Question 1

All of the following are challenges in gene therapy EXCEPT_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) unknown cell types 
B) designing a strategy 
C) inaccessible tissues 
D) unknown specific mutations 
A) unknown cell types 
B) designing a strategy 
C) inaccessible tissues 
D) unknown specific mutations B

Question 2

The promiscuity of the CRISPER- Cas9 system likely benefits bacteria by _______.

Accepted Answer

A) enabling faster search of large genomes 
B) increasing the safety of medical applications 
C) facilitating defense against new viral attacks 
D) continuing the evolutionary process 
A) enabling faster search of large genomes 
B) increasing the safety of medical applications 
C) facilitating defense against new viral attacks 
D) continuing the evolutionary process C

Question 3

The primary value of the CRISPER- Cas system in biotechnology is_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) simple modifications of genomes 
B) addition of random indels 
C) the removal of ineffective genes 
D) rapid and cost- effective production of genetically modified organisms 
A) simple modifications of genomes 
B) addition of random indels 
C) the removal of ineffective genes 
D) rapid and cost- effective production of genetically modified organisms D

Question 4

Which of the following is a pathway available to cells to repair double- stranded DNA breaks?

Accepted Answer

A) nonhomologous end- joining 
B) nonhomologous directed repair 
C) homologous directed end joining 
D) homologous end- joining 
A) nonhomologous end- joining 
B) nonhomologous directed repair 
C) homologous directed end joining 
D) homologous end- joining

Question 5

An advantage of base editor technology is that _______.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA is not cut,so there are no indels 
B) uracil is more specific than cytosine and enables greater fidelity 
C) the hybrid protein changes A to T for greater variability 
D) specific basic sequences are edited,leading to a more specific product 
A) DNA is not cut,so there are no indels 
B) uracil is more specific than cytosine and enables greater fidelity 
C) the hybrid protein changes A to T for greater variability 
D) specific basic sequences are edited,leading to a more specific product

Question 6

A strategy to reduce off target effects of the CRISPER- Cas system is to limit homology with other regions of the genome.This principle capitalizes on the specificity of which step of the mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) target interference 
B) leader sequence determination 
C) spacer acquisition 
D) crRNA biogenesis 
A) target interference 
B) leader sequence determination 
C) spacer acquisition 
D) crRNA biogenesis

Question 7

cas genes code for a variety of proteins,including _______ .

Accepted Answer

A) RNases 
B) crRNAs 
C) polysaccharides 
D) lysozymes 
A) RNases 
B) crRNAs 
C) polysaccharides 
D) lysozymes

Question 8

Reverse genetics is a strategy with which researchers _______.

Accepted Answer

A) investigate the function of proteins 
B) turn on a gene and monitor the effects 
C) delete a genome and investigate the function of plasmids 
D) delete genes and monitor the effects 
A) investigate the function of proteins 
B) turn on a gene and monitor the effects 
C) delete a genome and investigate the function of plasmids 
D) delete genes and monitor the effects

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct order of steps for the CRISPR- Cas mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) spacer acquisition,biogenesis,target interference 
B) target interference,transcription,biogenesis 
C) cleavage,target interference,biogenesis 
D) transcription,cleavage,spacer acquisition 
A) spacer acquisition,biogenesis,target interference 
B) target interference,transcription,biogenesis 
C) cleavage,target interference,biogenesis 
D) transcription,cleavage,spacer acquisition

Question 10

Mechanisms of adaptive immunity include_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) blocking phage DNA insertion 
B) blocking phage adsorption 
C) restriction enzymes 
D) learning from past exposures 
A) blocking phage DNA insertion 
B) blocking phage adsorption 
C) restriction enzymes 
D) learning from past exposures

Question 11

dCas9 is a useful tool in the CRISPER- Cas toolkit because it can_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) bind DNA,but it cannot cut DNA 
B) fluoresce and help researchers locate target sequences 
C) bind DNA,but it cannot travel down the template strand 
D) deactivate the transcription of a gene 
A) bind DNA,but it cannot cut DNA 
B) fluoresce and help researchers locate target sequences 
C) bind DNA,but it cannot travel down the template strand 
D) deactivate the transcription of a gene

Question 12

A strategy to induce random indels in a target sequence might use_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) NHEJ to ligate fragments 
B) NHEJ and Cas9 
C) HDR to match damaged and undamaged chromosomes 
D) HDR and a donor template 
A) NHEJ to ligate fragments 
B) NHEJ and Cas9 
C) HDR to match damaged and undamaged chromosomes 
D) HDR and a donor template

Question 13

A major limitation of CRISPER- Cas to treat human disease in vivo is modifying millions of cells.What are the characteristics of successful delivery vehicles?

Accepted Answer

A) They induce an immune response. 
B) They are carried by erythrocytes. 
C) They are encapsulated in target cells via endosomes . 
D) They bind to target proteins. 
A) They induce an immune response. 
B) They are carried by erythrocytes. 
C) They are encapsulated in target cells via endosomes . 
D) They bind to target proteins.

