Question 1

Compare and contrast plant and animal cell structure. Include at least two similarities and two differences.

Accepted Answer

See Table 4.1 for a listing of the diffe

Question 2

A mutant plant cell with no chloroplasts would:

Accepted Answer

A) nonetheless be green. 
B) still be able to use carbohydrates as an energy source. 
C) still be able to capture energy as sunlight. 
D) synthesize new chloroplasts in the ER. 
A) nonetheless be green. 
B) still be able to use carbohydrates as an energy source. 
C) still be able to capture energy as sunlight. 
D) synthesize new chloroplasts in the ER.

Question 3

The small, circular loops of DNA in prokaryotic cells that are separate from the main chromosome and may harbor genes are called:

Accepted Answer

A) plastids. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) plasmids. 
D) cristae. 
E) pili. 
A) plastids. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) plasmids. 
D) cristae. 
E) pili.

Question 4

What is the function of a plant cell vacuole?

Accepted Answer

A) stores water 
B) initiates division of the cell 
C) excretes wastes 
D) packages proteins for export 
A) stores water 
B) initiates division of the cell 
C) excretes wastes 
D) packages proteins for export

Question 5

What are the three main components of modern cell theory?

Accepted Answer

All living organisms are compo

Question 6

Briefly describe the similarities and differences between cilia and flagella.

Accepted Answer

Both are slender extensions of the cell

Question 7

Membrane proteins are synthesized on ribosomes that are found:

Accepted Answer

A) on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) on the Golgi apparatus. 
D) in the cytoplasm. 
E) in the nucleus. 
A) on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) on the Golgi apparatus. 
D) in the cytoplasm. 
E) in the nucleus.

Question 8

Of the objects listed, which is the smallest that you can see with the unaided eye?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA molecule 
B) frog embryo 
C) virus 
D) ribosomes 
E) human skin cell 
A) DNA molecule 
B) frog embryo 
C) virus 
D) ribosomes 
E) human skin cell

Question 9

RNA carries information for protein synthesis from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. To get from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, RNA must pass through ________ in the nuclear membrane.

Accepted Answer

The answer of RNA carries information for protein synthesis from...

Question 10

Prokaryotes that are rod-shaped are called:

Accepted Answer

A) eukaryotes. 
B) bacilli. 
C) cocci. 
D) spirilla. 
A) eukaryotes. 
B) bacilli. 
C) cocci. 
D) spirilla.

Question 11

Why are cells generally small?

Accepted Answer

Cells need sufficient surface

Question 12

Which is a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) Prokaryotes have RNA, whereas eukaryotes have DNA. 
B) Prokaryotes have DNA, whereas eukaryotes have RNA. 
C) Prokaryotes have a nucleus, whereas eukaryotes have a nucleoid. 
D) Prokaryotes have a nucleoid, whereas eukaryotes have a nucleus. 
E) Prokaryotes have a cell wall, but eukaryotes do not. 
A) Prokaryotes have RNA, whereas eukaryotes have DNA. 
B) Prokaryotes have DNA, whereas eukaryotes have RNA. 
C) Prokaryotes have a nucleus, whereas eukaryotes have a nucleoid. 
D) Prokaryotes have a nucleoid, whereas eukaryotes have a nucleus. 
E) Prokaryotes have a cell wall, but eukaryotes do not.

Question 13

The formation of ATP in the mitochondria, which is an oxygen-dependent reaction, is called:

Accepted Answer

A) aerobic metabolism. 
B) phagocytosis. 
C) endosymbiosis. 
D) anaerobic metabolism. 
E) catabolism. 
A) aerobic metabolism. 
B) phagocytosis. 
C) endosymbiosis. 
D) anaerobic metabolism. 
E) catabolism.

Question 14

Site of protein synthesis

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

Cells that primarily produce steroid hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen, have large quantities of:

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasmic ribosomes. 
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) plasma membranes. 
D) enzymes. 
E) DNA. 
A) cytoplasmic ribosomes. 
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) plasma membranes. 
D) enzymes. 
E) DNA.

Question 16

If you removed the sex pili from a bacterial cell, then the:

Accepted Answer

A) bacterium could no longer swim. 
B) bacterium could no longer exchange DNA with other cells. 
C) bacterium could no longer regulate the movement of molecules into and out of the cell. 
D) bacterium would dry out. 
E) shape of the bacterium would change. 
A) bacterium could no longer swim. 
B) bacterium could no longer exchange DNA with other cells. 
C) bacterium could no longer regulate the movement of molecules into and out of the cell. 
D) bacterium would dry out. 
E) shape of the bacterium would change.

Question 17

The phospholipids that make up the plasma membrane have ________ heads and ________ tails.

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasmic; phagocytic 
B) hydrophobic; hydrophilic 
C) hydrophilic; hydrophobic 
D) prokaryotic; eukaryotic 
E) eukaryotic; prokaryotic 
A) cytoplasmic; phagocytic 
B) hydrophobic; hydrophilic 
C) hydrophilic; hydrophobic 
D) prokaryotic; eukaryotic 
E) eukaryotic; prokaryotic

Question 18

Choose the correct pathway of information flow in the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) RNA → DNA → protein 
B) DNA → RNA → protein 
C) ER → DNA → RNA → protein 
D) ER → DNA → Golgi → protein 
A) RNA → DNA → protein 
B) DNA → RNA → protein 
C) ER → DNA → RNA → protein 
D) ER → DNA → Golgi → protein

Question 19

The ________ is an organelle that extracts energy from food molecules; the ________ is an organelle that captures solar energy.

Accepted Answer

mitochondr

Question 20

Which of the following statements does NOT agree with the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Insects are composed of cells. 
B) Paramecium comes from Paramecium. 
C) Bacteria are the smallest possible organisms. 
D) Minerals in the diet are important for good health. 
E) Spontaneous generation cannot occur. 
A) Insects are composed of cells. 
B) Paramecium comes from Paramecium. 
C) Bacteria are the smallest possible organisms. 
D) Minerals in the diet are important for good health. 
E) Spontaneous generation cannot occur.

Exam 4: Cell Structure and Function

Compare and contrast plant and animal cell structure. Include at least two similarities and two differences.

A mutant plant cell with no chloroplasts would:

The small, circular loops of DNA in prokaryotic cells that are separate from the main chromosome and may harbor genes are called:

What is the function of a plant cell vacuole?

What are the three main components of modern cell theory?

Briefly describe the similarities and differences between cilia and flagella.

Membrane proteins are synthesized on ribosomes that are found:

Of the objects listed, which is the smallest that you can see with the unaided eye?

RNA carries information for protein synthesis from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. To get from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, RNA must pass through ________ in the nuclear membrane.

Prokaryotes that are rod-shaped are called:

Why are cells generally small?

Which is a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

The formation of ATP in the mitochondria, which is an oxygen-dependent reaction, is called:

Site of protein synthesis

Cells that primarily produce steroid hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen, have large quantities of:

If you removed the sex pili from a bacterial cell, then the:

The phospholipids that make up the plasma membrane have ________ heads and ________ tails.

Choose the correct pathway of information flow in the cell.

The ________ is an organelle that extracts energy from food molecules; the ________ is an organelle that captures solar energy.

Which of the following statements does NOT agree with the cell theory?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

The phospholipids that make up the plasma membrane have heads and tails.

The is an organelle that extracts energy from food molecules; the is an organelle that captures solar energy.