Question 1

Why are both carbon dioxide and oxygen limited in aquatic environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are not very soluble in water. 
B)  They change to different chemical forms in water. 
C)  They cannot diffuse across cell membranes. 
D)  They are rare in the atmosphere and therefore limited in water. 
A)  They are not very soluble in water. 
B)  They change to different chemical forms in water. 
C)  They cannot diffuse across cell membranes. 
D)  They are rare in the atmosphere and therefore limited in water.

Question 2

Limestone deposits are due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the low pH of ocean water. 
B)  the solubility of calcium carbonate. 
C)  the polar nature of water. 
D)  acid deposition. 
A)  the low pH of ocean water. 
B)  the solubility of calcium carbonate. 
C)  the polar nature of water. 
D)  acid deposition.

Question 3

Which does NOT limit the ability of aquatic plants to photosynthesize?

Accepted Answer

A)  slow diffusion of carbon dioxide in water 
B)  boundary layers 
C)  the size of bicarbonate molecules 
D)  high levels of carbonic acid 
A)  slow diffusion of carbon dioxide in water 
B)  boundary layers 
C)  the size of bicarbonate molecules 
D)  high levels of carbonic acid

Question 4

Why is it surprising that some organisms are able to live at temperatures above 75°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  High temperatures decrease the efficiency of glycoproteins. 
B)  High temperatures denature proteins. 
C)  High temperatures evaporate water in cells. 
D)  High temperatures increase the permeability of cell membranes. 
A)  High temperatures decrease the efficiency of glycoproteins. 
B)  High temperatures denature proteins. 
C)  High temperatures evaporate water in cells. 
D)  High temperatures increase the permeability of cell membranes.

Question 5

Suppose organisms in a lake are limited by oxygen. How might the lake's ability to support organisms change if the temperature increased by 10°C, assuming that all the organisms were still within their thermal optima?

Accepted Answer

A)  It could support about twice as many organisms. 
B)  It could support about half as many organisms. 
C)  It could support about the same number of organisms. 
D)  More information is required to determine whether it would change. 
A)  It could support about twice as many organisms. 
B)  It could support about half as many organisms. 
C)  It could support about the same number of organisms. 
D)  More information is required to determine whether it would change.

Question 6

The limit to the amount of minerals water can hold is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the dissolution limit. 
B)  the solvent point. 
C)  deposition. 
D)  saturation. 
A)  the dissolution limit. 
B)  the solvent point. 
C)  deposition. 
D)  saturation.

Question 7

Coral bleaching

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when coral exoskeletons begin to break down. 
B)  is due to a lack of dissolved nutrients from the surrounding water. 
C)  is a temporary process that is usually reversed within days. 
D)  occurs when algae are expelled from coral. 
A)  occurs when coral exoskeletons begin to break down. 
B)  is due to a lack of dissolved nutrients from the surrounding water. 
C)  is a temporary process that is usually reversed within days. 
D)  occurs when algae are expelled from coral.

Question 8

Which is used to increase oxygen extraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen ions 
B)  boundary layers 
C)  countercurrent circulation 
D)  concurrent circulation 
A)  hydrogen ions 
B)  boundary layers 
C)  countercurrent circulation 
D)  concurrent circulation

Question 9

Which causes acid rain?

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 
B)  SO2 
C)  HCO3 
D)  NaOH 
A)  CO2 
B)  SO2 
C)  HCO3 
D)  NaOH

Question 10

How does a low pH harm aquatic environments?

Accepted Answer

A low pH in aquatic environments, often

Question 11

The thermal optimum for an organism results from

Accepted Answer

A)  the environment in which the organism is found. 
B)  the genetic makeup of the organism. 
C)  the niche of the organism. 
D)  the thermal properties of water. 
A)  the environment in which the organism is found. 
B)  the genetic makeup of the organism. 
C)  the niche of the organism. 
D)  the thermal properties of water.

Question 12

Solutes

Accepted Answer

A)  are membranes through which nutrients pass into cells. 
B)  reduce the acidity of water. 
C)  are particles that can pass through cell membranes. 
D)  are substances dissolved in water. 
A)  are membranes through which nutrients pass into cells. 
B)  reduce the acidity of water. 
C)  are particles that can pass through cell membranes. 
D)  are substances dissolved in water.

Question 13

What do a large standard deviation and small standard error tell you about the data from several samples?

Accepted Answer

A large standard deviation in conjunctio

Question 14

You are studying a river estuary system. Explain why a prolonged summer drought in the river's watershed might have a potential impact on species living in the estuary.

Accepted Answer

A prolonged summer drought in the river'

Question 15

How does the concentration of bicarbonate in water compare to the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air?

Accepted Answer

A)  one-tenth 
B)  about the same 
C)  twice as much 
D)  about 30 times more 
E)  over 100 times more 
A)  one-tenth 
B)  about the same 
C)  twice as much 
D)  about 30 times more 
E)  over 100 times more

Question 16

Water's polar nature

Accepted Answer

A)  explains its high density. 
B)  makes it a good solvent. 
C)  causes it to freeze at 0°C. 
D)  limits the amount of dissolved nutrients it can hold. 
A)  explains its high density. 
B)  makes it a good solvent. 
C)  causes it to freeze at 0°C. 
D)  limits the amount of dissolved nutrients it can hold.

Question 17

At what temperature does water reach its maximum density?

Accepted Answer

A)  32°C 
B)  0°C 
C)  4°C 
D)  -12°C 
E)  100°C 
A)  32°C 
B)  0°C 
C)  4°C 
D)  -12°C 
E)  100°C

Question 18

Which is the most basic?

Accepted Answer

A)  human blood 
B)  acid rain 
C)  carbonated beverages 
D)  pure water 
A)  human blood 
B)  acid rain 
C)  carbonated beverages 
D)  pure water

Question 19

What is unusual about the physical properties of water?

Accepted Answer

Water has several unusual physical prope

Question 20

How does the permeable nature of cells affect evolution in aquatic animals?

Accepted Answer

The permeable nature of cells in aquatic

Exam 2: Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Why are both carbon dioxide and oxygen limited in aquatic environments?

Limestone deposits are due to

Which does NOT limit the ability of aquatic plants to photosynthesize?

Why is it surprising that some organisms are able to live at temperatures above 75°C?

Suppose organisms in a lake are limited by oxygen. How might the lake's ability to support organisms change if the temperature increased by 10°C, assuming that all the organisms were still within their thermal optima?

The limit to the amount of minerals water can hold is called

Coral bleaching

Which is used to increase oxygen extraction?

Which causes acid rain?

How does a low pH harm aquatic environments?

The thermal optimum for an organism results from

Solutes

What do a large standard deviation and small standard error tell you about the data from several samples?

You are studying a river estuary system. Explain why a prolonged summer drought in the river's watershed might have a potential impact on species living in the estuary.

How does the concentration of bicarbonate in water compare to the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air?

Water's polar nature

At what temperature does water reach its maximum density?

Which is the most basic?

What is unusual about the physical properties of water?

How does the permeable nature of cells affect evolution in aquatic animals?

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Climates and Soils

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Reproductive Strategies

Social Behaviors

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Mutualism

Community Structure

Community Succession

Movement of Energy in Ecosystems

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology and Global Biodiversity

Global Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

Exam 2: Adaptations to Aquatic Environments　