Question 1

Which molecule is produced as a waste product of the metabolism of glucose by cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Carbon dioxide 
D)  Carbon monoxide 
E)  Nitrogen 
A)  Water 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Carbon dioxide 
D)  Carbon monoxide 
E)  Nitrogen

Question 2

Electrons

Accepted Answer

A)  comprise the majority of the mass of an atom. 
B)  are located in the nucleus of an atom. 
C)  have a positive charge of one. 
D)  are the subatomic particles most involved in bonding behavior of atoms. 
E)  do not participate in the bonding of atoms. 
A)  comprise the majority of the mass of an atom. 
B)  are located in the nucleus of an atom. 
C)  have a positive charge of one. 
D)  are the subatomic particles most involved in bonding behavior of atoms. 
E)  do not participate in the bonding of atoms.

Question 3

Which of the following chemical reactions best represents the decomposition of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP + ADP → ATP 
B)  ADP + ADP + ADP → ATP 
C)  ATP + energy → ADP + H2O 
D)  ADP + Pi + energy → ATP + H2O 
E)  ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi + energy 
A)  ATP + ADP → ATP 
B)  ADP + ADP + ADP → ATP 
C)  ATP + energy → ADP + H2O 
D)  ADP + Pi + energy → ATP + H2O 
E)  ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi + energy

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a proton?

Accepted Answer

A)  One negative charge, no mass, found in orbitals 
B)  No charge, mass of one, found in nucleus 
C)  One positive charge, mass of one, found in nucleus 
D)  Subatomic particle with no electric charge 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  One negative charge, no mass, found in orbitals 
B)  No charge, mass of one, found in nucleus 
C)  One positive charge, mass of one, found in nucleus 
D)  Subatomic particle with no electric charge 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 5

The importance of O2 in the human body is to extract energy (ATP) from food molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Substance A is added to a solution, resulting in a decrease in the pH of the solution. Substance A ________ the H+ concentration; therefore, it is considered a/an ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased; acid 
B)  increased; base 
C)  decreased; acid 
D)  decreased; base 
A)  increased; acid 
B)  increased; base 
C)  decreased; acid 
D)  decreased; base

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct sequence from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amino acid, cell, protein, atom 
B)  Amino acid, atom, cell, protein 
C)  Cell, protein, amino acid, atom 
D)  Atom, amino acid, protein, cell 
E)  Protein, cell, amino acid, atom 
A)  Amino acid, cell, protein, atom 
B)  Amino acid, atom, cell, protein 
C)  Cell, protein, amino acid, atom 
D)  Atom, amino acid, protein, cell 
E)  Protein, cell, amino acid, atom

Question 8

A neutral atom contains

Accepted Answer

A)  more protons than electrons. 
B)  more electrons than protons. 
C)  the same number of electrons and protons. 
D)  only neutrons. 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  more protons than electrons. 
B)  more electrons than protons. 
C)  the same number of electrons and protons. 
D)  only neutrons. 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction. 
B)  One enzyme can have many reactions. 
C)  They may need a cofactor to be functional. 
A)  They are catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction. 
B)  One enzyme can have many reactions. 
C)  They may need a cofactor to be functional.

Question 10

Which of the following is a proton donor?

Accepted Answer

A)  An acid 
B)  A base 
C)  A salt 
D)  Glucose 
E)  A neutral substance 
A)  An acid 
B)  A base 
C)  A salt 
D)  Glucose 
E)  A neutral substance

Question 11

The three forms of matter are

Accepted Answer

A)  air, water, and solids. 
B)  solids, liquids, and gases. 
C)  blood, bone, and air. 
D)  vapor, water, and solid. 
A)  air, water, and solids. 
B)  solids, liquids, and gases. 
C)  blood, bone, and air. 
D)  vapor, water, and solid.

Question 12

The primary structure of a protein is

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of polypeptide chains in the molecule. 
B)  the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain. 
C)  the folded, helical nature of the molecule. 
D)  represented by multiple polypeptide chains. 
E)  the hydrogen bonds between amino acids. 
A)  the number of polypeptide chains in the molecule. 
B)  the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain. 
C)  the folded, helical nature of the molecule. 
D)  represented by multiple polypeptide chains. 
E)  the hydrogen bonds between amino acids.

