Question 1

The volume of air inspired or expired with each breath is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  residual volume 
B)  inspiratory reserve volume 
C)  tidal volume 
D)  expiratory reserve volume 
A)  residual volume 
B)  inspiratory reserve volume 
C)  tidal volume 
D)  expiratory reserve volume C

Question 2

Which of the following is a passageway for both air and food?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trachea 
B)  Larynx 
C)  Pharynx 
D)  Bronchus 
E)  Esophagus 
A)  Trachea 
B)  Larynx 
C)  Pharynx 
D)  Bronchus 
E)  Esophagus C

Question 3

From largest to smallest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli. 
B)  bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli. 
C)  alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi. 
D)  bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli. 
E)  terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli. 
A)  bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli. 
B)  bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli. 
C)  alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi. 
D)  bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli. 
E)  terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli. D

Question 4

Which of the following statements concerning the pleura is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pleural fluid between the the parietal pleura and visceral pleura ensure that as the thorax expands, the lungs expand as well. 
B)  The parietal pleura separates from the visceral pleura as the thorax expands. 
C)  The fluid secreted by the pleural membranes compresses the lungs causing them to collapse. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  The pleural fluid between the the parietal pleura and visceral pleura ensure that as the thorax expands, the lungs expand as well. 
B)  The parietal pleura separates from the visceral pleura as the thorax expands. 
C)  The fluid secreted by the pleural membranes compresses the lungs causing them to collapse. 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Direct stimulation of neurons within the dorsal respiratory group would cause an increase in the frequency of action potential in the

Accepted Answer

A)  glossopharyngeal nerve that innervates the pharyngeal muscles. 
B)  phrenic nerve that innervates the diaphragm. 
C)  vagus nerve that innervates the smooth muscle of the bronchioles. 
D)  intercostal nerves to internal intercostals muscles. 
E)  intercostal nerves to external intercostals muscles. 
A)  glossopharyngeal nerve that innervates the pharyngeal muscles. 
B)  phrenic nerve that innervates the diaphragm. 
C)  vagus nerve that innervates the smooth muscle of the bronchioles. 
D)  intercostal nerves to internal intercostals muscles. 
E)  intercostal nerves to external intercostals muscles.

Question 6

The chloride shift refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  effect of Cl− on the O2 dissociation curve. 
B)  exchange of Cl− for bicarbonate ions across the red blood cell membrane. 
C)  exchange of Cl− for CO2 across alveolar cell membranes. 
D)  effect of Cl− on H+ diffusion from red blood cells. 
E)  exchange of Cl− for hemoglobin across the red blood cell membrane. 
A)  effect of Cl− on the O2 dissociation curve. 
B)  exchange of Cl− for bicarbonate ions across the red blood cell membrane. 
C)  exchange of Cl− for CO2 across alveolar cell membranes. 
D)  effect of Cl− on H+ diffusion from red blood cells. 
E)  exchange of Cl− for hemoglobin across the red blood cell membrane.

Question 7

As air moves down through the tracheobronchial tree, the FIRST segment that will contain alveoli will be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  terminal bronchioles 
B)  alveolar duct 
C)  alveolar sac 
D)  bronchioles 
E)  respiratory bronchioles 
A)  terminal bronchioles 
B)  alveolar duct 
C)  alveolar sac 
D)  bronchioles 
E)  respiratory bronchioles

Question 8

Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than is oxygen. Which gas has the higher rate of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon dioxide 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Both will have the same rate of diffusion. 
A)  Carbon dioxide 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Both will have the same rate of diffusion.

Question 9

Which of the following respiratory membrane layers is closest to air in the alveolus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alveolar epithelium 
B)  Alveolar basement membrane 
C)  Capillary basement membrane 
D)  Capillary endothelium 
E)  Alveolar fluid (with surfactant) 
A)  Alveolar epithelium 
B)  Alveolar basement membrane 
C)  Capillary basement membrane 
D)  Capillary endothelium 
E)  Alveolar fluid (with surfactant)

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Traps dirt and removes it from the air 
B)  Moisturizes the air 
C)  Exchanges O2 and CO2 
D)  Warms the air 
A)  Traps dirt and removes it from the air 
B)  Moisturizes the air 
C)  Exchanges O2 and CO2 
D)  Warms the air

Question 11

Pulmonary (external) respiration refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  atmospheric air coming into the lungs. 
B)  gas exchange between the lungs and the blood. 
C)  gas exchange in the atmosphere. 
D)  gas exchange between the blood and body tissues. 
E)  cellular respiration. 
A)  atmospheric air coming into the lungs. 
B)  gas exchange between the lungs and the blood. 
C)  gas exchange in the atmosphere. 
D)  gas exchange between the blood and body tissues. 
E)  cellular respiration.

Question 12

The nasal vestibule is located in the ________ portion of the nasal cavity.

