Question 1

How does DNA move during gel electrophoresis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Larger pieces of DNA move at a faster rate. 
B)  DNA moves at a constant rate, regardless of fragment size. 
C)  The DNA moves toward the negative electrode. 
D)  Smaller pieces of DNA move faster toward the positive electrode. 
A)  Larger pieces of DNA move at a faster rate. 
B)  DNA moves at a constant rate, regardless of fragment size. 
C)  The DNA moves toward the negative electrode. 
D)  Smaller pieces of DNA move faster toward the positive electrode.

Question 2

How is it possible for a dead bacterial cell to influence the DNA in a living bacterial cell?)

Accepted Answer

Dead bacteria release plasmids

Question 3

A recombinant plasmid contains only human and bacterial DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a natural means of DNA recombination?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transformation in bacteria 
B)  Viral infection 
C)  PCR 
D)  Sexual reproduction 
A)  Transformation in bacteria 
B)  Viral infection 
C)  PCR 
D)  Sexual reproduction

Question 5

Controversy has arisen about using genetically engineered bovine growth hormone to increase milk yield in cattle. The lesson gained from this controversy is that

Accepted Answer

A)  citizens should not be allowed to decide such issues, as they tend to make decisions based on emotion. 
B)  the whole human society should decide the proper uses of recombinant DNA technology. 
C)  society should let scientists decide the proper uses of recombinant DNA technology. 
D)  humans are not wise enough to use this technique properly. 
E)  recombinant DNA technology is inherently a bad idea and should be abandoned. 
A)  citizens should not be allowed to decide such issues, as they tend to make decisions based on emotion. 
B)  the whole human society should decide the proper uses of recombinant DNA technology. 
C)  society should let scientists decide the proper uses of recombinant DNA technology. 
D)  humans are not wise enough to use this technique properly. 
E)  recombinant DNA technology is inherently a bad idea and should be abandoned.

Question 6

If you want to develop a procedure for identifying a genetic disorder caused by 20 different alleles, what method is most likely to be useful?

Accepted Answer

A)  STRs 
B)  Arrays of DNA probes on filter paper 
C)  PCR 
D)  Gene therapy 
A)  STRs 
B)  Arrays of DNA probes on filter paper 
C)  PCR 
D)  Gene therapy

Question 7

Which of the following techniques amplifies a specific region of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA profiles 
B)  The use of DNA probes 
C)  Gel electrophoresis 
D)  PCR 
A)  DNA profiles 
B)  The use of DNA probes 
C)  Gel electrophoresis 
D)  PCR

Question 8

All of the following are goals of biotechnology EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  treating disease more effectively. 
B)  improving agriculturally important food plants. 
C)  creating humans with higher intelligence levels. 
D)  generating economic benefits. 
E)  efficiently producing biologically important molecules. 
A)  treating disease more effectively. 
B)  improving agriculturally important food plants. 
C)  creating humans with higher intelligence levels. 
D)  generating economic benefits. 
E)  efficiently producing biologically important molecules.

Question 9

In recombinant DNA technology, plasmids

Accepted Answer

A)  are isolated from the blood of mammals. 
B)  are the sites of protein synthesis in bacteria. 
C)  are used to insert foreign DNA into bacteria. 
D)  show restriction enzymes where to cut bacterial DNA. 
E)  are necessary for cellular respiration in certain plants. 
A)  are isolated from the blood of mammals. 
B)  are the sites of protein synthesis in bacteria. 
C)  are used to insert foreign DNA into bacteria. 
D)  show restriction enzymes where to cut bacterial DNA. 
E)  are necessary for cellular respiration in certain plants.

Question 10

The enzymes used to cut genes in recombinant DNA research are called

Accepted Answer

A)  spliceosomes. 
B)  DNA polymerases. 
C)  RNA polymerases. 
D)  replicases. 
E)  restriction enzymes. 
A)  spliceosomes. 
B)  DNA polymerases. 
C)  RNA polymerases. 
D)  replicases. 
E)  restriction enzymes.

