Question 1

How do scientists know that proofreading occurs during and after the DNA replication process?

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase mismatches base

Question 2

Semiconservative DNA replication means that:

Accepted Answer

A) the old DNA is completely broken down. 
B) the old DNA remains completely intact. 
C) A pairs with T and G pairs with C. 
D) only half of the DNA is replicated. 
E) each new DNA molecule has half the DNA from the old one. 
A) the old DNA is completely broken down. 
B) the old DNA remains completely intact. 
C) A pairs with T and G pairs with C. 
D) only half of the DNA is replicated. 
E) each new DNA molecule has half the DNA from the old one.

Question 3

When Griffith experimented with two types of Streptococcus pneumoniae, he found that:

Accepted Answer

A) the deadly strain killed the mice, but the nondeadly strain did not. 
B) if the deadly strain was heat-killed before injection, the mice lived. 
C) if the nondeadly strain was mixed with the heat-killed, nondeadly strain before injection, the mice died. 
D) if the nondeadly strain was mixed with the heat-killed, deadly strain before injection, the mice died. 
A) the deadly strain killed the mice, but the nondeadly strain did not. 
B) if the deadly strain was heat-killed before injection, the mice lived. 
C) if the nondeadly strain was mixed with the heat-killed, nondeadly strain before injection, the mice died. 
D) if the nondeadly strain was mixed with the heat-killed, deadly strain before injection, the mice died.

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE about the accuracy of DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A) Many errors are made during DNA replication, but this does not matter because of the immense size of the DNA molecule. 
B) Many errors are made during DNA replication, but this does not matter because repair enzymes mend the errors. 
C) The few errors made by DNA polymerase are usually corrected by repair enzymes. 
D) DNA polymerase makes very few errors, so no repair enzymes are needed. 
E) DNA polymerase always makes a perfect copy of the original DNA. 
A) Many errors are made during DNA replication, but this does not matter because of the immense size of the DNA molecule. 
B) Many errors are made during DNA replication, but this does not matter because repair enzymes mend the errors. 
C) The few errors made by DNA polymerase are usually corrected by repair enzymes. 
D) DNA polymerase makes very few errors, so no repair enzymes are needed. 
E) DNA polymerase always makes a perfect copy of the original DNA.

Question 5

The X-ray diffraction pattern for DNA suggested to Wilkins and Franklin all of the following features about DNA EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) a DNA molecule is helical. 
B) a DNA molecule has a diameter of 2 nanometers. 
C) one full turn of the DNA helix occurs every 3.4 nanometers. 
D) the phosphate-sugar "backbone" of the molecule is on the outside of the DNA helix. 
E) in a DNA molecule, A pairs with T and G pairs with C. 
A) a DNA molecule is helical. 
B) a DNA molecule has a diameter of 2 nanometers. 
C) one full turn of the DNA helix occurs every 3.4 nanometers. 
D) the phosphate-sugar "backbone" of the molecule is on the outside of the DNA helix. 
E) in a DNA molecule, A pairs with T and G pairs with C.

Question 6

DNA replication uses ________ base pairing to ensure genetic constancy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of DNA replication uses ________ base pairing to...

Question 7

Imagine that a DNA sequence of 5'-A-C-G-T-A-C-G-T-3' is altered to 5'-A-C-G-C-A-C-G-T-3'. This could happen as a result of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) point mutation. 
B) deletion mutation. 
C) insertion mutation. 
D) inversion. 
E) translocation. 
A) point mutation. 
B) deletion mutation. 
C) insertion mutation. 
D) inversion. 
E) translocation.

Question 8

How many different kinds of base pairings are in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) two 
B) four 
C) hundreds or thousands 
D) millions or billions 
A) two 
B) four 
C) hundreds or thousands 
D) millions or billions

Question 9

Chromosomes contain both ________ and ________, and early-20th-century scientists were unsure which of these carried the heritable units called genes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chromosomes contain both ________ and ________, and...

Question 10

DNA polymerase, before any proofreading by repair enzymes, makes (on average)one mistake for every:

Accepted Answer

A) 1 to 100 base pairs. 
B) 100 to 1,000 base pairs. 
C) 1,000 to 100,000 base pairs. 
D) 100,000 to 1 million base pairs. 
E) 100 million to 1 billion base pairs. 
A) 1 to 100 base pairs. 
B) 100 to 1,000 base pairs. 
C) 1,000 to 100,000 base pairs. 
D) 100,000 to 1 million base pairs. 
E) 100 million to 1 billion base pairs.

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the genetic information in the cells of your body?

