Question 1

What is the relationship among DNA, a gene, and a chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A) A chromosome contains hundreds of genes, which are composed of protein. 
B) A chromosome contains hundreds of genes, which are composed of DNA. 
C) A gene contains hundreds of chromosomes, which are composed of protein. 
D) A gene is composed of DNA, but it has no relationship to a chromosome. 
E) A gene contains hundreds of chromosomes, which are composed of DNA. 
A) A chromosome contains hundreds of genes, which are composed of protein. 
B) A chromosome contains hundreds of genes, which are composed of DNA. 
C) A gene contains hundreds of chromosomes, which are composed of protein. 
D) A gene is composed of DNA, but it has no relationship to a chromosome. 
E) A gene contains hundreds of chromosomes, which are composed of DNA.

Question 2

The "rule" formulated by Chargaff states that:

Accepted Answer

A) A = T and G = C in any molecule of DNA. 
B) A = C and G = T in any molecule of DNA. 
C) A = G and C = T in any molecule of DNA. 
D) A = U and G = C in any molecule of RNA. 
E) DNA and RNA are made up of the same four nitrogenous bases. 
A) A = T and G = C in any molecule of DNA. 
B) A = C and G = T in any molecule of DNA. 
C) A = G and C = T in any molecule of DNA. 
D) A = U and G = C in any molecule of RNA. 
E) DNA and RNA are made up of the same four nitrogenous bases.

Question 3

In Griffith's experiments, what happened when heat-killed S-strain bacteria were injected into a mouse along with live R-strain bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA from the live R-strain was taken up by the heat-killed S-strain, converting them to R-strain and killing the mouse. 
B) DNA from the heat-killed S-strain was taken up by the live R-strain, converting them to S-strain and killing the mouse. 
C) Proteins released from the heat-killed S-strain killed the mouse. 
D) RNA from the heat-killed S-strain was translated into proteins that killed the mouse. 
A) DNA from the live R-strain was taken up by the heat-killed S-strain, converting them to R-strain and killing the mouse. 
B) DNA from the heat-killed S-strain was taken up by the live R-strain, converting them to S-strain and killing the mouse. 
C) Proteins released from the heat-killed S-strain killed the mouse. 
D) RNA from the heat-killed S-strain was translated into proteins that killed the mouse.

Question 4

The molecule ________ carries the genetic "blueprints" for all forms of life on Earth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The molecule ________ carries the genetic "blueprints"...

Question 5

It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completing their model that a DNA molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information in its:

Accepted Answer

A) sequence of bases. 
B) phosphate-sugar backbone. 
C) variety of phosphate groups. 
D) side groups of bases. 
E) different five-carbon sugars. 
A) sequence of bases. 
B) phosphate-sugar backbone. 
C) variety of phosphate groups. 
D) side groups of bases. 
E) different five-carbon sugars.

Question 6

"Chargaff's rule" for base pairing in DNA is that:

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of A = the amount of C, and the amount of G = the amount of T. 
B) A bonds with C, and G bonds with T. 
C) A bonds with G, and C bonds with T. 
D) A bonds with T, and G bonds with C. 
E) the amount of A = the amount of G, and the amount of C = the amount of T. 
A) the amount of A = the amount of C, and the amount of G = the amount of T. 
B) A bonds with C, and G bonds with T. 
C) A bonds with G, and C bonds with T. 
D) A bonds with T, and G bonds with C. 
E) the amount of A = the amount of G, and the amount of C = the amount of T.

Question 7

By the early 1950s, many biologists realized that the key to understanding inheritance lay in the structure of:

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) protein. 
C) enzymes. 
D) chromosomes. 
E) ribosomes. 
A) DNA. 
B) protein. 
C) enzymes. 
D) chromosomes. 
E) ribosomes.

Question 8

Newly replicated DNA strands contain (on average)one mistake for every:

Accepted Answer

A) 1 to 100 base pairs. 
B) 100 to 1,000 base pairs. 
C) 100,000 to 1 million base pairs. 
D) 100 million to 1 billion base pairs. 
A) 1 to 100 base pairs. 
B) 100 to 1,000 base pairs. 
C) 100,000 to 1 million base pairs. 
D) 100 million to 1 billion base pairs.

