Question 1

What is the difference between "free" and "attached" ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Free ribosomes occur in the cytoplasm, whereas attached ribosomes are found on the endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) Free ribosomes produce proteins, whereas attached ribosomes produce carbohydrates. 
C) Free ribosomes produce proteins that are exported from the cell, while attached ribosomes make proteins for mitochondria and chloroplasts. 
D) Free ribosomes are readily "used up" by the cell and are replaced frequently, whereas attached ribosomes remain functional for the lifetime of the cell. 
A) Free ribosomes occur in the cytoplasm, whereas attached ribosomes are found on the endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) Free ribosomes produce proteins, whereas attached ribosomes produce carbohydrates. 
C) Free ribosomes produce proteins that are exported from the cell, while attached ribosomes make proteins for mitochondria and chloroplasts. 
D) Free ribosomes are readily "used up" by the cell and are replaced frequently, whereas attached ribosomes remain functional for the lifetime of the cell.

Question 2

All of the following are components of the modern cell theory EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. 
B) The smallest living organisms are single cells. 
C) All cells arise from preexisting cells. 
D) Bacterial cells are eukaryotic. 
E) Cells are the functional units of multicellular organisms. 
A) All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. 
B) The smallest living organisms are single cells. 
C) All cells arise from preexisting cells. 
D) Bacterial cells are eukaryotic. 
E) Cells are the functional units of multicellular organisms.

Question 3

Researchers have been able to study the pathway of a secreted protein by "tagging" it with a fluorescent marker. Using this method, you would observe fluorescence moving from the ER to which organelle?

Accepted Answer

A) nuclear membrane 
B) lysosome 
C) plasma membrane 
D) mitochondria 
E) Golgi apparatus 
A) nuclear membrane 
B) lysosome 
C) plasma membrane 
D) mitochondria 
E) Golgi apparatus

Question 4

Most of the cell's metabolic activities occur in the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most of the cell's metabolic activities occur...

Question 5

Which of the following is the thinnest?

Accepted Answer

A) a flagellum 
B) a microtubule 
C) an intermediate filament 
D) a microfilament 
A) a flagellum 
B) a microtubule 
C) an intermediate filament 
D) a microfilament

Question 6

What components do all cells possess?

Accepted Answer

DNA (at some point i

Question 7

The food particles shown in this figure are being:

Accepted Answer

A) ingested by endosymbiosis and digested with enzymes produced within the lysosomes. 
B) ingested by phagocytosis and digested with enzymes produced in the lysosomes. 
C) ingested by endosymbiosis and digested with enzymes produced at the ribosomes. 
D) ingested by phagocytosis and digested with enzymes produced at the ribosomes. 
A) ingested by endosymbiosis and digested with enzymes produced within the lysosomes. 
B) ingested by phagocytosis and digested with enzymes produced in the lysosomes. 
C) ingested by endosymbiosis and digested with enzymes produced at the ribosomes. 
D) ingested by phagocytosis and digested with enzymes produced at the ribosomes.

Question 8

Which of the following is the smallest?

Accepted Answer

A) eukaryotic cell 
B) prokaryotic cell 
C) mitochondrion 
D) virus 
A) eukaryotic cell 
B) prokaryotic cell 
C) mitochondrion 
D) virus

Question 9

A nucleolus is:

Accepted Answer

A) an extra nucleus in the cell. 
B) an area in the nucleus where ribosomes are made. 
C) an area where the nucleus is synthesized. 
D) a membrane-bound organelle. 
E) the area in a prokaryote where DNA is concentrated. 
A) an extra nucleus in the cell. 
B) an area in the nucleus where ribosomes are made. 
C) an area where the nucleus is synthesized. 
D) a membrane-bound organelle. 
E) the area in a prokaryote where DNA is concentrated.

Question 10

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC)is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) organelle. 
B) polysaccharide. 
C) glycoprotein. 
D) phospholipid. 
A) organelle. 
B) polysaccharide. 
C) glycoprotein. 
D) phospholipid.

Question 11

Which type of microscope has the best resolution?

Accepted Answer

A) a modern light microscope 
B) an electron microscope 
C) Leeuwenhoek's microscope 
D) Hooke's microscope 
A) a modern light microscope 
B) an electron microscope 
C) Leeuwenhoek's microscope 
D) Hooke's microscope

Question 12

Makes steroid hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 13

Sorts proteins and sends them to their proper destination

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 14

What primarily determines the shape of animal cells, which lack cell walls?

Accepted Answer

A) nucleus 
B) cytoplasm 
C) endoplasmic reticulum 
D) cytoskeleton 
E) ribosomes 
A) nucleus 
B) cytoplasm 
C) endoplasmic reticulum 
D) cytoskeleton 
E) ribosomes

Question 15

Treponema pallidum is the organism that causes syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease. This organism moves around freely, making it well adapted to traveling within bodily fluids and being spread from host to host during intimate contact. It possesses a single chromosome and has relatively few genes. The overall shape of this single-celled organism is similar to a corkscrew, with many twists and turns along its length. Based on this information, Treponema is most likely what type of cell?

Accepted Answer

A) a flagellated eukaryote 
B) a prokaryotic bacillus 
C) a prokaryotic coccus 
D) a prokaryotic spirillum 
E) a ciliated eukaryote 
A) a flagellated eukaryote 
B) a prokaryotic bacillus 
C) a prokaryotic coccus 
D) a prokaryotic spirillum 
E) a ciliated eukaryote

Question 16

Of the following cell components, which is composed primarily of protein?

Accepted Answer

A) cytoskeleton 
B) DNA 
C) chromatin 
D) mitochondria 
E) Golgi complex 
A) cytoskeleton 
B) DNA 
C) chromatin 
D) mitochondria 
E) Golgi complex

Question 17

Responsible for most of a muscle cell's ATP generation

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  Mitochondrion 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  Rough endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  Lysosome 
E)  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

What is NOT a feature of a prokaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A) a plasma membrane 
B) a nuclear membrane 
C) ribosomes 
D) enzymes 
E) DNA 
A) a plasma membrane 
B) a nuclear membrane 
C) ribosomes 
D) enzymes 
E) DNA

Question 19

Prokaryotic cells do not have mitochondria, so they cannot make ATP energy. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A cell with a large number of lysosomes would most likely be very active in:

Accepted Answer

A) lipid synthesis. 
B) cell division. 
C) movement. 
D) phagocytosis. 
A) lipid synthesis. 
B) cell division. 
C) movement. 
D) phagocytosis.

Exam 4: Cell Structure and Function

What is the difference between "free" and "attached" ribosomes?

All of the following are components of the modern cell theory EXCEPT:

Researchers have been able to study the pathway of a secreted protein by "tagging" it with a fluorescent marker. Using this method, you would observe fluorescence moving from the ER to which organelle?

Most of the cell's metabolic activities occur in the ________.

Which of the following is the thinnest?

What components do all cells possess?

The food particles shown in this figure are being:

Which of the following is the smallest?

A nucleolus is:

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC)is an example of a(n):

Which type of microscope has the best resolution?

Makes steroid hormones

Sorts proteins and sends them to their proper destination

What primarily determines the shape of animal cells, which lack cell walls?

Of the following cell components, which is composed primarily of protein?

Responsible for most of a muscle cell's ATP generation

What is NOT a feature of a prokaryotic cell?

Prokaryotic cells do not have mitochondria, so they cannot make ATP energy. True or False?

A cell with a large number of lysosomes would most likely be very active in:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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