Question 1

In the process called ________, glucose is broken down to two pyruvate molecules.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the process called ________, glucose is...

Question 2

The body synthesizes nonessential amino acids in a process called oxidative deamination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The energy currency of the cell is a molecule called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  pyruvate 
C)  fat 
D)  ADP 
E)  ATP 
A)  glucose 
B)  pyruvate 
C)  fat 
D)  ADP 
E)  ATP

Question 4

Match the mineral with its function.
-Magnesium

Accepted Answer

A) Functions in carbon dioxide metabolism and transport, also needed for protein metabolism 
B) Component of hemoglobin 
C) A constituent of coenzymes; needed for bone formation and proper function of nerve and muscle 
D) Needed for the production of thyroxine 
E) Component of nucleic acids and ATP; used in bone formation 
A) Functions in carbon dioxide metabolism and transport, also needed for protein metabolism 
B) Component of hemoglobin 
C) A constituent of coenzymes; needed for bone formation and proper function of nerve and muscle 
D) Needed for the production of thyroxine 
E) Component of nucleic acids and ATP; used in bone formation

Question 5

An essential amino acid

Accepted Answer

A)  can be formed from lipids in the body. 
B)  can be synthesized by the body if there is enough nitrogen. 
C)  must be made from glucose. 
D)  must be supplied in the diet. 
E)  cannot be converted to nonessential amino acids. 
A)  can be formed from lipids in the body. 
B)  can be synthesized by the body if there is enough nitrogen. 
C)  must be made from glucose. 
D)  must be supplied in the diet. 
E)  cannot be converted to nonessential amino acids.

Question 6

Which of the following minerals is part of the hemoglobin molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcium 
B)  Iodine 
C)  Iron 
D)  Zinc 
E)  Fluorine 
A)  Calcium 
B)  Iodine 
C)  Iron 
D)  Zinc 
E)  Fluorine

Question 7

Starches and sugars are examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates 
B)  lipids 
C)  proteins 
D)  vitamins 
E)  minerals 
A)  carbohydrates 
B)  lipids 
C)  proteins 
D)  vitamins 
E)  minerals

Question 8

The transformation of acetyl-CoA to free fatty acids is a process called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lipogenesis 
B)  ketogenesis 
C)  cellular respiration 
D)  glucogenesis 
E)  fermentation 
A)  lipogenesis 
B)  ketogenesis 
C)  cellular respiration 
D)  glucogenesis 
E)  fermentation

Question 9

Use the following key to choose the best answer.
-Actin and myosin

Accepted Answer

A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids 
A) Carbohydrates 
B) Lipids 
C) Proteins 
D) Nucleic acids

Question 10

Polyunsaturated vegetable oils can be changed from liquids to solids by

Accepted Answer

A)  adding more unsaturated fatty acids to the molecules. 
B)  removing the glycerol portion of the molecules. 
C)  decreasing the number of double covalent bonds in their fatty acids. 
D)  removing hydrogens from the molecules. 
A)  adding more unsaturated fatty acids to the molecules. 
B)  removing the glycerol portion of the molecules. 
C)  decreasing the number of double covalent bonds in their fatty acids. 
D)  removing hydrogens from the molecules.

Question 11

Match the vitamin with its associated disease.
-Vitamin B12

Accepted Answer

A) Scurvy 
B) Night blindness 
C) Beriberi 
D) Pellagra 
E) Pernicious anemia 
A) Scurvy 
B) Night blindness 
C) Beriberi 
D) Pellagra 
E) Pernicious anemia

Question 12

Which of the following statements concerning metabolic reactions is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Catabolic reactions are synthesis reactions. 
B)  Anabolic reactions are involved in the production of proteins from amino acids. 
C)  The energy derived from anabolism is used to drive catabolism. 
D)  Anabolic reactions release energy. 
E)  Catabolic reactions consume energy. 
A)  Catabolic reactions are synthesis reactions. 
B)  Anabolic reactions are involved in the production of proteins from amino acids. 
C)  The energy derived from anabolism is used to drive catabolism. 
D)  Anabolic reactions release energy. 
E)  Catabolic reactions consume energy.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an incomplete protein food?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eggs 
B)  Meat 
C)  Milk 
D)  Leafy green vegetables 
E)  Cheese 
A)  Eggs 
B)  Meat 
C)  Milk 
D)  Leafy green vegetables 
E)  Cheese

