Question 1

Compared with prokaryotic chromosomes,eukaryotic chromosomes are_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) large,mainly organized in single- gene transcription units without introns 
B) small,mainly organized in polygenic transcription units without introns 
C) small,mainly organized in single- gene transcription units with introns 
D) large,mainly organized in polygenic transcription units without introns 
E) large,linear,less densely packed with protein- coding genes,mainly organized in single- gene units with introns 
A) large,mainly organized in single- gene transcription units without introns 
B) small,mainly organized in polygenic transcription units without introns 
C) small,mainly organized in single- gene transcription units with introns 
D) large,mainly organized in polygenic transcription units without introns 
E) large,linear,less densely packed with protein- coding genes,mainly organized in single- gene units with introns

Question 2

The data from metagenomic experiments is commonly displayed in a Venn diagram where there is overlap between datasets that suggest correlation with disease states.If a patient exhibits genomic sequences from multiple overlapping regions of the diagram what happens to their predisposition to the disease?

Accepted Answer

A) It goes down. 
B) It stays the same. 
C) It goes up. 
D) Genetics do not play a role in disease predisposition. 
A) It goes down. 
B) It stays the same. 
C) It goes up. 
D) Genetics do not play a role in disease predisposition.

Question 3

Which E- value represents the highest probability of a BLAST result not being chance?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 × 10- 4  
B) 1 
C) 0)01 
D) 0)1 
E) 1 × 10- 3 
A) 1 × 10- 4  
B) 1 
C) 0)01 
D) 0)1 
E) 1 × 10- 3

Question 4

MALDI- mass spectrometry was used to identify a protein from preserved T.rex samples.Briefly describe how this was done.

Accepted Answer

The T.rex sample was believed to be coll

Question 5

With the rise of drug- resistant bacteria in hospitals there has been an effort to develop new antibiotics as well as novel methods to combat resistant infections.The sequencing of entire communities of organisms including environmental samples has led to the discovery of millions of uncharacterized bacteria that could provide new drugs.This sequencing method is called_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) biome genomics 
B) environmental genomics 
C) shotgun genomics 
D) whole- community sequencing 
A) biome genomics 
B) environmental genomics 
C) shotgun genomics 
D) whole- community sequencing

Question 6

Which of the following is not an emerging "- omics" field?

Accepted Answer

A) glycomics 
B) chromosomics 
C) pharmacogenomics 
D) metagenomics 
E) transcriptomics 
A) glycomics 
B) chromosomics 
C) pharmacogenomics 
D) metagenomics 
E) transcriptomics

Question 7

The dog Canis familiaris genome has recently been sequenced.About how many of the dog's genes are shared with humans?

Accepted Answer

A) ~50% B) >95% C) <25% D) ~75% A) ~50% B) >95% C) <25% D) ~75%

Question 8

Aligning genome sequences from different organisms to determine their evolutionary history is referred to as_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) evogenomics 
B) metagenomics 
C) comparative genomics 
D) stone- age genomics 
A) evogenomics 
B) metagenomics 
C) comparative genomics 
D) stone- age genomics

Question 9

What is the typical gene density per kilobase in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 12 
C) 1200 
D) 3000 
E) 426,000 
A) 1 
B) 12 
C) 1200 
D) 3000 
E) 426,000

Question 10

The project seeking to determine transcriptional start sites,promoters,enhancers,and other functional elements of the genome is called_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) NIH 
B) ENCODE 
C) NCBI 
D) PANTHER 
E) LUMINA 
A) NIH 
B) ENCODE 
C) NCBI 
D) PANTHER 
E) LUMINA

Question 11

A bacterial polygenic transcription unit_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) is capped at the 5' end and carries a poly- A tail at the 3' end 
B) contains information for one protein product 
C) contains information for more than one protein product 
D) is void of start AUG)and termination UAA,UGA,UAG)triplets 
E) None of the answers listed is correct. 
A) is capped at the 5' end and carries a poly- A tail at the 3' end 
B) contains information for one protein product 
C) contains information for more than one protein product 
D) is void of start AUG)and termination UAA,UGA,UAG)triplets 
E) None of the answers listed is correct.

Question 12

A new gene is discovered during the sequencing of a bacterial genome.After a BLAST analysis,the new gene aligns with a known sequence from the same bacterium.The sequence identity is 95%.Which of the following statements best describes the relationship of the newly discovered gene and the known gene?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a paralog to the known gene and is a result of a recent gene duplication. 
B) It is an ortholog to the known gene and is a result of a recent gene duplication. 
C) It is an ortholog to the known gene and is a result of an older gene duplication. 
D) It is a paralog to the known gene and is a result of an older gene duplication. 
A) It is a paralog to the known gene and is a result of a recent gene duplication. 
B) It is an ortholog to the known gene and is a result of a recent gene duplication. 
C) It is an ortholog to the known gene and is a result of an older gene duplication. 
D) It is a paralog to the known gene and is a result of an older gene duplication.

Question 13

Which of the following is a major contributor to variation in gene density in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) transposons 
B) restriction sites 
C) repetitive sequences 
D) heterochromatin 
A) transposons 
B) restriction sites 
C) repetitive sequences 
D) heterochromatin

Question 14

Describe the similarities between sequencing a protein and sequencing a genome.

