Question 1

Plasma Ca2+ concentration is one of the most tightly controlled variables in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which statement below is relevant to cortisol?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has immunosuppressive effects. 
B)  It is an anti-inflammatory chemical. 
C)  It results in potassium excretion. 
D)  It has immunosuppressive effects and is an anti-inflammatory chemical. 
E)  It is an anti-inflammatory chemical and it results in potassium excretion. 
A)  It has immunosuppressive effects. 
B)  It is an anti-inflammatory chemical. 
C)  It results in potassium excretion. 
D)  It has immunosuppressive effects and is an anti-inflammatory chemical. 
E)  It is an anti-inflammatory chemical and it results in potassium excretion.

Question 3

Secretion of which of the following hormones is stimulated by an increase in blood glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon 
B)  cortisol 
C)  growth hormone 
D)  insulin 
E)  epinephrine 
A)  glucagon 
B)  cortisol 
C)  growth hormone 
D)  insulin 
E)  epinephrine

Question 4

The "iodine pump" actively transports hormone-bound iodine from the thyroid gland into the circulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Diurnal variation in secretion

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs with glucocorticoids 
B)  is related to the sleep-awake cycle 
C)  occurs as a result of stress 
D)  occurs with glucocorticoids and is related to the sleep-awake cycle 
E)  all of these 
A)  occurs with glucocorticoids 
B)  is related to the sleep-awake cycle 
C)  occurs as a result of stress 
D)  occurs with glucocorticoids and is related to the sleep-awake cycle 
E)  all of these

Question 6

The symptoms of aldosterone hypersecretion include hypernatremia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypertension.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following hormones is not secreted in response to stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  insulin 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  vasopressin 
A)  cortisol 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  insulin 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  vasopressin

Question 8

Calcitonin decreases plasma Ca2+.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The "iodine pump" refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanism whereby target cells extract iodine-containing thyroid hormone from the blood 
B)  active transport mechanism that concentrates iodine in the thyroid 
C)  mechanism whereby T3 and T4 are released from thyroglobulin and pumped into the circulation 
D)  protein binding process whereby T3 and T4 are pumped throughout the body bound to plasma proteins 
E)  mechanism whereby ingested iodine is absorbed by the small intestine 
A)  mechanism whereby target cells extract iodine-containing thyroid hormone from the blood 
B)  active transport mechanism that concentrates iodine in the thyroid 
C)  mechanism whereby T3 and T4 are released from thyroglobulin and pumped into the circulation 
D)  protein binding process whereby T3 and T4 are pumped throughout the body bound to plasma proteins 
E)  mechanism whereby ingested iodine is absorbed by the small intestine

Question 10

How is calcium important to homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It plays an important role in the absorption of vitamin D from the digestive tract. 
B)  It is important for maintaining the proper excitability of nerves and muscles. 
C)  It stimulates osteoblasts to lay down bone. 
D)  It plays an important role in the absorption of vitamin D from the digestive tract, and it is important for maintaining the proper excitability of nerves and muscles. 
E)  It is important for maintaining the proper excitability of nerves and muscles, and it stimulates osteoblasts to lay down bone. 
A)  It plays an important role in the absorption of vitamin D from the digestive tract. 
B)  It is important for maintaining the proper excitability of nerves and muscles. 
C)  It stimulates osteoblasts to lay down bone. 
D)  It plays an important role in the absorption of vitamin D from the digestive tract, and it is important for maintaining the proper excitability of nerves and muscles. 
E)  It is important for maintaining the proper excitability of nerves and muscles, and it stimulates osteoblasts to lay down bone.

Question 11

Increased levels of ____ would not result in increased blood fatty acid levels.

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon 
B)  growth hormone 
C)  insulin 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  cortisol 
A)  glucagon 
B)  growth hormone 
C)  insulin 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  cortisol

Question 12

Glycosuria develops from a changing osmotic effect at the

Accepted Answer

A)  working muscles 
B)  liver 
C)  brain 
D)  kidney 
E)  lungs 
A)  working muscles 
B)  liver 
C)  brain 
D)  kidney 
E)  lungs

Question 13

The presence of a goiter is always indicative of hyperthyroidism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The actions of glucocorticoids include

Accepted Answer

A)  increased gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis 
B)  increased fat mobilization 
C)  increased breakdown of muscle proteins 
D)  anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects at pharmacological levels 
E)  all of these 
A)  increased gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis 
B)  increased fat mobilization 
C)  increased breakdown of muscle proteins 
D)  anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects at pharmacological levels 
E)  all of these

Question 15

Complete each of the following statments.
Bone is a living tissue composed of an organic extracellular matrix impregnated with ____________________ crystals consisting primarily of ____________________ salts.

