Question 1

Which of the following are events of the absorptive state? (Check all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Triglycerides stored in adipose tissue 
B)  Glucose converted to glycogen 
C)  Lipids and proteins used for fuel 
D)  Synthesis of proteins 
E)  Glycogenolysis 
A)  Triglycerides stored in adipose tissue 
B)  Glucose converted to glycogen 
C)  Lipids and proteins used for fuel 
D)  Synthesis of proteins 
E)  Glycogenolysis

Question 2

If oxygen is present, what is the net yield of ATP produced by the oxidation of one molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  18 
C)  22 
D)  36 
E)  40 
A)  4 
B)  18 
C)  22 
D)  36 
E)  40

Question 3

In glycolysis,

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD+ is reduced to form NADH. 
B)  more energy is used than produced. 
C)  glucose is formed as an end product. 
D)  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is used as an enzyme. 
E)  oxygen must be present for it to start. 
A)  NAD+ is reduced to form NADH. 
B)  more energy is used than produced. 
C)  glucose is formed as an end product. 
D)  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is used as an enzyme. 
E)  oxygen must be present for it to start.

Question 4

Which of the following minerals is important in acid-base balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcium 
B)  Chlorine 
C)  Iron 
D)  Manganese 
E)  Sodium 
A)  Calcium 
B)  Chlorine 
C)  Iron 
D)  Manganese 
E)  Sodium

Question 5

Which of the following organs can store glycogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spleen and pancreas 
B)  Kidney and adrenal gland 
C)  Large and small intestines 
D)  Liver and muscles 
E)  Stomach and pancreas 
A)  Spleen and pancreas 
B)  Kidney and adrenal gland 
C)  Large and small intestines 
D)  Liver and muscles 
E)  Stomach and pancreas

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetyl-CoA formation, glycolysis, electron-transport chain, citric acid cycle 
B)  Acetyl-CoA formation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain, glycolysis 
C)  Citric acid cycle, glycolysis, acetyl-CoA formation, electron transport chain 
D)  Glycolysis, acetyl-CoA formation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain 
E)  Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, acetyl-CoA formation, electron transport chain 
A)  Acetyl-CoA formation, glycolysis, electron-transport chain, citric acid cycle 
B)  Acetyl-CoA formation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain, glycolysis 
C)  Citric acid cycle, glycolysis, acetyl-CoA formation, electron transport chain 
D)  Glycolysis, acetyl-CoA formation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain 
E)  Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, acetyl-CoA formation, electron transport chain

Question 7

Each NADH molecule fed into the electron transport chain produces approximately ________ ATPs.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  6 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  6

Question 8

Oxidative deamination is a chemical process in which

Accepted Answer

A)  protein is synthesized. 
B)  amino acids are buffered in the kidney. 
C)  the amine group is removed from an amino acid. 
D)  fatty acids are broken down to yield acetyl CoA. 
E)  glutamic acid is produced. 
A)  protein is synthesized. 
B)  amino acids are buffered in the kidney. 
C)  the amine group is removed from an amino acid. 
D)  fatty acids are broken down to yield acetyl CoA. 
E)  glutamic acid is produced.

Question 9

Which of the following vitamins is mismatched with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin D - bone growth 
B)  Vitamin A - rhodopsin synthesis 
C)  Folate - synthesis of clotting factors 
D)  Vitamin C - collagen synthesis 
E)  Vitamin B12 - red blood cell production 
A)  Vitamin D - bone growth 
B)  Vitamin A - rhodopsin synthesis 
C)  Folate - synthesis of clotting factors 
D)  Vitamin C - collagen synthesis 
E)  Vitamin B12 - red blood cell production

Question 10

Use the following key to choose the best answer.
-(1) Heat loss wearing a hat
(2) Heat loss without a hat

Accepted Answer

A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids 
A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids

Question 11

Tim has been on a low-fat, no carbohydrate diet for two months. Which of the following would you expect to find in large quantities in his urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Lactate 
C)  Pyruvate 
D)  Ketone bodies 
E)  Proteins 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Lactate 
C)  Pyruvate 
D)  Ketone bodies 
E)  Proteins

Question 12

Use the following key to choose the best answer.
-Cellulose

Accepted Answer

A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids 
A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids

Question 13

Use the following key to choose the best answer.
-Adipose tissue

Accepted Answer

A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids 
A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids

Question 14

Acetyl CoA

Accepted Answer

A)  can enter the electron transport system directly. 
B)  is a by product of glycolysis. 
C)  might be used in ketogenesis. 
D)  is needed to start oxidative deamination. 
E)  is converted to pyruvate. 
A)  can enter the electron transport system directly. 
B)  is a by product of glycolysis. 
C)  might be used in ketogenesis. 
D)  is needed to start oxidative deamination. 
E)  is converted to pyruvate.