Accepted Answer

Similar to genome sequencing p

Question 15

Somatic genome mosaicism is best described as _______.

Accepted Answer

A) differences in gen location in the genome 
B) differences in genome sequence between cells of an organism due to errors incurred during division 
C) differences in proteins expressed between cells of an organism 
D) differences in genome sequence between cells of an organism due to errors in sequencing 
A) differences in gen location in the genome 
B) differences in genome sequence between cells of an organism due to errors incurred during division 
C) differences in proteins expressed between cells of an organism 
D) differences in genome sequence between cells of an organism due to errors in sequencing

Question 16

Under the umbrella of the Human Genome Project,a program was set up to involve scientists,health professionals,policy makers,and the public in formulating policy and legislation related to the application of human genomic information.What is it called?

Accepted Answer

A) WGS Whole Genome Systems 
B) ELSI Ethical,Legal,and Social Implications 
C) HGSI Human Genome Sequencing Initiative 
D) HGPC Human Genome Project Consortium 
A) WGS Whole Genome Systems 
B) ELSI Ethical,Legal,and Social Implications 
C) HGSI Human Genome Sequencing Initiative 
D) HGPC Human Genome Project Consortium

Question 17

Describe how comparative genomics is aiding in the discovery and treatment of human disease.

Accepted Answer

Comparative genomics is reveal

Question 18

The advent of genomic sequencing and annotations using bioinformatics has led to the realization that some of the long- held beliefs about prokaryotic genome structure were incorrect.Which of the following has not been refuted by modern bioinformatic discoveries?

Accepted Answer

A) Prokaryote genomes do not contain introns. 
B) All bacterial genomes are circular. 
C) Bacterial genomes are always smaller than eukaryotic genomes. 
D) Prokaryotes have a single chromosome. 
A) Prokaryote genomes do not contain introns. 
B) All bacterial genomes are circular. 
C) Bacterial genomes are always smaller than eukaryotic genomes. 
D) Prokaryotes have a single chromosome.

Question 19

The Human Genome Project,which got under way in 1990,is an international effort to_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) clone deleterious genes from humans and study their mode of action 
B) determine the base sequence of the human genome and to identify all the genes within 
C) collect plant seeds in order to reduce the impact of human activity on plant extinction 
D) clone beneficial genes from humans for eventual use in gene therapy 
E) collect samples of cells from all parts of the world in order to preserve human genetic diversity 
A) clone deleterious genes from humans and study their mode of action 
B) determine the base sequence of the human genome and to identify all the genes within 
C) collect plant seeds in order to reduce the impact of human activity on plant extinction 
D) clone beneficial genes from humans for eventual use in gene therapy 
E) collect samples of cells from all parts of the world in order to preserve human genetic diversity

Question 20

Describe the difference between whole- genome sequencing and whole- exome sequencing.

Accepted Answer

Whole- genome sequencing seque

Exam 21: Genomic Analysis

Compared with prokaryotic chromosomes,eukaryotic chromosomes are_______ .

Which E- value represents the highest probability of a BLAST result not being chance?

MALDI- mass spectrometry was used to identify a protein from preserved T.rex samples.Briefly describe how this was done.

Which of the following is not an emerging "- omics" field?

The dog Canis familiaris genome has recently been sequenced.About how many of the dog's genes are shared with humans?

Aligning genome sequences from different organisms to determine their evolutionary history is referred to as_______ .

What is the typical gene density per kilobase in prokaryotes?

The project seeking to determine transcriptional start sites,promoters,enhancers,and other functional elements of the genome is called_______ .

A bacterial polygenic transcription unit_______ .

Which of the following is a major contributor to variation in gene density in eukaryotes?

Describe the similarities between sequencing a protein and sequencing a genome.

Somatic genome mosaicism is best described as _______.

Under the umbrella of the Human Genome Project,a program was set up to involve scientists,health professionals,policy makers,and the public in formulating policy and legislation related to the application of human genomic information.What is it called?

Describe how comparative genomics is aiding in the discovery and treatment of human disease.

The advent of genomic sequencing and annotations using bioinformatics has led to the realization that some of the long- held beliefs about prokaryotic genome structure were incorrect.Which of the following has not been refuted by modern bioinformatic discoveries?

The Human Genome Project,which got under way in 1990,is an international effort to_______ .

Describe the difference between whole- genome sequencing and whole- exome sequencing.

Introduction to Genetics

Mitosis and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Extensions of Mendelian Genetics

Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

Extranuclear Inheritance

DNA Structure and Analysis

DNA Replication and Recombination

DNA Organization in Chromosomes

The Genetic Code and Transcription

Translation and Proteins

Gene Mutation,dna Repair,and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes

Post-Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes

Epigenetic Regulation in Eukaryotes

Recombinant Dna Technology

Applications of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Developmental Genetics

Cancer Genetics

Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

CRISPR and Genomic Editing

DNA Forensics

Genomics and Precision Medicine

Genetically Modified Foods

Gene Therapy

Advances in Neurogenetics: The Study of Huntington Disease

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