Exam 7: Evolution and Adaptation　

When an error in meiosis causes sexually reproducing species to generate zygotes with three or more sets of chromosomes, this is known as

Natural selection will select for individuals that carry what genotype?

What process creates new alleles in a population?

Which of the following statements about evolution by artificial selection is correct?

Different forms of a particular gene are known as

Body size is a heritable trait in the amphipod, an aquatic crustacean. Fish preferentially consume large amphipods, leaving primarily small amphipods to breed. Based on these observations, how would we expect evolution to affect ponds with and without fish?

Stickleback fish exhibit variation in a morphological trait known as gill rakers. Fish with long gill rakers are very good at eating plankton, and fish with short gill rakers are good at eating deep-water invertebrates. However, fish with intermediate-length gill rakers are poor at eating either type of food. Fish that are better at consuming food have higher survival and reproduction rates than poorer consumers. Based on this information, what type of selection is likely acting on stickleback gill raker length?

Scientists working with phylogenetic trees assume that species that are more closely related are those species that have