Question 13

How does a buffer help a solution maintain pH?

Accepted Answer

A)  A buffer can act like a base if pH is acidic, and it can act like an acid if pH is basic. 
B)  A buffer releases a base to neutralize an acid. 
C)  A buffer forms both cations and anions to counteract acids. 
D)  A buffer releases acid to maintain proper pH. 
A)  A buffer can act like a base if pH is acidic, and it can act like an acid if pH is basic. 
B)  A buffer releases a base to neutralize an acid. 
C)  A buffer forms both cations and anions to counteract acids. 
D)  A buffer releases acid to maintain proper pH.

Question 14

If the ratio of products and reactants are stable, the system is in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  equilibrium 
B)  steady state 
C)  activation 
A)  equilibrium 
B)  steady state 
C)  activation

Question 15

Heat energy is

Accepted Answer

A)  the form of energy that actually does work. 
B)  movement of ions or electrons. 
C)  energy that flows between objects with different temperatures. 
D)  stored energy that could do work but is not doing so. 
E)  energy that moves in waves. 
A)  the form of energy that actually does work. 
B)  movement of ions or electrons. 
C)  energy that flows between objects with different temperatures. 
D)  stored energy that could do work but is not doing so. 
E)  energy that moves in waves.

Question 16

To which of the following organic groups does lactose belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrate 
B)  Protein 
C)  Lipid 
D)  Nucleic acid 
E)  Vitamin 
A)  Carbohydrate 
B)  Protein 
C)  Lipid 
D)  Nucleic acid 
E)  Vitamin

Question 17

Glucose is the

Accepted Answer

A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
C)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
D)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
E)  sugar found in RNA. 
A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
C)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
D)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
E)  sugar found in RNA.

Question 18

An atom has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39. This atom will have ________ neutrons.

Accepted Answer

A)  19 
B)  20 
C)  39 
D)  58 
A)  19 
B)  20 
C)  39 
D)  58

Question 19

The pH value

Accepted Answer

A)  increases with acidity. 
B)  is measured on a scale from 0 to 10. 
C)  is determined by the concentration of H+ in a solution. 
D)  reflects the Na+ content of body fluids. 
E)  decreases with alkalinity. 
A)  increases with acidity. 
B)  is measured on a scale from 0 to 10. 
C)  is determined by the concentration of H+ in a solution. 
D)  reflects the Na+ content of body fluids. 
E)  decreases with alkalinity.

Question 20

A solution that contains one osmole of solute in one kilogram (kg) of water is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  1% solution. 
B)  1 molar solution. 
C)  10% solution. 
D)  1 osmolal solution. 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  1% solution. 
B)  1 molar solution. 
C)  10% solution. 
D)  1 osmolal solution. 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Which molecule is produced as a waste product of the metabolism of glucose by cells?

Electrons

Which of the following chemical reactions best represents the decomposition of ATP?

Which of the following best describes a proton?

The importance of O2 in the human body is to extract energy (ATP) from food molecules.

Substance A is added to a solution, resulting in a decrease in the pH of the solution. Substance A ________ the H+ concentration; therefore, it is considered a/an ________.

Which of the following is the correct sequence from smallest to largest?

A neutral atom contains

Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

Which of the following is a proton donor?

The three forms of matter are

The primary structure of a protein is

How does a buffer help a solution maintain pH?

If the ratio of products and reactants are stable, the system is in ________.

Heat energy is

To which of the following organic groups does lactose belong?

Glucose is the

An atom has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39. This atom will have ________ neutrons.

The pH value

A solution that contains one osmole of solute in one kilogram (kg) of water is called a

The Human Organism

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

The importance of O₂ in the human body is to extract energy (ATP) from food molecules.

Substance A is added to a solution, resulting in a decrease in the pH of the solution. Substance A the H⁺concentration; therefore, it is considered a/an .