Accepted Answer

hydroxyapa

Question 16

A goiter

Accepted Answer

A)  may occur with hyper- and hypothyroidism 
B)  refers to cancerous tumor in the thyroid gland 
C)  occurs only in the presence of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin 
D)  may occur with hyper- and hypothyroidism and refers to a cancerous tumor in the thyroid gland 
E)  refers to a cancerous tumor in the thyroid gland and occurs only in the presence of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin 
A)  may occur with hyper- and hypothyroidism 
B)  refers to cancerous tumor in the thyroid gland 
C)  occurs only in the presence of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin 
D)  may occur with hyper- and hypothyroidism and refers to a cancerous tumor in the thyroid gland 
E)  refers to a cancerous tumor in the thyroid gland and occurs only in the presence of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin

Question 17

What happens to most of the secreted T4?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is phagocytized by target tissues. 
B)  It is converted into T3 after being peripherally stripped of one of its iodine atoms. 
C)  It is the major biologically active form of thyroid hormone at the cellular level. 
D)  It is split to form two DIT molecules, which are excreted in the urine. 
E)  It is permitted to exert its full biological effect as a result of epinephrine's permissive actions. 
A)  It is phagocytized by target tissues. 
B)  It is converted into T3 after being peripherally stripped of one of its iodine atoms. 
C)  It is the major biologically active form of thyroid hormone at the cellular level. 
D)  It is split to form two DIT molecules, which are excreted in the urine. 
E)  It is permitted to exert its full biological effect as a result of epinephrine's permissive actions.

Question 18

Complete each of the following statments.
The outer portion of the adrenal gland is known as the ____________________, which secretes hormones belonging to the chemical class of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

adrenal co

Question 19

Complete each of the following statments.
In response to stress, the hypothalamus secretes ____________________, which ultimately results in cortisol secretion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
In response...

Question 20

Hyperthyroidism can be due to all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  too much TRH 
B)  too much TSH 
C)  lack of iodine 
D)  too much T4 or T3 
E)  thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin 
A)  too much TRH 
B)  too much TSH 
C)  lack of iodine 
D)  too much T4 or T3 
E)  thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin

Exam 19: A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

Plasma Ca2+ concentration is one of the most tightly controlled variables in the body.

Which statement below is relevant to cortisol?

Secretion of which of the following hormones is stimulated by an increase in blood glucose?

The "iodine pump" actively transports hormone-bound iodine from the thyroid gland into the circulation.

Diurnal variation in secretion

The symptoms of aldosterone hypersecretion include hypernatremia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypertension.

Which of the following hormones is not secreted in response to stress?

Calcitonin decreases plasma Ca2+.

The "iodine pump" refers to the

How is calcium important to homeostasis?

Increased levels of ____ would not result in increased blood fatty acid levels.

Glycosuria develops from a changing osmotic effect at the

The presence of a goiter is always indicative of hyperthyroidism.

The actions of glucocorticoids include

Complete each of the following statments. Bone is a living tissue composed of an organic extracellular matrix impregnated with ____________________ crystals consisting primarily of ____________________ salts.

A goiter

What happens to most of the secreted T4?

Complete each of the following statments. The outer portion of the adrenal gland is known as the ____________________, which secretes hormones belonging to the chemical class of ____________________.

Complete each of the following statments. In response to stress, the hypothalamus secretes ____________________, which ultimately results in cortisol secretion.

Hyperthyroidism can be due to all of the following except

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

A--The Respiratory System

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

Filters

Plasma Ca²⁺ concentration is one of the most tightly controlled variables in the body.

Calcitonin decreases plasma Ca²⁺.

Complete each of the following statments. Bone is a living tissue composed of an organic extracellular matrix impregnated with crystals consisting primarily of salts.

What happens to most of the secreted T₄?

Complete each of the following statments. The outer portion of the adrenal gland is known as the , which secretes hormones belonging to the chemical class of .