Question 15

When is NAD+ reduced to form NADH in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  After cleavage of sugar 
B)  First step of the process 
C)  Right before the cleavage step 
D)  Right before conversion to pyruvic acid 
A)  After cleavage of sugar 
B)  First step of the process 
C)  Right before the cleavage step 
D)  Right before conversion to pyruvic acid

Question 16

During periods of fasting, why is fat said to have a protein-sparing effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  The body oxidizes its spare protein before it depletes its fat reserves. 
B)  The body metabolizes fats and proteins through the same metabolic pathways. 
C)  The body must have an adequate fat intake in order to absorb and metabolize proteins. 
D)  The body must have an adequate protein intake in order to absorb and metabolize fats. 
E)  The body does not oxidize its proteins unless it has consumed its fat reserves first. 
A)  The body oxidizes its spare protein before it depletes its fat reserves. 
B)  The body metabolizes fats and proteins through the same metabolic pathways. 
C)  The body must have an adequate fat intake in order to absorb and metabolize proteins. 
D)  The body must have an adequate protein intake in order to absorb and metabolize fats. 
E)  The body does not oxidize its proteins unless it has consumed its fat reserves first.

Question 17

Arrange the following steps of protein metabolism in correct sequence.
1) Ammonia is converted to urea in the liver.
2) Oxidative deamination of an amino acid.
3) Urea is eliminated by the kidney.
4) Ammonia and keto acids are formed.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 3, 4, 2 
B)  2, 4, 1, 3 
C)  3, 1, 4, 2 
D)  4, 1, 3, 2 
E)  2, 3, 1, 4 
A)  1, 3, 4, 2 
B)  2, 4, 1, 3 
C)  3, 1, 4, 2 
D)  4, 1, 3, 2 
E)  2, 3, 1, 4

Question 18

The energy cost for assimilation of food is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the thermic effect of food 
B)  the basal metabolic rate 
C)  the caloric intake 
D)  homeothermy 
E)  free energy 
A)  the thermic effect of food 
B)  the basal metabolic rate 
C)  the caloric intake 
D)  homeothermy 
E)  free energy

Question 19

What is the glutamic acid made from transamination used for?

Accepted Answer

A)  It enters the citric acid cycle. 
B)  It is used to make other nonessential amino acids. 
C)  It is used to produce ATP. 
D)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  It enters the citric acid cycle. 
B)  It is used to make other nonessential amino acids. 
C)  It is used to produce ATP. 
D)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 20

What would happen to a vitamin if its chemical structure is destroyed by catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It could be recycled. 
B)  It would become nonfunctional. 
C)  It becomes a provitamin. 
D)  It becomes a coenzyme. 
E)  Nothing; this is normal. 
A)  It could be recycled. 
B)  It would become nonfunctional. 
C)  It becomes a provitamin. 
D)  It becomes a coenzyme. 
E)  Nothing; this is normal.

Exam 25: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Which of the following are events of the absorptive state? (Check all that apply.)

If oxygen is present, what is the net yield of ATP produced by the oxidation of one molecule of glucose?

In glycolysis,

Which of the following minerals is important in acid-base balance?

Which of the following organs can store glycogen?

Which of the following is the correct sequence?

Each NADH molecule fed into the electron transport chain produces approximately ________ ATPs.

Oxidative deamination is a chemical process in which

Which of the following vitamins is mismatched with its function?

Use the following key to choose the best answer. -(1) Heat loss wearing a hat (2) Heat loss without a hat

Tim has been on a low-fat, no carbohydrate diet for two months. Which of the following would you expect to find in large quantities in his urine?

Use the following key to choose the best answer. -Cellulose

Use the following key to choose the best answer. -Adipose tissue

Acetyl CoA

When is NAD+ reduced to form NADH in glycolysis?

During periods of fasting, why is fat said to have a protein-sparing effect?

Arrange the following steps of protein metabolism in correct sequence. 1) Ammonia is converted to urea in the liver. 2) Oxidative deamination of an amino acid. 3) Urea is eliminated by the kidney. 4) Ammonia and keto acids are formed.

The energy cost for assimilation of food is called ________.

What is the glutamic acid made from transamination used for?

What would happen to a vitamin if its chemical structure is destroyed by catabolism?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

When is NAD⁺ reduced to form NADH in glycolysis?