Question 1

Starch is the

Accepted Answer

A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
C)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
D)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
E)  sugar found in RNA. 
A)  storage carbohydrate in animals. 
B)  storage carbohydrate in plants. 
C)  nondigestible plant polysaccharide. 
D)  major nutrient for most body cells. 
E)  sugar found in RNA.

Question 2

Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholesterol - a steroid 
B)  Alanine - an amino acid 
C)  Starch - a polysaccharide 
D)  Catalase - an enzyme 
E)  Sucrose - a disaccharide 
A)  Cholesterol - a steroid 
B)  Alanine - an amino acid 
C)  Starch - a polysaccharide 
D)  Catalase - an enzyme 
E)  Sucrose - a disaccharide

Question 3

A molecule is

Accepted Answer

A)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
B)  a positively charged ion. 
C)  a negatively charged ion. 
D)  a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
E)  an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
A)  a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
B)  a positively charged ion. 
C)  a negatively charged ion. 
D)  a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
E)  an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein.

Question 4

Why is water involved in most metabolic reactions in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can dissolve many chemical compounds. 
B)  It can absorb and release heat without changing temperature very much. 
C)  It has a high surface tension. 
D)  Its bonds are nonpolar. 
E)  It is a solute. 
A)  It can dissolve many chemical compounds. 
B)  It can absorb and release heat without changing temperature very much. 
C)  It has a high surface tension. 
D)  Its bonds are nonpolar. 
E)  It is a solute.

Question 5

An enzyme

Accepted Answer

A)  has a two-dimensional shape. 
B)  is permanently changed in a chemical reaction. 
C)  increases the activation energy needed in a chemical reaction. 
D)  is a protein catalyst. 
E)  cannot be denatured. 
A)  has a two-dimensional shape. 
B)  is permanently changed in a chemical reaction. 
C)  increases the activation energy needed in a chemical reaction. 
D)  is a protein catalyst. 
E)  cannot be denatured.

Question 6

For most chemical reactions, an increase in temperature will cause the reaction rate to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  remain unchanged. 
A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  remain unchanged.

Question 7

Sam adjusts solution A to increase its acidity. This means that the

Accepted Answer

A)  solution is closer to neutrality. 
B)  pH of the solution has increased. 
C)  solution will now accept more protons. 
D)  number of hydrogen ions in the solution has decreased. 
E)  number of hydrogen ions in the solution has increased. 
A)  solution is closer to neutrality. 
B)  pH of the solution has increased. 
C)  solution will now accept more protons. 
D)  number of hydrogen ions in the solution has decreased. 
E)  number of hydrogen ions in the solution has increased.

Question 8

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "E" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphorus 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Nitrogen 
D)  Polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  Nonpolar (hydrophobic) region 
A)  Phosphorus 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Nitrogen 
D)  Polar (hydrophilic) region 
E)  Nonpolar (hydrophobic) region

Question 9

Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by ________ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen 
B)  ionic 
C)  Van der Waals 
D)  peptide 
E)  high energy 
A)  hydrogen 
B)  ionic 
C)  Van der Waals 
D)  peptide 
E)  high energy

Question 10

The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

Accepted Answer

A)  moves in energy surges. 
B)  results from random molecular movement. 
C)  comes from ionic energy motion. 
D)  is elevated by a catalyst. 
E)  can be lowered by enzymes. 
A)  moves in energy surges. 
B)  results from random molecular movement. 
C)  comes from ionic energy motion. 
D)  is elevated by a catalyst. 
E)  can be lowered by enzymes.

Question 11

Why are cyanide compounds lethal to humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  They interfere with protein synthesis. 
B)  They interfere with nerve impulses. 
C)  They interfere with the production of ATP. 
D)  They interfere with muscle contraction. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  They interfere with protein synthesis. 
B)  They interfere with nerve impulses. 
C)  They interfere with the production of ATP. 
D)  They interfere with muscle contraction. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 12

The mass number of an atom is the number of

Accepted Answer

A)  protons in the atom. 
B)  neutrons in the atom. 
C)  protons plus electrons in the atom. 
D)  electrons plus neutrons in the atom. 
E)  neutrons plus protons in the atom. 
A)  protons in the atom. 
B)  neutrons in the atom. 
C)  protons plus electrons in the atom. 
D)  electrons plus neutrons in the atom. 
E)  neutrons plus protons in the atom.

Question 13

A polar covalent bond forms between Atom 1 and Atom 2. The Atom 1 side of the bond is slightly negative, and the Atom 2 side of the bond is slightly positive. Which atom has the higher electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atom 1 
B)  Atom 2 
C)  Atom 1 and Atom 2 have equal electronegativity. 
A)  Atom 1 
B)  Atom 2 
C)  Atom 1 and Atom 2 have equal electronegativity.

Question 14

Large carbohydrates are formed from smaller units called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphate groups 
B)  monosaccharides 
C)  amino acids 
D)  steroids 
E)  lipids 
A)  phosphate groups 
B)  monosaccharides 
C)  amino acids 
D)  steroids 
E)  lipids

Question 15

What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H+)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Buffer 
B)  Conjugate acid 
C)  Salt 
D)  Conjugate base 
A)  Buffer 
B)  Conjugate acid 
C)  Salt 
D)  Conjugate base

Question 16

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of atom is found at "D"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen bond 
B)  Water molecule 
C)  Oxygen atom 
D)  Hydrogen atom 
E)  Polar covalent bond 
A)  Hydrogen bond 
B)  Water molecule 
C)  Oxygen atom 
D)  Hydrogen atom 
E)  Polar covalent bond

Question 17

To which of the following organic groups does an enzyme belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrate 
B)  Protein 
C)  Lipid 
D)  Nucleic acid 
E)  Vitamin 
A)  Carbohydrate 
B)  Protein 
C)  Lipid 
D)  Nucleic acid 
E)  Vitamin

Question 18

To which of the following organic groups does a steroid belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrate 
B)  Protein 
C)  Lipid 
D)  Nucleic acid 
E)  Vitamin 
A)  Carbohydrate 
B)  Protein 
C)  Lipid 
D)  Nucleic acid 
E)  Vitamin

Question 19

Deoxyribose is a sugar found in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen 
B)  starch 
C)  DNA 
D)  RNA 
E)  ATP 
A)  glycogen 
B)  starch 
C)  DNA 
D)  RNA 
E)  ATP

Question 20

Which of these is hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  K+ 
C)  Cl- 
D)  Water 
E)  Lipid 
A)  Glucose 
B)  K+ 
C)  Cl- 
D)  Water 
E)  Lipid

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Starch is the

Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

A molecule is

Why is water involved in most metabolic reactions in the human body?

An enzyme

For most chemical reactions, an increase in temperature will cause the reaction rate to

Sam adjusts solution A to increase its acidity. This means that the

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "E" represent on the diagram?

Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by ________ bonds.

The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

Why are cyanide compounds lethal to humans?

The mass number of an atom is the number of

A polar covalent bond forms between Atom 1 and Atom 2. The Atom 1 side of the bond is slightly negative, and the Atom 2 side of the bond is slightly positive. Which atom has the higher electronegativity?

Large carbohydrates are formed from smaller units called ________.

What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H+)?

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of atom is found at "D"?

To which of the following organic groups does an enzyme belong?

To which of the following organic groups does a steroid belong?

Deoxyribose is a sugar found in ________.

Which of these is hydrophobic?

The Human Organism

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H⁺)?