Question 1

Which statement is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Somatostatin is produced by the hypothalamus. 
B)  Somatostatin is produced by the pancreatic D cells. 
C)  Somatostatin inhibits growth hormone secretion. 
D)  Somatostatin inhibits digestion of nutrients and decreases nutrient absorption. 
E)  Somatostatin is released in response to a fall in blood glucose and blood amino acids. 
A)  Somatostatin is produced by the hypothalamus. 
B)  Somatostatin is produced by the pancreatic D cells. 
C)  Somatostatin inhibits growth hormone secretion. 
D)  Somatostatin inhibits digestion of nutrients and decreases nutrient absorption. 
E)  Somatostatin is released in response to a fall in blood glucose and blood amino acids.

Question 2

Thyroid hormone is stored within the colloid attached to thyroglobulin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin stimulates both the secretion and growth of the thyroid similar to TSH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Vitamin D must be provided entirely by dietary sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following characterizes Type I but not Type II diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperglycemia 
B)  lack of insulin 
C)  polyuria and polydipsia 
D)  can usually be successfully managed by dietary control and weight reduction without the necessity of insulin injections 
E)  generally arises in adulthood 
A)  hyperglycemia 
B)  lack of insulin 
C)  polyuria and polydipsia 
D)  can usually be successfully managed by dietary control and weight reduction without the necessity of insulin injections 
E)  generally arises in adulthood

Question 6

Which of the following are plasma proteins to which thyroid hormone is bound in circulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  albumin 
B)  gamma globulin 
C)  thyroxine-binding globulin 
D)  albumin and gamma globulin 
E)  albumin and thyroxine-binding globulin 
A)  albumin 
B)  gamma globulin 
C)  thyroxine-binding globulin 
D)  albumin and gamma globulin 
E)  albumin and thyroxine-binding globulin

Question 7

Because of the thyroid hormone's growth-promoting effects, excessive growth is one outcome of excess thyroid hormone secretion in children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Complete each of the following statments.
Thyroid hormone is a derivative of the amino acid ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
Thyroid hormone...

Question 9

Complete each of the following statments.
The ____________________ cells of the thyroid gland secrete the iodine-containing hormones ____________________ and ____________________, whereas the ____________________ cells of the thyroid secrete the Ca2+-regulating hormone ____________________.

Accepted Answer

follicular, tri-iodo

Question 10

Untreated diabetes mellitus results in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  increased urinary excretion of glucose 
B)  metabolic acidosis 
C)  dehydration 
D)  decreased levels of fatty acids in the blood 
E)  increased levels of amino acids in the blood 
A)  increased urinary excretion of glucose 
B)  metabolic acidosis 
C)  dehydration 
D)  decreased levels of fatty acids in the blood 
E)  increased levels of amino acids in the blood

Question 11

Norepinephrine is released from sympathetic nerve terminals, whereas epinephrine is the most abundant secretory product of the adrenal medulla.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Calcium homeostasis

Accepted Answer

A)  involves the immediate adjustments required to maintain a constant free Ca2+ concentration on a minute-to-minute basis 
B)  involves slowly responding with adjustments required to maintain a constant total amount of Ca2+ in the body 
C)  is maintained primarily by the actions of parathyroid hormone 
D)  involves the immediate adjustments required to maintain a constant free Ca2+ concentration on a minute-to-minute basis, and is maintained primarily by the actions of parathyroid hormone 
E)  involves slowly responding with adjustments required to maintain a constant total amount of Ca2+ in the body, and is maintained primarily by the actions of parathyroid hormone 
A)  involves the immediate adjustments required to maintain a constant free Ca2+ concentration on a minute-to-minute basis 
B)  involves slowly responding with adjustments required to maintain a constant total amount of Ca2+ in the body 
C)  is maintained primarily by the actions of parathyroid hormone 
D)  involves the immediate adjustments required to maintain a constant free Ca2+ concentration on a minute-to-minute basis, and is maintained primarily by the actions of parathyroid hormone 
E)  involves slowly responding with adjustments required to maintain a constant total amount of Ca2+ in the body, and is maintained primarily by the actions of parathyroid hormone

Question 13

Stress is the primary stimulus for mineralocorticoid secretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