Question 14

Proteins regulate the acid-base balance of the blood by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  acting as buffers 
B)  releasing nitrogen 
C)  transporting iron 
D)  binding Na+ 
E)  removing CO2 from the blood 
A)  acting as buffers 
B)  releasing nitrogen 
C)  transporting iron 
D)  binding Na+ 
E)  removing CO2 from the blood

Question 15

Match the mineral with its function.
-Iron

Accepted Answer

A) Functions in carbon dioxide metabolism and transport, also needed for protein metabolism 
B) Component of hemoglobin 
C) A constituent of coenzymes; needed for bone formation and proper function of nerve and muscle 
D) Needed for the production of thyroxine 
E) Component of nucleic acids and ATP; used in bone formation 
A) Functions in carbon dioxide metabolism and transport, also needed for protein metabolism 
B) Component of hemoglobin 
C) A constituent of coenzymes; needed for bone formation and proper function of nerve and muscle 
D) Needed for the production of thyroxine 
E) Component of nucleic acids and ATP; used in bone formation

Question 16

The inner membrane of a mitochondrion contains the protein ________, which harnesses the energy created by H+ flow to produce ATP by a process called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme complex; reduction 
B)  ATP synthase; oxidation 
C)  enzyme complex; proton pumping 
D)  ATP synthase; the chemiosmotic mechanism 
E)  cytochrome c; reduction 
A)  enzyme complex; reduction 
B)  ATP synthase; oxidation 
C)  enzyme complex; proton pumping 
D)  ATP synthase; the chemiosmotic mechanism 
E)  cytochrome c; reduction

Question 17

Which of the following is least likely to occur late in the postabsorptive state?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrolysis of triglycerides 
B)  Use of acetyl-CoA and ketones for energy 
C)  Formation of glycogen 
D)  Use of proteins as an energy source 
E)  Reduced removal of glucose from the blood 
A)  Hydrolysis of triglycerides 
B)  Use of acetyl-CoA and ketones for energy 
C)  Formation of glycogen 
D)  Use of proteins as an energy source 
E)  Reduced removal of glucose from the blood

Question 18

Carbohydrates function as structural components in all of the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolipids 
B)  glycoproteins 
C)  nucleic acids 
D)  amino acids 
E)  ATP 
A)  glycolipids 
B)  glycoproteins 
C)  nucleic acids 
D)  amino acids 
E)  ATP

Question 19

The body's main energy storage molecules are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars 
B)  proteins 
C)  lipids 
D)  vitamins 
E)  carbohydrates 
A)  sugars 
B)  proteins 
C)  lipids 
D)  vitamins 
E)  carbohydrates

Question 20

The yield of ATP in aerobic respiration is usually lower than the theoretical 36 molecules due to all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  production of lactate. 
B)  cost to shuttle NADH into the mitochondrion. 
C)  getting ATP out of the mitochondrion. 
D)  different yields per NADH molecule. 
A)  production of lactate. 
B)  cost to shuttle NADH into the mitochondrion. 
C)  getting ATP out of the mitochondrion. 
D)  different yields per NADH molecule.

Exam 25: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

In the process called ________, glucose is broken down to two pyruvate molecules.

The body synthesizes nonessential amino acids in a process called oxidative deamination.

The energy currency of the cell is a molecule called ________.

Match the mineral with its function. -Magnesium

An essential amino acid

Which of the following minerals is part of the hemoglobin molecule?

Starches and sugars are examples of ________.

The transformation of acetyl-CoA to free fatty acids is a process called ________.

Use the following key to choose the best answer. -Actin and myosin

Polyunsaturated vegetable oils can be changed from liquids to solids by

Match the vitamin with its associated disease. -Vitamin B12

Which of the following statements concerning metabolic reactions is true?

Which of the following is an example of an incomplete protein food?

Proteins regulate the acid-base balance of the blood by ________.

Match the mineral with its function. -Iron

The inner membrane of a mitochondrion contains the protein ________, which harnesses the energy created by H+ flow to produce ATP by a process called ________.

Which of the following is least likely to occur late in the postabsorptive state?

Carbohydrates function as structural components in all of the following except ________.

The body's main energy storage molecules are ________.

The yield of ATP in aerobic respiration is usually lower than the theoretical 36 molecules due to all of the following, except

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

Match the vitamin with its associated disease. -Vitamin B₁₂

The inner membrane of a mitochondrion contains the protein , which harnesses the energy created by H⁺ flow to produce ATP by a process called .