Question 14

The primary benefit of CRISPR- Cas over TALENs and ZFNs is _______ .

Accepted Answer

A) the specificity of the nuclease 
B) the speed of the process 
C) the ability of Cas9 to bind engineered sgRNA 
D) the cost 
A) the specificity of the nuclease 
B) the speed of the process 
C) the ability of Cas9 to bind engineered sgRNA 
D) the cost

Question 15

Genome editing is based on _______ .

Accepted Answer

A) methylating specific DNA sequences with specific proteins 
B) transcribing specific DNA sequences with specific proteins 
C) acetylating specific DNA sequences with specific nucleases 
D) targeting and manipulating specific DNA sequences with specific nucleases 
A) methylating specific DNA sequences with specific proteins 
B) transcribing specific DNA sequences with specific proteins 
C) acetylating specific DNA sequences with specific nucleases 
D) targeting and manipulating specific DNA sequences with specific nucleases

Question 16

CRISPR- Cas functions in bacteria to_______ .

Accepted Answer

A) code for restriction enzymes 
B) edit genomes 
C) replicate viral DNA 
D) fight viruses 
A) code for restriction enzymes 
B) edit genomes 
C) replicate viral DNA 
D) fight viruses

Question 17

Which of the following is required to efficiently target DNA in vitro using CRISPER- Cas9?

Accepted Answer

A) Cas9 
B) target RNA 
C) tRNA 
D) native crRNA 
A) Cas9 
B) target RNA 
C) tRNA 
D) native crRNA

Question 18

Examples of modifications to Cas9 include all of the following EXCEPT _______.

Accepted Answer

A) epigenetic modifiers 
B) promotor domains 
C) repression domains 
D) fluorescent proteins 
A) epigenetic modifiers 
B) promotor domains 
C) repression domains 
D) fluorescent proteins

Question 19

Type II CRISPR- Cas systems are the most widely used systems because _______.

Accepted Answer

A) they only require a single protein,Cas9 
B) they use a nuclease complex 
C) Streptococcus pyogenes is an important research organism 
D) they were discovered first 
A) they only require a single protein,Cas9 
B) they use a nuclease complex 
C) Streptococcus pyogenes is an important research organism 
D) they were discovered first

Question 20

Applications of CRISPER- Cas in biotechnology include all of the following EXCEPT _______.

Accepted Answer

A) creating bioreactors to manufacture human proteins 
B) engineering pigs that are resistance to PRRS 
C) increasing drought resistance of crops 
D) modulating epigenetic regulation 
A) creating bioreactors to manufacture human proteins 
B) engineering pigs that are resistance to PRRS 
C) increasing drought resistance of crops 
D) modulating epigenetic regulation

Exam 27: CRISPR and Genomic Editing

All of the following are challenges in gene therapy EXCEPT_______ .

The promiscuity of the CRISPER- Cas9 system likely benefits bacteria by _______.

The primary value of the CRISPER- Cas system in biotechnology is_______ .

Which of the following is a pathway available to cells to repair double- stranded DNA breaks?

An advantage of base editor technology is that _______.

A strategy to reduce off target effects of the CRISPER- Cas system is to limit homology with other regions of the genome.This principle capitalizes on the specificity of which step of the mechanism?

cas genes code for a variety of proteins,including _______ .

Reverse genetics is a strategy with which researchers _______.

Which of the following is the correct order of steps for the CRISPR- Cas mechanism?

Mechanisms of adaptive immunity include_______ .

dCas9 is a useful tool in the CRISPER- Cas toolkit because it can_______ .

A strategy to induce random indels in a target sequence might use_______ .

A major limitation of CRISPER- Cas to treat human disease in vivo is modifying millions of cells.What are the characteristics of successful delivery vehicles?

The primary benefit of CRISPR- Cas over TALENs and ZFNs is _______ .

Genome editing is based on _______ .

CRISPR- Cas functions in bacteria to_______ .

Which of the following is required to efficiently target DNA in vitro using CRISPER- Cas9?

Examples of modifications to Cas9 include all of the following EXCEPT _______.

Type II CRISPR- Cas systems are the most widely used systems because _______.

Applications of CRISPER- Cas in biotechnology include all of the following EXCEPT _______.

Introduction to Genetics

Mitosis and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Extensions of Mendelian Genetics

Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

Extranuclear Inheritance

DNA Structure and Analysis

DNA Replication and Recombination

DNA Organization in Chromosomes

The Genetic Code and Transcription

Translation and Proteins

Gene Mutation,dna Repair,and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes

Post-Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes

Epigenetic Regulation in Eukaryotes

Recombinant Dna Technology

Genomic Analysis

Applications of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Developmental Genetics

Cancer Genetics

Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

DNA Forensics

Genomics and Precision Medicine

Genetically Modified Foods

Gene Therapy

Advances in Neurogenetics: The Study of Huntington Disease

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