With regards to thyroid hormone secretion,

Accepted Answer

A)  The anterior pituitary controls daily regulation while the hypothalamus controls long-term patterns of secretion. 
B)  TSH causes TRH to be secreted, which in turn stimulates T3 and T4 release. 
C)  Thyroid hormone sends negative feedback to the hypothalamus. 
D)  Control is primarily neural. 
E)  All of these. 
A)  The anterior pituitary controls daily regulation while the hypothalamus controls long-term patterns of secretion. 
B)  TSH causes TRH to be secreted, which in turn stimulates T3 and T4 release. 
C)  Thyroid hormone sends negative feedback to the hypothalamus. 
D)  Control is primarily neural. 
E)  All of these.

Question 15

Osteoporosis is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced bone mass as a result of diminished deposition of the organic matrix of bone 
B)  abnormal bone calcification 
C)  hypocalcemia 
D)  reduced bone mass as a result of diminished deposition of the organic matrix of bone and abnormal bone calcification 
E)  none of these 
A)  reduced bone mass as a result of diminished deposition of the organic matrix of bone 
B)  abnormal bone calcification 
C)  hypocalcemia 
D)  reduced bone mass as a result of diminished deposition of the organic matrix of bone and abnormal bone calcification 
E)  none of these

Question 16

Over 99% of the circulating thyroid hormone is bound to plasma proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The thyroid gland stores enough thyroid hormone to supply the body's needs for several months.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following symptoms is not associated with hyperthyroidism?

Accepted Answer

A)  elevated basal metabolic rate 
B)  myxedema 
C)  weakness 
D)  excessive perspiration 
E)  palpitations 
A)  elevated basal metabolic rate 
B)  myxedema 
C)  weakness 
D)  excessive perspiration 
E)  palpitations

Question 19

In people who work during the day, cortisol levels in the plasma are normally higher in the morning than at night.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Gluconeogenesis

Accepted Answer

A)  refers to the conversion of fatty acids into glucose 
B)  results in an increase in blood glucose 
C)  is stimulated by insulin and GH 
D)  refers to the conversion of fatty acids into glucose and results in an increase in blood glucose 
E)  results in an increase in blood glucose and is stimulated by insulin and GH 
A)  refers to the conversion of fatty acids into glucose 
B)  results in an increase in blood glucose 
C)  is stimulated by insulin and GH 
D)  refers to the conversion of fatty acids into glucose and results in an increase in blood glucose 
E)  results in an increase in blood glucose and is stimulated by insulin and GH

Exam 19: A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

Which statement is incorrect?

Thyroid hormone is stored within the colloid attached to thyroglobulin.

Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin stimulates both the secretion and growth of the thyroid similar to TSH.

Vitamin D must be provided entirely by dietary sources.

Which of the following characterizes Type I but not Type II diabetes mellitus?

Which of the following are plasma proteins to which thyroid hormone is bound in circulation?

Because of the thyroid hormone's growth-promoting effects, excessive growth is one outcome of excess thyroid hormone secretion in children.

Complete each of the following statments. Thyroid hormone is a derivative of the amino acid ____________________.

Complete each of the following statments. The ____________________ cells of the thyroid gland secrete the iodine-containing hormones ____________________ and ____________________, whereas the ____________________ cells of the thyroid secrete the Ca2+-regulating hormone ____________________.

Untreated diabetes mellitus results in all of the following except

Norepinephrine is released from sympathetic nerve terminals, whereas epinephrine is the most abundant secretory product of the adrenal medulla.

Calcium homeostasis

Stress is the primary stimulus for mineralocorticoid secretion.

With regards to thyroid hormone secretion,

Osteoporosis is characterized by

Over 99% of the circulating thyroid hormone is bound to plasma proteins.

The thyroid gland stores enough thyroid hormone to supply the body's needs for several months.

Which of the following symptoms is not associated with hyperthyroidism?

In people who work during the day, cortisol levels in the plasma are normally higher in the morning than at night.

Gluconeogenesis

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

A--The Respiratory System

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

Filters

Complete each of the following statments. The cells of the thyroid gland secrete the iodine-containing hormones and , whereas the cells of the thyroid secrete the Ca²⁺-regulating hormone .