Accepted Answer

A) Different kinds of body cells contain different genetic information. 
B) Each type of body cell contains only the genetic information it needs to be that type of cell. 
C) The genetic information in almost all of your body cells is identical. 
D) The genetic information in your body cells changes in a predictable manner as you grow and develop. 
A) Different kinds of body cells contain different genetic information. 
B) Each type of body cell contains only the genetic information it needs to be that type of cell. 
C) The genetic information in almost all of your body cells is identical. 
D) The genetic information in your body cells changes in a predictable manner as you grow and develop.

Question 12

Regarding the structure of DNA, which joins sugar to phosphate?

Accepted Answer

A) deoxyribose 
B) phosphate 
C) double helix 
D) hydrogen bonds 
E) covalent bonds 
A) deoxyribose 
B) phosphate 
C) double helix 
D) hydrogen bonds 
E) covalent bonds

Question 13

If the quantities of the four bases in a DNA molecule are measured, we find that:

Accepted Answer

A) A = C and G = T. 
B) A = G and C = T. 
C) T = A and C = G. 
D) no two bases are equal in amount. 
E) all bases are equal in amount. 
A) A = C and G = T. 
B) A = G and C = T. 
C) T = A and C = G. 
D) no two bases are equal in amount. 
E) all bases are equal in amount.

Question 14

When DNA polymerase encounters thymine in the parental strand, what does it add to the growing daughter strand?

Accepted Answer

A) deoxyribose 
B) phosphate group 
C) adenine 
D) uracil 
A) deoxyribose 
B) phosphate group 
C) adenine 
D) uracil

Question 15

________ is the process whereby a molecule of DNA copies itself.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the process whereby a molecule...

Question 16

DNA polymerase has the ability to match the nucleotide base in the parental strand with a free nucleotide that is complementary to that base. It then forms the covalent bonds between the nucleotides in the growing daughter strand of DNA. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When chromosomes replicate:

Accepted Answer

A) the two DNA strands separate and each is used as a template for synthesis of a new strand. 
B) new DNA synthesis occurs in only one location along the entire DNA molecule. 
C) one strand of the DNA is completely replicated first, and then the second strand is replicated. 
D) the original DNA is distributed to the two daughter cells, with no new DNA synthesized. 
A) the two DNA strands separate and each is used as a template for synthesis of a new strand. 
B) new DNA synthesis occurs in only one location along the entire DNA molecule. 
C) one strand of the DNA is completely replicated first, and then the second strand is replicated. 
D) the original DNA is distributed to the two daughter cells, with no new DNA synthesized.

Question 18

In DNA, phosphate groups bond to:

Accepted Answer

A) adenine. 
B) ribose. 
C) pyrimidine bases. 
D) other phosphate groups. 
E) deoxyribose. 
A) adenine. 
B) ribose. 
C) pyrimidine bases. 
D) other phosphate groups. 
E) deoxyribose.

Question 19

Regarding the structure of DNA, which is covalently bonded to a nitrogen-containing base?

Accepted Answer

A) deoxyribose 
B) phosphate 
C) double helix 
D) hydrogen bonds 
E) covalent bonds 
A) deoxyribose 
B) phosphate 
C) double helix 
D) hydrogen bonds 
E) covalent bonds

Question 20

________ breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs during DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary...

Exam 11: Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

How do scientists know that proofreading occurs during and after the DNA replication process?

Semiconservative DNA replication means that:

When Griffith experimented with two types of Streptococcus pneumoniae, he found that:

Which of the following is TRUE about the accuracy of DNA replication?

The X-ray diffraction pattern for DNA suggested to Wilkins and Franklin all of the following features about DNA EXCEPT:

DNA replication uses ________ base pairing to ensure genetic constancy.

Imagine that a DNA sequence of 5'-A-C-G-T-A-C-G-T-3' is altered to 5'-A-C-G-C-A-C-G-T-3'. This could happen as a result of a(n):

How many different kinds of base pairings are in DNA?

Chromosomes contain both ________ and ________, and early-20th-century scientists were unsure which of these carried the heritable units called genes.

DNA polymerase, before any proofreading by repair enzymes, makes (on average)one mistake for every:

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the genetic information in the cells of your body?

Regarding the structure of DNA, which joins sugar to phosphate?

If the quantities of the four bases in a DNA molecule are measured, we find that:

When DNA polymerase encounters thymine in the parental strand, what does it add to the growing daughter strand?

________ is the process whereby a molecule of DNA copies itself.

DNA polymerase has the ability to match the nucleotide base in the parental strand with a free nucleotide that is complementary to that base. It then forms the covalent bonds between the nucleotides in the growing daughter strand of DNA. True or False?

When chromosomes replicate:

In DNA, phosphate groups bond to:

Regarding the structure of DNA, which is covalently bonded to a nitrogen-containing base?

________ breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs during DNA replication.

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

Chromosomes contain both and , and early-20th-century scientists were unsure which of these carried the heritable units called genes.