Question 11

Sexual reproduction in humans is an example of DNA recombination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Stringent safety rules are not necessary for recombinant DNA research because it is a natural process that occurs in the absence of human intervention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

DNA recombination changes the genetic makeup of organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Sequencing the genes of humans is important because

Accepted Answer

A)  knowing the nucleotide sequence of human genes will aid in the treatment of diseases caused by them. 
B)  it will allow scientists to create human clones. 
C)  it will give us a better understanding of agricultural animals. 
D)  it provides information on how to build lipids in the cell. 
A)  knowing the nucleotide sequence of human genes will aid in the treatment of diseases caused by them. 
B)  it will allow scientists to create human clones. 
C)  it will give us a better understanding of agricultural animals. 
D)  it provides information on how to build lipids in the cell.

Question 15

Provide one example of a medical application of biotechnology.

Accepted Answer

Possible answers are genetic s

Question 16

Describe one technique that can be used to generate multiple copies of a gene that is of interest to a researcher.

Accepted Answer

The researcher can m

Question 17

An important tool of genetic engineering is_________ DNA, which is DNA altered by the incorporation of genes from a different organism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An important tool of genetic engineering is_________...

Question 18

_________are small, circular pieces of DNA that are often used in the process of transformation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________are small, circular pieces of DNA that...

Question 19

Imagine that it is 1965 and the bacterium Thermus aquaticus has not yet been discovered. As a geneticist interested in forensics applications, you are attempting to develop a gene-amplifying technique similar to PCR. In a test tube, you place a DNA sample, free nucleotides, human DNA polymerase, and the appropriate primers for the DNA sequence being analyzed. You first heat the sample to 90°C, then cool it to 50°C, and then reheat it to 70°C. Based on this scenario and your knowledge of how modern PCR works, the result of these procedures will be

Accepted Answer

A)  unsuccessful, because the enzyme will denature during the second step (cooling). 
B)  successful copying of the DNA, because it follows modern PCR procedures almost perfectly. 
C)  unsuccessful, because the enzyme will denature during the third step (reheating). 
D)  unsuccessful, because the enzyme will denature during the first step (heating). 
E)  unsuccessful, because human DNA polymerase cannot recognize the primers used. 
A)  unsuccessful, because the enzyme will denature during the second step (cooling). 
B)  successful copying of the DNA, because it follows modern PCR procedures almost perfectly. 
C)  unsuccessful, because the enzyme will denature during the third step (reheating). 
D)  unsuccessful, because the enzyme will denature during the first step (heating). 
E)  unsuccessful, because human DNA polymerase cannot recognize the primers used.

Question 20

The term transfecting refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  making multiple copies of a small sample of DNA. 
B)  inserting the gene of interest into the host organism. 
C)  making GMOs that are sterile. 
D)  viral DNA becoming part of human DNA. 
A)  making multiple copies of a small sample of DNA. 
B)  inserting the gene of interest into the host organism. 
C)  making GMOs that are sterile. 
D)  viral DNA becoming part of human DNA.

Exam 14: Biotechnology

How does DNA move during gel electrophoresis?

How is it possible for a dead bacterial cell to influence the DNA in a living bacterial cell?)

A recombinant plasmid contains only human and bacterial DNA.

Which of the following is NOT a natural means of DNA recombination?

Controversy has arisen about using genetically engineered bovine growth hormone to increase milk yield in cattle. The lesson gained from this controversy is that

If you want to develop a procedure for identifying a genetic disorder caused by 20 different alleles, what method is most likely to be useful?

Which of the following techniques amplifies a specific region of DNA?

All of the following are goals of biotechnology EXCEPT

In recombinant DNA technology, plasmids

The enzymes used to cut genes in recombinant DNA research are called

Sexual reproduction in humans is an example of DNA recombination.

Stringent safety rules are not necessary for recombinant DNA research because it is a natural process that occurs in the absence of human intervention.

DNA recombination changes the genetic makeup of organisms.

Sequencing the genes of humans is important because

Provide one example of a medical application of biotechnology.

Describe one technique that can be used to generate multiple copies of a gene that is of interest to a researcher.

An important tool of genetic engineering is_________ DNA, which is DNA altered by the incorporation of genes from a different organism.

_________are small, circular pieces of DNA that are often used in the process of transformation.

The term transfecting refers to

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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