Question 1

Which of the following regions of the stomach is correctly matched with its description?

Accepted Answer

A)  Body - portion closest to the esophagus 
B)  Pylorus - the most inferior portion of the stomach 
C)  Fundus - opening from the stomach into the duodenum 
D)  Cardiac region - the largest portion of the stomach 
E)  Pyloric opening - opening from the esophagus 
A)  Body - portion closest to the esophagus 
B)  Pylorus - the most inferior portion of the stomach 
C)  Fundus - opening from the stomach into the duodenum 
D)  Cardiac region - the largest portion of the stomach 
E)  Pyloric opening - opening from the esophagus

Question 2

Gastrocolic reflexes are reflexes that

Accepted Answer

A)  empty the stomach. 
B)  release gastric secretions into the stomach. 
C)  cause mass movements of the colon when food is present in the stomach. 
D)  lead to mass movements of the colon in response to food in the duodenum. 
E)  stop movement in the colon. 
A)  empty the stomach. 
B)  release gastric secretions into the stomach. 
C)  cause mass movements of the colon when food is present in the stomach. 
D)  lead to mass movements of the colon in response to food in the duodenum. 
E)  stop movement in the colon.

Question 3

Match the function with its appropriate description.
-Chemical digestion

Accepted Answer

A) Movement of molecules from digestive tract into blood 
B) Chewing of food 
C) Muscular contractions that propel food 
D) Removal of undigested wastes from body 
E) Breakdown of organic molecules with digestive enzymes 
A) Movement of molecules from digestive tract into blood 
B) Chewing of food 
C) Muscular contractions that propel food 
D) Removal of undigested wastes from body 
E) Breakdown of organic molecules with digestive enzymes

Question 4

Inflammation of the gums is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dental caries 
B)  pyorrhea 
C)  halitosis 
D)  gingivitis 
A)  dental caries 
B)  pyorrhea 
C)  halitosis 
D)  gingivitis

Question 5

What is found in an intestinal villus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brush border 
B)  Digestive enzymes 
C)  Blood capillaries and a lacteal 
D)  Peyer patches and a lacteal 
A)  Brush border 
B)  Digestive enzymes 
C)  Blood capillaries and a lacteal 
D)  Peyer patches and a lacteal

Question 6

Damage to the liver would hamper digestion of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates 
B)  lipids 
C)  proteins 
D)  disaccharides 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  carbohydrates 
B)  lipids 
C)  proteins 
D)  disaccharides 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 7

What prevents the bolus from entering the larynx during deglutition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epiglottis 
B)  Uvula 
C)  Tongue 
D)  Upper esophageal sphincter 
A)  Epiglottis 
B)  Uvula 
C)  Tongue 
D)  Upper esophageal sphincter

Question 8

Trypsin can activate

Accepted Answer

A)  pepsinogen. 
B)  chymotrypsinogen. 
C)  angiotensinogen. 
D)  endopeptidase. 
E)  lipase. 
A)  pepsinogen. 
B)  chymotrypsinogen. 
C)  angiotensinogen. 
D)  endopeptidase. 
E)  lipase.

Question 9

The ________ synthesizes bile acids by metabolizing ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  duodenum; neutral fats 
B)  ileum; bilirubin 
C)  gallbladder; cholesterol 
D)  pancreas; bile salts 
E)  liver; cholesterol 
A)  duodenum; neutral fats 
B)  ileum; bilirubin 
C)  gallbladder; cholesterol 
D)  pancreas; bile salts 
E)  liver; cholesterol

Question 10

Which of the following represents a mismatch in stomach wall structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscularis - two layers; both circular 
B)  Rugae - folds of mucosa and submucosa 
C)  Mucosa - gastric glands 
D)  Gastric pits - open onto surface of stomach mucosa 
E)  Lining - simple columnar epithelium 
A)  Muscularis - two layers; both circular 
B)  Rugae - folds of mucosa and submucosa 
C)  Mucosa - gastric glands 
D)  Gastric pits - open onto surface of stomach mucosa 
E)  Lining - simple columnar epithelium

Question 11

Match the function with its appropriate description.
-Elimination

Accepted Answer

A) Movement of molecules from digestive tract into blood 
B) Chewing of food 
C) Muscular contractions that propel food 
D) Removal of undigested wastes from body 
E) Breakdown of organic molecules with digestive enzymes 
A) Movement of molecules from digestive tract into blood 
B) Chewing of food 
C) Muscular contractions that propel food 
D) Removal of undigested wastes from body 
E) Breakdown of organic molecules with digestive enzymes

Question 12

Match the cell type with its function.
-Goblet cells

Accepted Answer

A) Produce hormones 
B) Produce mucus 
C) May protect intestinal epithelium 
D) Synthesize bile 
E) Produce digestive enzymes 
A) Produce hormones 
B) Produce mucus 
C) May protect intestinal epithelium 
D) Synthesize bile 
E) Produce digestive enzymes

Question 13

The myenteric plexus is found in the ________ of the digestive tract wall.