Accepted Answer

A)  posterior 
B)  exterior 
C)  upper 
D)  external 
E)  anterior 
A)  posterior 
B)  exterior 
C)  upper 
D)  external 
E)  anterior

Question 13

A patient has severe pneumonia, which has thickened the respiratory membrane. Despite oxygen therapy, he still has rapid respiration and feels as if he is not getting enough air. This is because

Accepted Answer

A)  the O2 increases the stimulation of the carotid and aortic bodies. 
B)  the O2 stimulates the respiratory center to increase the respiratory rate. 
C)  his blood pH increased and stimulated an increase in his respiratory rate. 
D)  even though he is receiving enough O2, CO2 and H+ accumulate in his blood and cause the respiratory rate to continue to increase. 
E)  O2 cannot diffuse across the thickened membrane. 
A)  the O2 increases the stimulation of the carotid and aortic bodies. 
B)  the O2 stimulates the respiratory center to increase the respiratory rate. 
C)  his blood pH increased and stimulated an increase in his respiratory rate. 
D)  even though he is receiving enough O2, CO2 and H+ accumulate in his blood and cause the respiratory rate to continue to increase. 
E)  O2 cannot diffuse across the thickened membrane.

Question 14

Use the following key to determine the best answer.
-(1) Alveolar pressure during inspiration
(2) Alveolar pressure during expiration

Accepted Answer

A) First item is greater than the second item. 
B) First item is less than the second item. 
C) First item is equal or nearly equal to the second item. 
A) First item is greater than the second item. 
B) First item is less than the second item. 
C) First item is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

Question 15

Paul is getting ready to blow up a pool float because he can't find the air pump. He takes a big breath in after exhaling normally. The air he takes in is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  inspiratory reserve volume 
B)  vital capacity 
C)  inspiratory capacity 
D)  tidal volume 
A)  inspiratory reserve volume 
B)  vital capacity 
C)  inspiratory capacity 
D)  tidal volume

Question 16

Most CO2 is transported in the blood

Accepted Answer

A)  in the form of bicarbonate ions. 
B)  bound to hemoglobin. 
C)  dissolved in the plasma. 
D)  by the leukocytes. 
E)  in the form of carbonic acid. 
A)  in the form of bicarbonate ions. 
B)  bound to hemoglobin. 
C)  dissolved in the plasma. 
D)  by the leukocytes. 
E)  in the form of carbonic acid.

Question 17

Use the table to determine the best answer.  
-Which of the patients above might have a depression of the respiratory center due to drugs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the table to determine the best...

Question 18

One of the functions of the respiratory system is to alter the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood; thus regulating ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  blood glucose levels 
B)  O2 levels 
C)  blood pressure 
D)  blood volume 
E)  blood pH 
A)  blood glucose levels 
B)  O2 levels 
C)  blood pressure 
D)  blood volume 
E)  blood pH

Question 19

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition.
-Residual volume

Accepted Answer

A) Sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes 
B) Volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) Volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) Sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes 
E) The amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume 
A) Sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes 
B) Volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) Volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) Sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes 
E) The amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume

Question 20

Why is fetal hemoglobin very efficient at picking up oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  The BPG levels are much higher than in maternal hemoglobin. 
B)  The fetal oxygen-dissociation curve is to the right of the maternal oxygen-dissociation curve. 
C)  The concentration of fetal hemoglobin is 10% greater than the concentration of maternal hemoglobin. 
D)  The fetal oxygen-dissociation curve is to the left of the maternal oxygen-dissociation curve. 
A)  The BPG levels are much higher than in maternal hemoglobin. 
B)  The fetal oxygen-dissociation curve is to the right of the maternal oxygen-dissociation curve. 
C)  The concentration of fetal hemoglobin is 10% greater than the concentration of maternal hemoglobin. 
D)  The fetal oxygen-dissociation curve is to the left of the maternal oxygen-dissociation curve.

Exam 23: Respiratory System

The volume of air inspired or expired with each breath is the ________.

Which of the following is a passageway for both air and food?

From largest to smallest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is

Which of the following statements concerning the pleura is correct?

Direct stimulation of neurons within the dorsal respiratory group would cause an increase in the frequency of action potential in the

The chloride shift refers to the

As air moves down through the tracheobronchial tree, the FIRST segment that will contain alveoli will be ________.

Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than is oxygen. Which gas has the higher rate of diffusion?

Which of the following respiratory membrane layers is closest to air in the alveolus?

Which of the following is NOT a function of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the nasal cavity?

Pulmonary (external) respiration refers to

The nasal vestibule is located in the ________ portion of the nasal cavity.

A patient has severe pneumonia, which has thickened the respiratory membrane. Despite oxygen therapy, he still has rapid respiration and feels as if he is not getting enough air. This is because

Use the following key to determine the best answer. -(1) Alveolar pressure during inspiration (2) Alveolar pressure during expiration

Paul is getting ready to blow up a pool float because he can't find the air pump. He takes a big breath in after exhaling normally. The air he takes in is the ________.

Most CO2 is transported in the blood

Use the table to determine the best answer. -Which of the patients above might have a depression of the respiratory center due to drugs?

One of the functions of the respiratory system is to alter the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood; thus regulating ________.

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition. -Residual volume

Why is fetal hemoglobin very efficient at picking up oxygen?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

Most CO₂ is transported in the blood