Question 1

Each B cell of the immune system produces:

Accepted Answer

A) only one kind of antibody. 
B) several different antibodies. 
C) an infinite diversity of antibodies. 
D) the antibodies specified by its variable region gene. 
E) the antibodies specified by its constant region gene. 
A) only one kind of antibody. 
B) several different antibodies. 
C) an infinite diversity of antibodies. 
D) the antibodies specified by its variable region gene. 
E) the antibodies specified by its constant region gene.

Question 2

Macrophages:

Accepted Answer

A) cannot squeeze through capillary walls. 
B) are microbe-digesting enzymes in tears, saliva, and mucus. 
C) act by phagocytosis. 
D) are microbes located within the immune system. 
A) cannot squeeze through capillary walls. 
B) are microbe-digesting enzymes in tears, saliva, and mucus. 
C) act by phagocytosis. 
D) are microbes located within the immune system.

Question 3

Antibodies attach to a B cell via:

Accepted Answer

A) mucus. 
B) the stem of the antibody. 
C) the heavy chain of the arm of the antibody. 
D) the light chain of the arm of the antibody. 
E) sticky proteins produced by T cells. 
A) mucus. 
B) the stem of the antibody. 
C) the heavy chain of the arm of the antibody. 
D) the light chain of the arm of the antibody. 
E) sticky proteins produced by T cells.

Question 4

Antibodies are Y-shaped. The part of the Y that binds to an antigen is the:

Accepted Answer

A) constant region of the light chain. 
B) tip of the arm. 
C) stem of the Y. 
D) constant region of the heavy chain. 
A) constant region of the light chain. 
B) tip of the arm. 
C) stem of the Y. 
D) constant region of the heavy chain.

Question 5

Vaccinations protect against future exposure to disease organisms by:

Accepted Answer

A) increasing the number of red blood cells. 
B) stimulating suppressor T cells. 
C) increasing complement proteins. 
D) forming memory cells. 
A) increasing the number of red blood cells. 
B) stimulating suppressor T cells. 
C) increasing complement proteins. 
D) forming memory cells.

Question 6

Cells that release histamine are:

Accepted Answer

A) neutrophils. 
B) mast cells. 
C) B cells. 
D) T cells. 
E) macrophages. 
A) neutrophils. 
B) mast cells. 
C) B cells. 
D) T cells. 
E) macrophages.

Question 7

Vaccinations involve injecting ________ into the person or animal.

Accepted Answer

A) weakened or killed microbes 
B) antibiotics 
C) the disease itself 
D) antibodies against the disease 
E) antibodies against similar diseases 
A) weakened or killed microbes 
B) antibiotics 
C) the disease itself 
D) antibodies against the disease 
E) antibodies against similar diseases

Question 8

The proteins that must be matched as closely as possible between an organ donor and a recipient are the ________ proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) glyco- 
B) MHC 
C) clotting factor 
D) cytokine 
A) glyco- 
B) MHC 
C) clotting factor 
D) cytokine

Question 9

Which of the following are the first line of defense against microbial attack?

Accepted Answer

A) nonspecific responses 
B) immune responses 
C) external barriers 
D) mucous and ciliary actions 
A) nonspecific responses 
B) immune responses 
C) external barriers 
D) mucous and ciliary actions

Exam 36: Defenses Against Disease

Each B cell of the immune system produces:

Macrophages:

Antibodies attach to a B cell via:

Antibodies are Y-shaped. The part of the Y that binds to an antigen is the:

Vaccinations protect against future exposure to disease organisms by:

Cells that release histamine are:

Vaccinations involve injecting ________ into the person or animal.

The proteins that must be matched as closely as possible between an organ donor and a recipient are the ________ proteins.

Which of the following are the first line of defense against microbial attack?

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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