Accepted Answer

A)  mucosa 
B)  serosa 
C)  submucosa 
D)  muscularis 
E)  adventitia 
A)  mucosa 
B)  serosa 
C)  submucosa 
D)  muscularis 
E)  adventitia

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cellular respiration 
B)  Food selection 
C)  Elimination of undigested food 
D)  Regulation of blood pH 
E)  Integration and coordination of other systems 
A)  Cellular respiration 
B)  Food selection 
C)  Elimination of undigested food 
D)  Regulation of blood pH 
E)  Integration and coordination of other systems

Question 15

The enteric plexus is composed of the ________ and the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  submucosal plexus; myenteric plexus 
B)  submucosal plexus; colonic plexus 
C)  myenteric plexus; pancreatic portal 
D)  submucosal plexus; pancreatic portal 
E)  colonic plexus; pancreatic plexus 
A)  submucosal plexus; myenteric plexus 
B)  submucosal plexus; colonic plexus 
C)  myenteric plexus; pancreatic portal 
D)  submucosal plexus; pancreatic portal 
E)  colonic plexus; pancreatic plexus

Question 16

Match the function with its appropriate description.
-Peristalsis

Accepted Answer

A) Movement of molecules from digestive tract into blood 
B) Chewing of food 
C) Muscular contractions that propel food 
D) Removal of undigested wastes from body 
E) Breakdown of organic molecules with digestive enzymes 
A) Movement of molecules from digestive tract into blood 
B) Chewing of food 
C) Muscular contractions that propel food 
D) Removal of undigested wastes from body 
E) Breakdown of organic molecules with digestive enzymes

Question 17

Match the enzyme or hormone with the organ that produces it.
-Trypsin

Accepted Answer

A) Salivary glands 
B) Stomach 
C) Liver 
D) Small intestine 
E) Pancreas 
A) Salivary glands 
B) Stomach 
C) Liver 
D) Small intestine 
E) Pancreas

Question 18

Functions of the liver include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  production of many blood proteins 
B)  interconversion of nutrients 
C)  detoxification of harmful chemicals 
D)  bile production 
E)  All of the choices are correct 
A)  production of many blood proteins 
B)  interconversion of nutrients 
C)  detoxification of harmful chemicals 
D)  bile production 
E)  All of the choices are correct

Question 19

Which of the following enzymes is found in inactive form in pancreatic juice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bile 
B)  Trypsin 
C)  Sucrase 
D)  Pepsin 
E)  Lipase 
A)  Bile 
B)  Trypsin 
C)  Sucrase 
D)  Pepsin 
E)  Lipase

Question 20

Assume we could alter the conditions in the duodenum. Which of the following would be consistent with inserting a large volume of highly acidic chyme which contained a large amount of fat?
(1) Decreased gastric acid secretion
(2) Increased bile production
(3) Increased pancreatic bicarbonate production and pancreatic enzyme secretion
(4) Increased secretin and cholecystokinin

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 4 
B)  1, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 3, 4 
E)  1, 2, 4 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4 
B)  1, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 3, 4 
E)  1, 2, 4

Exam 24: Digestive System

Which of the following regions of the stomach is correctly matched with its description?

Gastrocolic reflexes are reflexes that

Match the function with its appropriate description. -Chemical digestion

Inflammation of the gums is called ________.

What is found in an intestinal villus?

Damage to the liver would hamper digestion of ________.

What prevents the bolus from entering the larynx during deglutition?

Trypsin can activate

The ________ synthesizes bile acids by metabolizing ________.

Which of the following represents a mismatch in stomach wall structure?

Match the function with its appropriate description. -Elimination

Match the cell type with its function. -Goblet cells

The myenteric plexus is found in the ________ of the digestive tract wall.

Which of the following is a function of the digestive system?

The enteric plexus is composed of the ________ and the ________.

Match the function with its appropriate description. -Peristalsis

Match the enzyme or hormone with the organ that produces it. -Trypsin

Functions of the liver include ________.

Which of the following enzymes is found in inactive form in pancreatic juice?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

The synthesizes bile acids by metabolizing .

The enteric plexus is composed of the and the .