 
A)  is a hormone 
B)  triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder 
C)  activates trypsinogen 
D)  increases duodenal motility 
E)  digests proteins

Question 15

Celiac disease causes degeneration of the villi of the small intestine. What is a likely affect of this degeneration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease in absorption due to reduced surface area 
B)  Increased permeability of the lining of the digestive tract, allowing more material to move into the blood 
C)  Lack of lipid absorption as the villi are important for lipid absorption 
D)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  Decrease in absorption due to reduced surface area 
B)  Increased permeability of the lining of the digestive tract, allowing more material to move into the blood 
C)  Lack of lipid absorption as the villi are important for lipid absorption 
D)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 16

Match the enzyme or hormone with the organ that produces it.
-Gastric lipase

Accepted Answer

A) Salivary glands 
B) Stomach 
C) Liver 
D) Small intestine 
E) Pancreas 
A) Salivary glands 
B) Stomach 
C) Liver 
D) Small intestine 
E) Pancreas

Question 17

Match the enzyme with the products of its digestive activity.
-Pancreatic amylase

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose and galactose 
B) Amino acids 
C) Fatty acids and glycerol 
D) Maltose and isomaltose 
E) Polysaccharides and disaccharides 
A) Glucose and galactose 
B) Amino acids 
C) Fatty acids and glycerol 
D) Maltose and isomaltose 
E) Polysaccharides and disaccharides

Question 18

What muscle forms the lips?

Accepted Answer

A)  Buccinator muscle 
B)  Orbicularis oculi muscle 
C)  Orbicularis oris muscle 
D)  Labial frenulum muscle 
A)  Buccinator muscle 
B)  Orbicularis oculi muscle 
C)  Orbicularis oris muscle 
D)  Labial frenulum muscle

Question 19

The liver

Accepted Answer

A)  produces secretions that help neutralize stomach acids and emulsify fats. 
B)  produces several digestive enzymes. 
C)  stores vitamin C. 
D)  receives oxygenated blood from the portal vein. 
E)  cannot synthesize new molecules. 
A)  produces secretions that help neutralize stomach acids and emulsify fats. 
B)  produces several digestive enzymes. 
C)  stores vitamin C. 
D)  receives oxygenated blood from the portal vein. 
E)  cannot synthesize new molecules.

Question 20

Where does bile enter the duodenum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cystic duct 
B)  Hepatopancreatic ampulla 
C)  Hepatic duct 
D)  Duodenal ampulla 
A)  Cystic duct 
B)  Hepatopancreatic ampulla 
C)  Hepatic duct 
D)  Duodenal ampulla

Exam 24: Digestive System

The enteric nervous system acts independently of the CNS to control local reflexes in the digestive tract.

Nancy has several dental caries on the visible surface of one of her molars. The caries have eroded through to the pulp cavity. Which of the following accurately lists the layers affected by the caries?

The salivary glands that open into the oral cavity beside the frenulum of the tongue are the ________ glands.

Which of the following is an end product of protein digestion?

The pyloric pump

Which of the following is correctly matched?

The chemical digestion of the disaccharides occurs in the ________.

Use the key to choose the best answer. -(1) pH in the stomach during digestion (2) pH in the duodenum during digestion

Match the enzyme or hormone with the organ that produces it. -Disaccharidase

Which of the following is mismatched?

Gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer can all be caused by

How are ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate transported from the intestinal lumen?

A cell needs a receptor in order to absorb LDLs. A disease that interferes with the functioning of these LDL receptors would

Enterokinase ________.

Celiac disease causes degeneration of the villi of the small intestine. What is a likely affect of this degeneration?

Match the enzyme or hormone with the organ that produces it. -Gastric lipase

Match the enzyme with the products of its digestive activity. -Pancreatic amylase

What muscle forms the lips?

The liver

Where does bile enter the duodenum?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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