Question 9

In a DNA molecule, base pairing occurs between:

Accepted Answer

A) adenine and thymine. 
B) adenine and guanine. 
C) guanine and uracil. 
D) thymine and cytosine. 
E) adenine and uracil. 
A) adenine and thymine. 
B) adenine and guanine. 
C) guanine and uracil. 
D) thymine and cytosine. 
E) adenine and uracil.

Question 10

Watson and Crick are credited with the discovery and description of the DNA:

Accepted Answer

A) deoxyribose sugar. 
B) phosphate group. 
C) double helix. 
D) hydrogen bonds. 
E) covalent bonds. 
A) deoxyribose sugar. 
B) phosphate group. 
C) double helix. 
D) hydrogen bonds. 
E) covalent bonds.

Question 11

Based on this figure, which type(s)of bacteria would you expect to be isolated from the dead mouse in the final experiment (involving the mixture of bacterial strains)?

Accepted Answer

A) living R-strain only 
B) heat-killed S-strain only 
C) living R-strain and heat-killed S-strain only 
D) at least some living S-strain 
A) living R-strain only 
B) heat-killed S-strain only 
C) living R-strain and heat-killed S-strain only 
D) at least some living S-strain

Question 12

Segments of DNA that are made during replication are joined together by ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Segments of DNA that are made during...

Question 13

The number of subunits in a DNA molecule is more important to its function than the sequence of these subunits. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Most mutations are harmful, although some can be beneficial. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Bacterial cells have only one DNA molecule, which is double stranded and is replicated in essentially the same fashion as in eukaryotes. Imagine that, following the techniques of other scientists studying DNA, you created a bacterial cell that contains only radioactive nitrogen in its DNA. You then place the cell in a culture medium containing only "regular" (nonradioactive)nitrogen, Based on this scenario and your knowledge of DNA structure and replication, how many cells will contain some DNA with radioactive nitrogen after four rounds of cell replication?

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) four 
D) eight 
E) 16 
A) one 
B) two 
C) four 
D) eight 
E) 16

Question 16

How many different kinds of nucleotides are in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) two 
B) four 
C) hundreds or thousands 
D) millions or billions 
A) two 
B) four 
C) hundreds or thousands 
D) millions or billions

Question 17

What are the three main components of a DNA nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A DNA nucleotide con

Question 18

DNA replication occurs without errors due to the complementary base pairing used in the copying process. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which component of a DNA nucleotide could be removed without breaking the polynucleotide chain?

Accepted Answer

A) ribose 
B) deoxyribose 
C) phosphate 
D) uracil 
E) thymine 
A) ribose 
B) deoxyribose 
C) phosphate 
D) uracil 
E) thymine

Question 20

The two polynucleotide chains in a DNA molecule are attached to each other by:

Accepted Answer

A) covalent bonds between carbon atoms. 
B) hydrogen bonds between bases. 
C) peptide bonds between amino acids. 
D) ionic bonds between "R" groups in amino acids. 
E) covalent bonds between phosphates and sugars. 
A) covalent bonds between carbon atoms. 
B) hydrogen bonds between bases. 
C) peptide bonds between amino acids. 
D) ionic bonds between "R" groups in amino acids. 
E) covalent bonds between phosphates and sugars.

Exam 11: Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

What is the relationship among DNA, a gene, and a chromosome?

The "rule" formulated by Chargaff states that:

In Griffith's experiments, what happened when heat-killed S-strain bacteria were injected into a mouse along with live R-strain bacteria?

The molecule ________ carries the genetic "blueprints" for all forms of life on Earth.

It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completing their model that a DNA molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information in its:

"Chargaff's rule" for base pairing in DNA is that:

By the early 1950s, many biologists realized that the key to understanding inheritance lay in the structure of:

Newly replicated DNA strands contain (on average)one mistake for every:

In a DNA molecule, base pairing occurs between:

Watson and Crick are credited with the discovery and description of the DNA:

Based on this figure, which type(s)of bacteria would you expect to be isolated from the dead mouse in the final experiment (involving the mixture of bacterial strains)?

Segments of DNA that are made during replication are joined together by ________.

The number of subunits in a DNA molecule is more important to its function than the sequence of these subunits. True or False?

Most mutations are harmful, although some can be beneficial. True or False?

How many different kinds of nucleotides are in DNA?

What are the three main components of a DNA nucleotide?

DNA replication occurs without errors due to the complementary base pairing used in the copying process. True or False?

Which component of a DNA nucleotide could be removed without breaking the polynucleotide chain?

The two polynucleotide chains in a DNA molecule are attached to each other by:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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